2014年高考江苏省英语卷（答案及解析）-----易题库教研团队
题目：
Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed.
选项：
A．though
B．as
C．since
D．unless
答案：
A
解析过程：
句意：尽管我们不能改变历史，但是我们可以从历史中学到教训从而更好的面对未来。根据句意可知上下文之间存在着转折关系，所以使用though表示让步和转折。故选项A正确。
考点定位：考查连词
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题目：
The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.
选项：
A．which
B．when
C．as
D．where
答案：
D
解析过程：
句意：在日常交流中这本书帮助了我很多，尤其是在我的工作之中,因为在工作中,良好的印象很重要。通过分析句子成分可知本题考查定语从句,先行词是work.因为后面的定语从句a good impression is a must的句子结构很完整，所以使用关系副词在句中做状语，同时也引导起这个定语从句。AC两项都是关系代词在句中不能做状语，when的先行词通常都是指时间的名词。故选项D正确。
考点定位：考查定语从句
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题目：
—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?
—Well, the media ________ it in a variety of forms.
选项：
A．cover
B．will cover
C．have covered
D．covered
答案：
C
解析过程：
句意：—你对即将在南京举行的青年奥运会了解多少？—了解的不少，媒体已经以多种形式对青年奥运会举进行了报道。根据本句中的well，可知作者对青年奥运会很了解。本句使用现在完成时强调过去所发生的事情对现在的影响,因为媒体的报道,所产生的结果是作者对青年奥运会很了解。故选项C正确。
考点定位：考查时态
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题目：
Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay ________
选项：
A．in place
B．in order
C．in shape
D．in fashion
答案：
C
解析过程：
句意：为了保持健康，每天早晨Tom总去慢跑，也经常做引体向上。A. in place: 在适当的位置; B. in order: 整齐；秩序井然；按顺序; C. in shape: 处于良好状态; D. in fashion: 流行； 时兴。根据句意，答案选C。
考点定位：考查介词短语
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题目：
Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies.
选项：
A．chased
B．registered
C．offered
D．compensated
答案：
A
解析过程：
句意：大学里的优秀毕业生受到大公司的青睐。A. chased：追求，试图赢得；B. registered：登记；记录；注册；挂号；C. offered：提供；提出；D. compensated：补偿；赔偿；付报酬。根据句意，答案选A。
考点定位：考查动词
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试
题目：
—What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.
选项：
A．how
B．what
C．that
D．who
答案：
B
解析过程：
句意：—真乱啊！你总是这么懒！—妈妈，你不应该责备我。是你使我成为现在这样的。本题考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句。表语从句通常都是放在系动词be的后面，说明主语的情况。本句中的what引导起宾语从句，并在宾语从句里放在made me的后面做宾语补足语。That在表语从句中不能做成分，how在句中做状语。Who指人，通常都做主语。故B正确。
考点定位：考查表语从句
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题目：
She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year’s election.
选项：
A．symbol
B．portrait
C．identity
D．statue
答案：
A
解析过程：
句意：两年前她就遭软禁，但她在去年的选举中仍然代表人物。A. symbol: 符号；象征；标志; B. portrait: 肖像；画像；描写 C. identity: 一致；身份；特征 D. statue: 雕像；塑像。根据意思，答案选A。
考点定位：考查名词
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题目：
The idea “happiness, ” ________, will not sit still for easy definition.
选项：
A．to be rigid
B．to be sure
C．to be perfect
D．to be fair
答案：
B
解析过程：
句意：可以肯定的是，幸福，不是那么容易定义的。Rigid：僵硬的，死板的；sure：确信的，肯定的，有把握的；perfect：完美的；fair：公平的，公正的；根据意思，答案选B。
考点定位：考查插入语
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题目：
The lecture ________, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
选项：
A．being given
B．having given
C．to be given
D．having been given
答案：
D
解析过程：
句意：他的演讲结束后，将是一个现场问答部分。a lively question-and-answer session followed是一个完整的句子，本题的两部分之间缺少连词，所以逗号前面的不能是句子，只能是一个独立主格结构。名词his lecture与动词give之间构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动，排除B项。A项表示正在进行，C项不定式表示将要进行。都符合语义，D项having been done在做状语的时候相当于done。本句的独立主格结构His lecture having been given相当于After his lecture had been given。故D正确。
考点定位：考查非谓语动词
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题目：
—Dad, I don’t think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.
