最新人教版英语八年级下册知识点总结(精华版)

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最新人教版英语八年级下册知识点总结(精华版

Unit 1 What’s the matter?

一.重点短语归纳

1. have a cold 感冒 2. have a stomachache 胃疼

3. have a sore back背疼 4. have a sore throat喉咙疼

5. have a fever发烧 6. lie down and (have a) rest  躺下休息

7.have a rest 休息 8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶

9.drink lots of water多喝水 10.see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生

11.lots of ,a lot of, 许多。大量 a lot

a lot of=lots of,可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词,一般用在肯定句中:

There are lots of a lot of books in our library.

There is a lot of water on the ground

a lot,是一个副词词组,跟动词连用;表示十分,很等意思;  Thanks a lot.

12. have a toothache牙疼 13. That’s a good idea好主意

14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉

15. feel well感到好   feel ill 感到不舒服

I don’t feel well = I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.

16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事

to do 是一件事情完成了,开始做另外一件事情

doing是原来的那件事情做到一半,现在又开始做了,是同一件事情。

17. two days ago两天前 18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿

19. I think so我认为是这样 20. be thirsty口渴     21. be hungry 饥饿

22. be stressed out紧张 23. listen to music听音乐

24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医

26. need to do sth 需要做某事

I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist.  我牙痛我需要去看牙医.

We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净.

27. too much + 不可数名词   太多的… 

much too +/   实在太… 极其,非常

too many + 可数名词复数 太多的

28 .be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ,对什么有好处

be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害

be good to

be good at =do well in ……方面好,擅长

be good(bad) forbe good at的相关用法

  1.be good for ......有益

  Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。

  2.be good at 擅长于......

   Li Ping is good at basketball.李平擅长于篮球。

   = Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅长于打篮球。

  be good at = do well in 如:

   I'm good at math. = I do well in math.我擅长于数学。

  3.be good to ......

   Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。

29.get good grades 取得好成绩   

30.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气

I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我对他很生气,因为他让我等了好久。 be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气

31.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。

32.balanced diet平衡饮食

33.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired 

34.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health

35.He shouldn’t eat anything

=He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.

36.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议

advice 是不可数名词

   a piece of advice 一则建议 take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议

He gave me some good advice.他向我提了一些很好的意见。

49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时, get enough sleep 得到充足的睡眠

50.take medicine 吃药 服药

I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒,我不得不一天吃三次药

固定结构

It’s +形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是的。

It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。

It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.

It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。

It’s easy for us to find out the answer.  找出答案对我们来说是容易的

三.重点句子

1.What’s the matter ? What’s the matter with you ? 你怎么啦?

 =What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you? 

I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache

2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t …     那太糟糕了你应该/不该

You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a

dentist / see a doctor .

He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.

3.I’m not feeling well . 这里well表示身体状况,不能用good代替

I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.

4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开始的?大约两天前

5.I hope you feel better soon.我希望你很快好起来。(这里betterwell的比较级)

10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet.有一个健康的生活方式很容易,饮食平衡是很重要的。

→ It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要

四.语法:反身代词以及提建议的情态动词的用法

1.情态动词should的用法

should是情态动词,它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。

情态动词没有人称和数的变化,意为"应该......"

should(应当,应该)用于所有人称,表示劝告或建议

eg. You should wait a little more.你应该再多等一会儿。

You shouldn`t eat so much next time.你下次不应该吃这么多。

2.反身代词:A. He hurt himself in PE class. (作宾语)

B. Just be yourself.(作表语)

The headmaster himself met me.(作主语同位语)

You should ask the doctor himself. (作宾语同位语)

3.maybemay be

  1.maybe是副词,译为也许、可能,相当于“perhaps”。如:

   Maybe he can answer the question.   也许他能回答那个问题。

   He maybe is from the USA, too.    他可能也来自美国。

  2.may be中的may为情态动词,译为可能是......”。如:

   He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

   She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师

3. fewa fewlittlea little的区别和联系:

1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词,few表示否定意义,没有,几乎没有;a few表示有肯定意思,有几个。 例如:

He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友,他感觉寂寞。

There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。

2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否定意思,没有,几乎没有。 a little 表示肯定意思,有一点儿。 例如:

There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?

我的瓶子里没有墨水了,你能给我点儿墨水吗?

4. not…until  直到 …(否定句) ,动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词

 She didn’t leave until we came.

He went shopping after he got up. 

=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up. 

……until/till   直到··· (肯定句)动词为延续性动词

We stayed here till / until 12 o’clock.

Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks.

一.知识点: 短语动词小结

常见短语动词结构有下面几种:

1.动词+副词 如:give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜

这种结构有时相当于及物动词,如果其宾语是代词,就必须放在动词和副词之间,如果是名词,则既可插在动词和副词之间,也可放在短语动词后。

2. 动词+介词 如:listen to look at belong to 属于

这种结构相当于及物动词,后面跟宾语。

3. 动词+副词+介词 如:come up with 提出,想出

run out of 用完,耗尽

4. 动词+名词(介词) 如:take part in参加 catch hold of 抓住

1.cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作 如:cheer me up 使我高兴

2.clean up 打扫 clean-up n. 打扫

3. homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩home n.

4. sick adj. 生病的 作表语、定语 ill adj. 生病的 作表语 ,不能作定语

5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献 volunteer n. 志愿者

6. come up with 提出 想出 === think up 想出 catch up with 赶上 追上

7. put off doing 推迟做某事 put on 穿上 (指过程) put up 张贴

8. write down 写下 记下 9. call up 打电话 make a telephone call 打电话

10. set up 成立 建立

The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在2000年成立的。

11. each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况 常与of 连用

every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有全体的意思不能与of 连用

12. put …to use 投入使用,利用

They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用

13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事 help him (to) study

help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help him with English

help do 帮助做某事 help study

14. plan to do 计划做某事 plan + 从句

I plan to go to Beijing. === I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我计划去北京。

15. spend … doing 花费

I spent a day visiting Beijing.我花了一天的时间去参观北京。

spend… on sth. 花费… I spent 3 years on English.

16. join 参加 (指参加团体、组织) 如:join the Party 入党

take part in 参加 (指参加活动) 如:take part in sports meeting 参加运动会

17. run out run out of

run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间,食物,金钱,油等,本

身就含有被动意义。

His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。

Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。

run out of 主语为人,表示主动含义。

He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。

两者在一定条件下可以互换

如:The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了

= We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。

Our time is running out. = We are running out of time我们剩下的时间不多了。

18. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)(父母等)相像

be similar to ..相像 take after 相像

look after 照顾 take care of 照顾

19. work out v. + adj.

结局,结果为

The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。

算出,制订出,消耗完(精力等)

He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。

He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。

I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。

21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛

I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲逛。

22. be able to do be unable to do 不能,不会

23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如:

thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我

24. for sure 确实如此,毫无疑问

You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你没有钱,这是毫无疑问的。

25. fill… with… 使充满填充

She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。

26. hand out 分发 hand out bananas

give out 分发 give out sth to sb. ….给某人

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