历年英语四级听力真题 - 原文及答案解析

2012年6月英语四级

听力解析

11.

M: As you can see from the drawings, the kitchen has one door into the dining room, another into the family room and a third to the outside.

W: The door into the family room isn’t big enough. Could it be made wider

Q: What are the speakers doing

【答案】D) Discussing a housing plan.

【解析】此题为简单的推理题。从drawing，kitchen等关键词可知，两人正在看房间的图纸，并讨论希望family room能够再大点。

12.

M: I’m thinking about where to go for a bite tonight. Any suggestions, Barbara

W: Well, how about the French restaurant near the KFC Frankly, I’ve had enough of our canteen food.

Q: What do we learn about the woman

【答案】D) She is tired of the food in the canteen.

【解析】此题为推理题。从对话中可知，男子问女子对于晚上到哪里吃饭有没有任何建议。女子回答去KFC旁边的法国餐厅，因为她已经受够了食堂的食物。

13.

W: Hey, if you can’t enjoy the music at a sensible volume, why not use earphones I’m preparing for the speech contest.

M: Oh, sorry. I didn’t realize I’ve being bothering you all this time.

Q: What is the man probably doing

【答案】C) Listening to some loud music.

【解析】此题为较为简单的推理题。从volume，earphone，bother等关键词可知该男子听音乐时把音量调的很高，从而影响到了女子准备演讲比赛。

14.

M: Finally, I’ve got the chance to put on my new suit tonight. I hope to make a good impression on your family.

W: Come on! It’s only a family reunion. So jeans and T-shirts are just fine. 

Q: What does the woman mean

【答案】C) The man can dress casually for the occasion.

【解析】此题为推理题。男子想穿新套装给女方家庭留下好印象，但是女子说这只是个家庭聚会，穿牛仔裤和T恤就行，即穿着随意即可。

15.

M: Would you like to see those pants in brown and navy blue These two colors are coming in this season.

W: Oh, actually grey is my favourite color, but I prefer something made from cotton, 100% cotton I mean.

Q: What is the woman looking for

【答案】B) Grey pants made from pure cotton.

【解析】此题为细节题。从关键词pants，grey，100% cotton可知，女子想要的是灰色纯棉的短裤。

16.

W: From here, the mountains look as if you could just reach out and touch them.

M: That’s why I chose this lodge. It has one of the best views in Switzerland.

Q: What is the man’s chief consideration in choosing the lodge

【答案】C) Its location.

【解析】此题为细节题。男子说他选择这个旅馆的原因是它有着瑞士最好的视野，所以他最在乎的是位置。

17.

M: What do I have to do to apply for a passport

W: You need proof of citizenship, either an old passport or a birth certificate and three photographs. Then you must complete this form and pay a fee.

Q: What is the man most probably going to do

【答案】C) Travel overseas.

【解析】此题为推理题。男子询问女子如何申请护照，女子回答时说的出生证，照片等是申请护照的所需用品。

18.

M: Miss, can I interest you in a pork special with serving tonight It’s only 799, half the usual price and it’s very tasty.

W: Oh really I will try it.

Q: What does the man say about the dish

【答案】A) It is a good bargain.

【解析】此题为细节题。男子在给女子推荐时说该道菜今晚的价格是平时的一般，且很好吃，可见十分划算。

听力长对话1

点评：第一篇长对话是一期访谈节目，主题是对一位自主创业人士的一次访谈，难度一般，要拿满分应该不难。主持人问及男士是如何想到要自己创业的，自己的自行车行是否有固定营业时间，以及是否雇佣了一些员工。男士则顺着主持人的问话，谈及了自己的创业历程，店里的营业时间与方式等。考生在听的过程中，需要理解这些短语的意思，如have one’s heart on it，意思是“决心，一定要”，stand in the way，意思是“阻碍，挡道”。一般四级考生，这些短语在平常的学习中应该是有所积累的，不是难题。