—I see. I’ll go right away and ________.
选项：
A．pay him back
B．pay him off
C．put him away
D．put him off
答案：
B
解析过程：
句意：—爸爸，我认为Oliver并不是这份工作的合适人选。—知道了，我马上就去结清他的工资，让他走。Pay back：偿还；报复；报答；偿付；pay off：付清；（付清工资后）解雇；（努力）得到回报；put away：收拾，整理，放在一边，不管不顾；put off：推迟；根据句意，故B正确。
考点定位：考查动词短语
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题目：
It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.
选项：
A．might
B．would
C．should
D．could
答案：
C
解析过程：
句意：让我难过的是，如此贫穷的他们竟然给我带来了食物。should：应该，竟然；根据句意可知本句中的should表示“竟然”。故C正确。
It is simply a miracle that rice should grow in such a place. 稻子竟能在这样的地方生长, 这实在是个奇迹.
考点定位：考查情态动词
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题目：
I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be ________ occupied.
选项：
A．also
B．just
C．nevertheless
D．otherwise
答案：
D
解析过程：
句意：星期天我不能去接你了，另外我还会很忙。nevertheless： 然而，不过；otherwise：要不然；另外。这里“otherwise”表示 “另外”。
She is not very clever, but otherwise she's a nice girl.
We'll get there somehow, by boat or otherwise.
考点定位：考查副词
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题目：
Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the soul of Qu Yuan.
选项：
A．remember
B．remind
C．recover
D．recall
答案：
D
解析过程：
句意：相传端午节是为了让我们想起屈原的精神。Remember：记得；remind：提醒，使…想起…；recover：康复；recall：回忆；根据句意D正确。
I often recall my childhood which is dead and gone.
I can't recall how long it has been.
考点定位：考查动词
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题目：
Good families are much to all their members, but ________ to none.
选项：
A．something
B．anything
C．everything
D．nothing
答案：
C
解析过程：
句意：好的家庭对她的家庭成员们来说意味着许多，但对谁来说都不是一切。根据句意可知everything一切符合上下文含义。故选项C正确。
考点定位：考查代词
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题目：
—________ ! Somebody has left the lab door open.
—Don’t look at me.
选项：
A．Dear me
B．Hi, there
C．Thank goodness
D．Come on
答案：
A
解析过程：
句意：—天哪！实验室的门开着呢。—别看我！不是我干的。Dear me:天哪！（表示惊讶）Hi，there:嗨，你好；Thank goodness:谢天谢地；Come on:加油；得了吧！根据句意可知前者对于实验室的门还开着很惊讶。故选项A正确。
考点定位：考查情景交际
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题目：
Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first 1 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 2 , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn’t afford the 3 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 4 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 5 he didn’t have the time or the 6 . He had only one good suit. He tried 7 the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too 8 . During this period Dale was slowly 9 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 10 him from achieving his real potential. She 11 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 12 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.
Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 13 made it. This proved to be a 14 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 15 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 16 . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, 17 , were winning contests.
Out of this early struggle to 18 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 19 an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence. And, 20 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.
1．A．admitted B．filled C．supplied D．recognized
2．A．assignment B．education C．advantage D．instruction
3．A．training B．board C．teaching D．equipment
4．A．between B．during C．over D．through
5．A．while B．when C．because D．though
6．A．permits B．interest C．talent D．clothes
7．A．on B．for C．in D．with
8．A．light B．flexible C．optimistic D．outgoing
9．A．gaining B．achieving C．developing D．obtaining
10．A．prevent B．protect C．save D．free
11．A．suggested B．demanded C．required D．insisted
12．A．presence B．practice C．patience D．potential
13．A．hopefully B．certainly C．finally D．naturally
14．A．key B．breaking C．basic D．turning
15．A．progress B．experience C．competence D．confidence
16．A．horse-riding B．football C．speech D．farming
17．A．in return B．in brief C．in turn D．in fact
18．A．convey B．overcome C．understand D．build
19．A．express B．stress C．contribute D．repeat
20．A．besides B．beyond C．like D．with
答案：
1-5．DBBAC
6-10．DBACA
11-15．ABCDD
16-20．CCBAD
解析过程：
1.
