强调句与定语从句的区别

强调句与定语从句的区别

【原题复现】27.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village

the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.

A. where B．that C．when D. which

【语法补漏】

强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that, which，who, whom或关系副词when, where，why等,先行词(中心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用that，who；

有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结构特点来进行判断，如能去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要.

试比较：①It is a question that needs careful consideration.

②It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading.

　简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此It是指示代词，It is a question是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构，如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此It是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉It is...that，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。

区分定语从句与强调句 区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法，因为强调句的基本句式为 It is (was)+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将it is(was) 后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。

1) It is this street _______I happened to meet him.

It is in this street _______I happened to meet him. [ ]

A．that B．where C．which D．from which

首先，我们看到主句部分为 it is…结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原，得出1．I happened to meet him this street. 2．I happened to meet him in this street. 1句子成份不完整，为定语从句，用where；2句子成份完整为强调句，选that。

2) Where did you meet him?

It is in the cinema_______ I met him.

It is in the cinema_______ door faces west. [ ]

A．that B．where C．whose D．which

仍然采取还原法，得出1．I met him in the cinema. 2．Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整，确定为强调句，用that选A；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子，其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema _______door faces west that I met him. 强调句部分已经省略，而句中door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示门朝西开的电影院，因此选C，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还原法加以辨别：

(1) Was it in the cinema _______Smith met you _______you saw the film?

A．that, that B．whom, then C．where, that D．which, where (C)

(2) Where did you found XingMing? It was in the office _______he worked.

A．this B．which C．where D．/ (C)

【高考题互动】

01、(08全国卷II’ 20) It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.

A. that B. how C. which D. when

02、(08天津卷’ 08)It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.

A. how B. which C. that D. where

03、(08重庆卷’ 22)It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.

A. that B. when C. while D. as

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