听力长对话2

点评：这篇长对话围绕该地区的主要经济活动钢铁和纸张加工产业展开。男士对该地区这两大产业的现状不是很熟悉，所以女士为其做解答，介绍了钢铁产业在这一地区所占的重要地位，以及阻碍这一地区发展的主要因素，如地处山区，内地的小城镇依然交通不便。接着，二人则转向了下一个话题，即该地区的劳动力和培训与教育水平。女士这里简单地进行了一个概括，认为整体情况不错并且在不断进步。 

这篇长对话难度适中，考生可以先浏览一遍问题，推测出主题，然后带着问题去听，这样做起来就容易多了。这里有一个生单词，可能考生在听的时候会被这样一个单词难倒，Basque country，是指“法国西南端，西班牙北部地区”。不过这个表达不影响做题，考生即使没听懂，也不要在这里纠结，因为浏览过题目就知道，这个不是考察点，所以要继续集中精力往下听。这也是听力的一个技巧，带着问题去听，只抓主要信息以及与问题相关的信息，不重要的疑难点要及时忽略。

36. calculators 37. handle

38. items

39. Responding

40. emergencies

41. rarely

42. occur

43. murders

44. there have been hundreds of thefts and cases of deliberate damaging of public property.

45. Things get stolen when it is easy to steal them because they are left lying around unwatched.

46. A better way to solve this problem might be for all of us to be more careful with our things. 

2012年6月全国大学英语四级考试(CET4) - 听力原文

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

11:

M: As you can see from the drawings, the kitchen has one door into the dining room, another into the family room and a third to the outside.

W: The door into the family room isn’t big enough. Could it be made wider

Q: What are the speakers doing

12,

M: I’m thinking about where to go for a bite tonight. Any suggestions, Barbara

W: Well, how about the French restaurant near the KFC Frankly, I’ve had enough of our canteen food.

Q: What do we learn about the woman

13,

W: Hey, if you can’t enjoy the music at a sensible volume, why not use earphones I’m preparing for the speech contest.

M: Oh, sorry. I didn’t realize I’ve being bothering you all this time.

Q: What is the man probably doing

14.

M: Finally, I’ve got the chance to put on my new suit tonight. I hope to make a good impression on your family.

W: Come on! It’s only a family reunion. So jeans and T-shirts are just fine. 

Q: What does the woman mean

15.

M: Would you like to see those pants in brown and navy blue These two colors are coming in this season.

W: Oh, actually grey is my favourite color, but I prefer something made from cotton, 100% cotton I mean.

Q: What is the woman looking for

16.

W: From here, the mountains look as if you could just reach out and touch them.

M: That’s why I chose this lodge. It has one of the best views in Switzerland.

Q: What is the man’s chief consideration in choosing the lodge

17.

M: What do I have to do to apply for a passport

W: You need proof of citizenship, either an old passport or a birth certificate and three photographs. Then you must complete this form and pay a fee.

Q: What is the man most probably going to do

18.

M: Miss, can I interest you in a pork special with serving tonight It’s only 799, half the usual price and it’s very tasty.

W: Oh really I will try it.

Q: What does the man say about the dish

Conversation 1

W：Good evening, and welcome to this week’s business world, the program for and about business people. Tonight we have Mr. Steven Kayne, who has just taken over and established bicycle shop. Tell us, Mr. Kayne, what made you want to run your own store

M: Well, I always loved racing bikes and fixing them. When I was working full-time as a salesman for a big company, I seldom had time to enjoy my hobby. I knew then that as soon as I had enough money to get my own business going, I’ll do it. I had my heart set on it and I didn’t let anything stand in my way. When I went down to the bank and got a business loan, I knew I’d love being my own boss. Now my time is my own. I open the store when I want and leave when I want.

W: You mean you don’t keep regular hours

M: Well, the sign on my store says the hours are ten to six, but if business is slower than usual, I can just lock up and take off early.

W: Have you hired any employees to work with you yet

M: Yeah, a couple of friends of mine who love biking as much as I do. They help me out a few days a week. It’s great because we play cards or just sit around and talk when there are no customers. 

W: Thank you, Mr. Kayne. We wish you success in your new business.

Question 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

is the woman doing

did Mr. Kayne do before he took over the bicycle shop

did the man take over a bicycle shop

do we learn about the people working in the shop

Conversation 2

W: Well, the main activities in the region were historically steel and paper processing, I think.