句意：戴尔·卡耐基从密苏里的一个默默无闻的农场里走出来，并成为一名国际大师，因为他找到一个方法来满足人们共同的需要。这个需要是1906年他在at State Teachers College in Warrensburg学习的时候意识到的。A. admitted：承认；B. filled：填充；C. supplied：提供；D. recognized ：认识到；认出。本句是一个强调句型,强调的是“need”做“recognized”的宾语。根据意思，故答案选D。
考点定位：考查动词
2.
句意：为了接受教育，戴尔·卡耐基经历了很多困难。根据后文叙述可知他家里很穷，为了接受教育，他每天骑马去学习，没有衣服不能参加学校活动，等等。故答案选B。
考点定位：考查名词
3.
根据后一分句“Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes”他不得不骑马12英里去上学，可知他的父亲没有钱付他的大学寄宿膳食的钱。A：training培训；B：board寄宿膳食；C：teaching教育；D：equipment设备；故B符合语境。
考点定位：考查名词
4.
句意：他的很多学习都是在农场干活休息的时候完成的。干扰项为B，在干农活期间不能学习，应该是干农活休息的时候，故答案选A。
考点定位：考查介词
5.
他不能参加各种学校的活动，后一分句解释原因，因为他没有时间也没有衣服。所以使用because。
考点定位：考查连词
6.
根据后一句“He had only one good suit.”他只有一件好衣服。可知D符合语境。
考点定位：考查名词
7.
句意：他申请参加足球队，但是教练拒绝了他，因为他太轻了。Try on：试穿；try for：申请；I don't think I have a particularly good chance of getting the job, but it's certainly worth trying for.我看得到那份工作的可能性并不很大，不过争取一下肯定是我值得的。 故答案选B。
考点定位：考查介词
8.
A．light：轻的；淡的；B．flexible：灵活的； C．optimistic：乐观的； D．outgoing：外向的；BCD三项不能成为教练拒绝队员的理由，如果队员过于瘦弱，不适合足球这项剧烈运动，故答案选A。
考点定位：考查形容词
9.
根据上下我可知在这段时间里，卡耐基慢慢的形成了一种自卑感。A:赢得；B:实现；C:形成，发展；D:获得；通常都使用develop表示养成，形成一种性格。故选项C正确。
考点定位：考查动词
10.
根据上下我可知在这段时间里，卡耐基慢慢的形成了一种自卑感,他妈妈知道这种自卑感会阻止他开发自身的潜力。本句中的prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事，这个结构符合语境。
考点定位：考查动词
11.
句意:他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，认为在辩论队里,练习演讲让他感到自信和得到认可。而且在join前面省略了should，这是一个虚拟语气和后文中“Dale took his mother’s advice”。故选项B正确。
考点定位：考查动词
12.
句意:他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，认为在辩论队里,练习演讲让他感到自信和得到认可。根据意思，故选项B正确。
考点定位：考查名词
13.
句意：卡耐基采纳了妈妈的建议，拼命的尝试，多次努力以后，最后终于成功了。根据“after several attempts”和“made it可知选项C正确。A．hopefully：有希望地； B．certainly：当然； C．finally：最后； D．naturally：自然地。
考点定位：考查副词
14.
句意：这件事情证明是他人生的转折点。根据意思，答案选D。
考点定位：考查名词
15.
在很多人面前发表演讲的确帮助他获得了信心。根据前文中“believing that 12 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.”可知答案选D。A．progress：进步；B. experience：经历，经验；C．competence：能力，技能； D．confidence：自信。
考点定位：考查名词
16.
根据上下文可知到他大四的时候，他赢得了演讲方面所有的最高荣誉。根据意思，答案选C。
考点定位：考查名词
17.
句意：有很多学生都来向他寻求指导，接着在他的指导之下，他们也相继赢得了比赛。In turn表示那些学生也相继成功了。A．in return：作为回报；B．in brief：简洁地； C．in turn：依次，轮流； D．in fact：实际上。
考点定位：考查介词短语
18.
句意：在克服自卑的斗争过程中，卡耐基逐渐理解向听众表达观点的能力可以增强一个人的信心。A．convey：传达； B．overcome：克服； C．understand：理解； D．build：建造，开发。根据意思，答案选A。
考点定位：考查动词
19.
句意：在克服自卑的斗争过程中，卡耐基逐渐理解向听众表达观点的能力可以增强一个人的信心。根据意思，答案选A。
考点定位：考查动词
20.
With it中的it是指“the ability”，有了这种能力，他能够做他想做的一切，其他人也如此。
考点定位：考查介词
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题目：
Never before had a Kitchen so much of a History
It tells of Freedom, Success, and of the Architecture of big American cities. Because that is where it started: in the second half of the 19th century!
Welcome to a new Era of Kitchen Interior Design
Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth. This dream was realized by young architects such as Daniel Burnham and Stanford White. They all had studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris.
And they created a new style for Architecture and Interior Design, named after the famous Art Institute: Beaux-Arts.
SieMatic Beaux Arts Breaks and Creates
In fact it was not a new style at all, but a composition of styles from different periods and cultures. Many world-famous structures such as the Chicago Art Institute and the Statue of Liberty account for it. But what does that have to do with your kitchen? Just as much as you want it to. Because in the same way that the anti-conventional architects back then took the freedom to combine elements from different historical eras, today, you too can break the conventional rules of styles and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic Beaux Arts offers unique opportunities: A broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design of your own. You can choose from menu of various forms, appealing colors, and precious materials, to create an environment that is much more than just a kitchen: a reflection of your personality.
1．Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs?
A．It helped display their money status
B．It was created by famous architects
C．It was named after a famous institute
D．It represented the 19th century urban culture
2．What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts?
A．Its designs are anti-conventional.
B．Its designs come from famous structures.
C．Its customers can enjoy their own composition.
D．Its customers can choose from various new styles.
答案：
1．A
2．C
解析过程：
1.
根据第二段中”Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth”一代成功的美国企业家渴望一种新的建筑可以展现他们的个人财富。故选项A正确。
考点定位：考查细节理解
2.
根据第三段中you too can break the conventional rules of style and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique opportunities: A broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design of your own.你也可以打破传统的类型,来创造新的东西,你个人的厨房.可知SieMatic BeauxArts让顾客有机会显示自己的构思。故选项C正确。
考点定位：考查细节理解
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题目：
However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone’s time or money could be better spent on something else.
Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.
Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use of your cash and time—is the opportunity cost.
For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: there’s no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.
Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense it’s human nature to do precisely that—we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.
In the business world, a popular phrase is “value for money.” People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: “value for time.” The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.
1．According to the passage, the concept of “opportunity cost” is applied to ________.
A．making more money
B．taking more opportunities
C．reducing missed opportunities
D．weighing the choice of opportunities
2．The “leftover ... time” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time ________.
A．spared for watching the match at home
B．taken to have dinner with friends
C．spent on the way to and from the match
D．saved from not going to watch the match
3．What are forgone opportunities?
A．Opportunities you forget in decision-making
B．Opportunities you give up for better ones
C．Opportunities you miss accidentally
D．Opportunities you make up for
答案：
1．D
2．C
3．B
解析过程：
1.
根据第一段中“Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone’s time or money could be better spent on something else.” 是指人们思考自己的时间金钱是否可以更好地被利用在其他的事情上。也就是在衡量自己的选择是否合理。故答案选D。
考点定位：考查细节理解
2.
根据文章第三段Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends?人们本来是想去看球赛，但是球赛的票太贵了。所以就不去现场看球了。从而省下了“take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium.”这部分时间，并且把买票的钱和来去体育馆的时间用在了别的地方，那么这里的leftover money and time就是指看球赛来回所花费的时间。
考点定位：考查猜测词义
3.
根据文章第三段Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.即使有人带你去享受免费的午餐，在这种情况下，你吃饭的时间还是会让你失去某些东西。这是从forgone opportunities的角度来说的，也就是说你还可以用这段时间做更有价值，更有意义的事情，但是你却把他用来享用这段免费的午餐。所以forgone opportunities就是指放弃的机会。故选项B正确。
考点定位：考查推理判断
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题目：
Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger.
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.
Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation.
1．The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________.
A．usually has a biological basis
B．varies among people
C．is socially and culturally shaped
D．influences one’s thinking and evaluation
2．What changes can be found in an angry brain?
A．Balanced electrical activity can be spotted.
B．Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas.
C．Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour.
D．Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition.