M: Yes, but I’m not quite sure about the status of those industries now. Could you tell us something about that 

W: Yes, of course. In fact, they are less significant, but steel-related manufacturing still accounts for 44% of industrial activity. So it’s still very important. In fact, 80% of Spain’s machine tools are from the Basque Country. As for paper processing, there’s still a little. But it’s no longer what it once was in the region. So, is that clear

M: Yes, thanks.

W: Now, to get back to what I was saying, there’s a lot of unemployment as well as geographical problems in the region.

M: Sorry, Victoria. What do you mean by geographical problems

W: Well, what I mean is the area is very hilly, mountainous in parts. So there used to be transport problems, now though there are new train links and better roads, but it may be that some smaller towns inland remain not very well connected, is that OK Does that make sense When we talk about specific location suggestions for the factory, we’ll see this in more detail, so we’ll come back to this question, OK

M: OK, right.

W: So I was about to say something about the work force in the region and the level of training and education. In general, it’s very good and improving.

Question 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23. What does the woman say about the steel-related manufacturing in the region

24. What problems hinder the region’s development

25. What will the speakers discuss later

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

I first met Joe Gumps when we were both 9 years old, which is probably the only reason he is one of my best friends. If I had first met Joe as a freshman in high school, we wouldn’t even have had the chance to get to know each other. Joe is a day student, but I am a boarding student. We haven’t been in the same classes, sports or extra curriculum activities. Nonetheless, I spend nearly every weekend at his house, and we talk on the phone every night. This is not to say that we would not have been compatible if we had first met in our freshman year. Rather, we would not have been likely to spend enough time getting to know each other, due to the lack of immediately visible mutual interests.

In fact, to be honest, I struggle even now to think of things we have in common, but maybe that’s what makes us enjoy each other’s company so much. When I look at my friendship with Joe, I wonder how many people I’ve known whom I never disliked but simply didn’t take the time to get to know. Thanks to Joe, I have realized how little basis there is, for the social divisions that exist in every community. Since this realization, I have begun to make an even more determined effort to find friends in unexpected people and places.

Questions:

26. Why does the speaker say Joe Gumps become one of his best friends

27. Where does the speaker spend most of his weekends

28. What has the speaker learned from his friendship with Joe

Passage 2

It was a bad night for Louis. His research in the neighboring town had taken longer than he expected. It was late and he was very tired when he drove home. He turned into his building’s parking lot, but all the spaces were full. He drove back out onto the street looking for a parking space. The first block was full. The next block was almost empty. Louis didn’t see a no-parking sign, but he suspected that if parking were allowed there, most of the spaces would be filled. Then he saw a small parking lot with two free spaces. He was so glad to see them that he didn’t even think to read the sign by the entrance. He drove in, parked, and hurried home to go to bed. The next morning he went back to the lot to get his car. It was gone. He ran home and telephoned the city police to say that his car had been stolen. It took the police only a minute to tell him what had happened. His car had been on a private lot. It had been taken away by the police. Louis had to take a taxi to the city garage far from the center of town. He had to pay a fee of $40 to get his car back. In addition, he got a parking ticket --- his first one ever in Greenville.

29. Where did Louis intend to park his car when he came back from work one night

30. What did Louis think had happened to his car the next morning

31. Where did Louis finally get his car back

Passage 3

Well, to pick up where we left off last time, I believe we agreed the creativity is a mysterious idea. It's one of those things we all recognized when we see it. But we don't really understand what it is. We seem to feel that some people are naturally creative, but we don't know how they got that way. Is creativity a natural gift like good looks Or is it something that can be acquired like knowledge Perhaps if we analyze the creative process carefully, we might get some insight into what it is and how it might work in our lives. The creative process has always been accepted as a source of all important work in the arts. But we should not think the creativity play the role only in the arts. Every major scientific discovery began with someone imagining the world to look differently from the way others saw it. And this is what the creativity is all about. Imagining the world in a new way, and despite what you may believe about the limits of your own creative imaginations, we all have the potential to imagine the world in an absolute new way. 

In fact, you were born with it. It is your birth right as a human being. And what's more, you use it every day almost every moment of your life. Your creative imagination is what you use to make sense of your experiences. It's your creative mind to get the meaning from the chaos of your experiences and brings order to your world.