3．Which of the following is typical of offensive anger?
A．Approaching the source of anger.
B．Trying to control what is disliked.
C．Moving away from what is disliked
D．Feeling helpless in the face of anger.
4．What is the key message of the last paragraph?
A．How anger differs from other emotions.
B．How anger relates to other emotions.
C．Behavioural responses to anger.
D．Behavioural patterns of anger.
答案：
1．C
2．B
3．A
4．D
解析过程：
1.
根据第二段中“The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces.”可知由于人们生理的和文化的不同，人们对于生气的表达也有所不同，接下来进行了具体解释。在现代因为生气，而进行身体上的冲突是不能忍受的，然而在古代，决斗是可以被接受的。综上，故答案选C。
考点定位：考查推理判断
2.
根据第三段3,4行“But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren't balanced”可知当我们生气的时候，脑电图在额叶前部会出现不平衡的现象。故选项B正确。
考点定位：考查细节理解
3.
根据文章第四段3,4,5行“The angrier we are， the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger.”可知当我们生气的时候，我们很可能靠近让我们生气的对象，从而去影响和控制使我们生气的人和情景。这是典型的offensive anger的表现。故A正确。
考点定位：考查细节理解
4.
根据本段 “Most positive emotions are associated with approach behavior”及“Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behavior”可知本段主要讲了“approach behavior”和“avoidance behavior”这两种不同的行为模式。故答案选D。
考点定位：考查推理判断
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题目：
August 1990，Boston
Dear Maya Shao-ming,
To me, June 6,1990 is a special day. My long-awaited dream came true the minute your father cried, "A girl!" You are more than just a second child, more than just a girl to match our boy. You, little daughter, are the link to our female line, the legacy of another woman's pain and sacrifice 31 years ago.
Let me tell you about your Chinese grandmother. Somewhere in Hong Kong, in the late fifties, a young waitress found herself pregnant (怀孕) by a cook, probably a co-worker at her restaurant. She carried the baby to term, suffered to give it birth, and kept the little girl for the first three months of her life. I like to think that my mother—your randmother—loved me and fought to raise me on her own, but that the daily struggle was too hard. Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the constant threat of starvation, she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of us might have a chance for a better life.
More likely, I was dropped at the orphanage (M JLR) steps or somewhere else. I will probably never know the truth. Having a baby in her unmarried state would have brought shame on the family in China, so she probably kept my existence a secret. Once I was out of her life, it was as if I had never been born. And so you and your brother and I are the missing leaves on a family tree.
Do they ever wonder if we exist?
Before I was two, I was adopted by an Anglo couple. Fed three square meals a day, I grew like a wild weed and grasped all the opportunities they had to offer—books, music, education, church life and community activities. In a family of blue-eyed blonds, though, I stood out like a sore thumb. Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who looked so different, my older brothers sometimes teased me about my unpleasing skin, or made fun of my clumsy walk. Moody and impatient, burdened by fears that none of us realized resulted from my early years of need, I was not an easy child to love. My mother and I conflicted countless times over the years, but gradually came to see one another as real human beings with faults and talents, and as women of strength in our own right. Lacking a mirror image in the mother who raised me, I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own. The Asian American community has helped me regain my double identity.
But part of me will always be missing: my beginnings, my personal history, all the delicate details that give a person her origin. Nevertheless, someone gave me a lucky name "Siu Wai." "Siu" means "little," and "War means "clever." Therefore, my baby name was "Clever little one." Who chose those words? Who cared enough to note my arrival in the world?
I lost my Chinese name for 18 years. It was Americanized for convenience to "Sue." But like an ill-fitting coat, it made me uncomfortable. I hated the name. But even more, I hated being Chinese. It took many years to become proud of my Asian origin and work up the courage to take back my birth-name. That, plus a little knowledge of classroom Cantonese, is all the Chinese culture I have to offer you. Not white, certainly, but not really Asian, I try to pave the way between the two worlds and bridge the gap for you. Your name, "Shao-ming," is very much like mine—"Shao" means "little." And "ming" is "bright," as in a shining sun or moon. Whose lives will you brighten, little Maya? Your past is more complete than mine, and each day I cradle you in your babyhood, generously giving you the loving care I lacked for my first two years. When I pat you, I comfort the lost baby inside me who still cries for her mother.
Sweet Maya, it doesn't matter what you "become" later on. You have already fulfilled my wildest dreams.
I love you,
Mommy
1．Why is June 6, 1990 a special day for Mommy?
A．Her dream of being a mother came true.
B．She found her origin from her Chinese mother.
C．She wrote the letter to her daughter.
D．Her female line was well linked.
2．How does Mommy feel about her being given away?
A．It is bitter and disappointing.
B．It is painful but understandable.
C．She feels sorry but sympathetic.
D．She feels hurt and angry.
3．What does “I stood out like a sore thumb” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．I walked clumsily out of pains.
B．I was not easy to love due to jealousy.
C．I was impatient out of fear.
D．I looked different from others.
4．What can be inferred from Mommy’s Anglo family life?
A．She used to experience an identity crisis.
B．She fought against her American identity.
C．She forgot the pains of her early years.
D．She kept her love for Asia from childhood.
5．Why did Mommy name her daughter “Shao-ming?”
A．To match her own birth-name.
B．To brighten the lives of the family.
C．To identify her with Chinese origin.
D．To justify her pride in Chinese culture.
6．By “Your past is more complete than mine,” Mommy means ________.
A．her past was completed earlier than Shao-ming’s
B．Shao-ming has got motherly care and a sense of roots
C．her mother didn’t comfort her the way she did Shao-ming
D．her past was spent brokenly, first in Asia, then in the US
答案：
1．D
2．B
3．D
4．A
5．C
6．B
解析过程：
1.
根据第一段2,3行“You are more than just a second child, more than just a girl to match our boy. You, little daughter, are the link to our female line”你不仅仅是我们的第二个孩子，也不仅仅是让我有儿有女，更重要的是家族里的女性传承得以延续。故选项D正确。
考点定位：考查细节理解
2.
根据第二段最后3行“Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the constant threat of starvation, she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of us might have a chance for a better life.”可知她的母亲把她送走可能是想要另一个孩子，可能是由于饥饿，但是将她送走，两个人都可以过幸福的生活，所以她对母亲的选择是可以接受和理解的，但是同时被母亲送走的确是一件很痛苦的事情。故选项B正确。
考点定位：考查推理判断
3.
根据本句“In a family of blue-eyed blonds, though, I stood out like a sore thumb.”家里都是蓝眼睛的白种人，而我是一个黄皮肤黑头发的中国人。Though后面这句话说明我和他们是不一样的。故D正确。
考点定位：考查句意理解
4.
根据第四段“Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who looked so different, my older brothers sometimes teased me about my unpleasing skin, or made fun of my clumsy walk.”可知在这个家庭里不知道是处于嫉妒还是恐惧我的哥哥们有时会嘲笑我。有时候也会和母亲吵架。“Lacking a mirror image in the mother who raised me, I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own. The Asian American community has helped me regain my double identity.”在母亲身上不能找到自我，进而产生了身份危机。故选项A正确。
考点定位：考查推理判断
5.
根据文章倒数第二段That, plus a little knowledge of classroom Cantonese, is all the Chinese culture I have to offer you. Not white, certainly, but not really Asian, I try to pave the way between the two worlds and bridge the gap for you. Your name, "Shao-ming," is very much like mine—"Shao" means "little." And "ming" is "bright"可知母亲想给女儿添加一些中国文化的元素，所以女儿的名字为Shao ming，让女儿知道自己的祖先有中国血统。故C正确。
考点定位：考查推理判断
6.
根据下一句“and each day I cradle you in your babyhood, generously giving you the loving care I lacked for my first two years.”得知母亲一直在照顾着女儿，这和母亲自己的经历是不同的。母亲很小就被送走了，没有享受到母爱也不知道自己的根在哪里。故选项B项正确。
考点定位：考查句意理解
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题目：
The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.
People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.
For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.”
However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.
Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.
答案：
1．feeling
2．influences
3．practical
4．unconsciously
5．individuals
6．moral
7．spirit
8．habits
9．independent
10．no
解析过程：
1. 根据文章第一段The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. Peer pressure（同龄人压力）是说Peer pressure会让我们有一种强烈的感觉要做和同龄人一样的事情，所以feeling正确。
2. 根据第一段2,3行”It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative.”可知Peer pressure对团队里的每个人都会有影响，这种影响可能是积极的，也可能是消极的。本句中的influences与前面的works是并列结构。
3. 根据文章第二段第五行There is a practical aspect to this可知peer pressure会产生很多现实的影响，这些影响都是实际存在的。
4. 根据文章第三段可知不管是青少年年轻人还是成年人都在不知不觉中受到同龄人的影响。故使用unconsciously表示无意识地。
5. 根据第三段第一行 “For certain individuals”可知同龄人的压力对个体会产生很大的影响。
6. 根据文章第三段2,3,4行 “in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. ”可知同龄人的压力会让人丧失道德准则，不辨是非，甚至违法犯罪。本句中的moral指道德的。
7. 根据第四段2,3行”Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. ”可知同龄人的压力也有积极的影响，为了帮助自己所在的队伍获胜，他们会养成团队合作精神。故使用名词spirit。
8. 根据第四段3,4行”This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. ”可知peer pressure可以帮助人们养成好的习惯并抛弃一些不好的习惯。
9. 根据文章最后一段”They teach kids to stand up and be themselves”可知要教会孩子独立，并做真正的自己。
10. 根据最后一段”encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. ”可知要鼓励孩子拒绝去做一些他们认为错误的事情。句中的decline拒绝转换成say no to。
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题目：
请阅读下面短文,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。
When we read newspapers, we often come across such English words as “AIDS” and “PK.” When we watch TV, we frequently hear words like “NBA” or “PM2.5.” When we speak, we automatically use words like “OUT” or “Bye-bye.” English words and expressions like these are getting popular. They have already become part of our daily language. And 239 English words have been included in the latest Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese.
The inclusion has started a heated discussion. A group of scholars signed a letter of complaint over the inclusion of these English words, which, they think, goes against Chinese language policies. They not only worry that Chinese is borrowing an increasing number of English words but are also concerned that the inclusion may hurt the dignity of the Chinese language. However, others are in favor of the inclusion because it is hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language. They believe the selection is mostly a result of their function and use in daily life.
【写作内容】
1．用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2．用约 120个单词发表你的观点,内容包括：
（1）支持或反对汉语词典收录英语词汇；
（2）用 2—3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。
【写作要求】
1．可以支持文中任一观点,但必须提供理由或论据；
2．阐述观点或提供论据时,不能直接引用原文语句；
3．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
4．不必写标题。
答案：
支持：
Today, more and more English words find their way into the Chinese language. Even the Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese includes 239 English words. Some people support it while others do not.
Generally, I am in favour of the inclusion. As the number of English learners is on the rise, it’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts. Besides, it is, on some occasions, more convenient to use English words. Most people nowadays use “IT” instead of its translation “xinxi jishu.” In our global village, we can see that it’s not uncommon for one language to borrow words from other languages. In English, there are many words borrowed from Latin, French, or even Chinese. In fact, Chinese has never stopped taking words from other languages, say, “ganbu” or “minzhu” from Japanese.
So, it’s safe to conclude that it is reasonable to include English which facilitates daily communication.
反对：
With English words getting popular in both media and daily life, a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of them, leaving the public divided into two opposing groups: “For” and “Against.”
I tend to take the “Against” side for two reasons. Firstly, this inclusion has actually polluted our mother tongue. Sooner or later, many English accents will rise and fall with the four Chinese tones. And, rules don’t tell us how to pronounce such English-turned Chinese words as “wifi” and “Out” in a Chinese way! Secondly, such an inclusion may give rise to prejudices of the educated against those with little knowledge of English. Just for one illustration, while college students take “Bye-bye” for granted when parting from each other, it may unconsciously hurt the feelings of someone who is used to “zaijian.”
In short, not only has the inclusion poisoned Chinese, it may also bring about distance between the Chinese people.
解析过程：
本文要求简单描述短文内容并就短文内容发表个人的观点。属于议论文的范围,所以使用一般现在时和第三人称。
本文讨论的话题是：最近中文词典收录了一些英语单词,要求针对这个现象发表个人观点。可以支持,可以反对。支持者的观点：随着学习英语的人越来越多，人们也能理解这些词的意思，不影响阅读。而且这是文化融合的一种表现。反对者的观点：这是一种文化污染，会影响这些词的纯真的发音等，同时对于那些英语不好的人还是一种偏见等；
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