32: What did the speaker most probably discuss last time

33: What is a widely accepted idea about the creative process

34: What leads to major scientific discoveries according to the speaker

35: What does the speaker imply about the creative process

Students have been complaining more and more about stolen property. Radios, cell phones, bicycles, pocket calculators and books have all been reported stolen. Are there enough campus police to do the job There are 20 officers in the campus security division. Their job is to handle crime, accidents, lost and found items, and traffic problems on campus. More than half of their time is spent directing traffic and writing parking tickets. Responding promptly to accidents and other emergencies is important, but it is their smallest job. Dealing with crime takes up the rest of their time. Very rarely did any violent crimes actually occur.

In the last five years there have been no murders, seven robberies, and about sixty other violent attacks, most of these involving fights at parties. On the other hand, there have been hundreds of thefts and cases of deliberate damaging of public property, which usually involves breaking windows or lights, or writing on walls. The thefts are not the carefully planned burglaries that you see in movies. Things get stolen when it is just easy to steal them because they are left lying around unwatched. Do we really need more policeHiring more campus police would cost money, possibly making our tuition go up again. A better way to solve this problem might be for all of us to be more careful with our things.

36. calculators

37. handle

38. items

39. Responding

40. emergencies

41. rarely

42. occur

43. murders

44. there have been hundreds of thefts and cases of deliberate damaging of public property.

45. Things get stolen when it is easy to steal them because they are left lying around unwatched.

46. A better way to solve this problem might be for all of us to be more careful with our things. 

听力解析

11.

M: As you can see from the drawings, the kitchen has one door into the dining room, another into the family room and a third to the outside.

W: The door into the family room isn’t big enough. Could it be made wider

Q: What are the speakers doing

【答案】D) Discussing a housing plan.

【解析】此题为简单的推理题。从drawing，kitchen等关键词可知，两人正在看房间的图纸，并讨论希望family room能够再大点。

12.

M: I’m thinking about where to go for a bite tonight. Any suggestions, Barbara

W: Well, how about the French restaurant near the KFC Frankly, I’ve had enough of our canteen food.

Q: What do we learn about the woman

【答案】D) She is tired of the food in the canteen.

【解析】此题为推理题。从对话中可知，男子问女子对于晚上到哪里吃饭有没有任何建议。女子回答去KFC旁边的法国餐厅，因为她已经受够了食堂的食物。

13.

W: Hey, if you can’t enjoy the music at a sensible volume, why not use earphones I’m preparing for the speech contest.

M: Oh, sorry. I didn’t realize I’ve being bothering you all this time.

Q: What is the man probably doing

【答案】C) Listening to some loud music.

【解析】此题为较为简单的推理题。从volume，earphone，bother等关键词可知该男子听音乐时把音量调的很高，从而影响到了女子准备演讲比赛。

14.

M: Finally, I’ve got the chance to put on my new suit tonight. I hope to make a good impression on your family.

W: Come on! It’s only a family reunion. So jeans and T-shirts are just fine. 

Q: What does the woman mean

【答案】C) The man can dress casually for the occasion.

【解析】此题为推理题。男子想穿新套装给女方家庭留下好印象，但是女子说这只是个家庭聚会，穿牛仔裤和T恤就行，即穿着随意即可。

15.

M: Would you like to see those pants in brown and navy blue These two colors are coming in this season.

W: Oh, actually grey is my favourite color, but I prefer something made from cotton, 100% cotton I mean.

Q: What is the woman looking for

【答案】B) Grey pants made from pure cotton.

【解析】此题为细节题。从关键词pants，grey，100% cotton可知，女子想要的是灰色纯棉的短裤。

16.

W: From here, the mountains look as if you could just reach out and touch them.

M: That’s why I chose this lodge. It has one of the best views in Switzerland.

Q: What is the man’s chief consideration in choosing the lodge

【答案】C) Its location.

【解析】此题为细节题。男子说他选择这个旅馆的原因是它有着瑞士最好的视野，所以他最在乎的是位置。

17.

M: What do I have to do to apply for a passport

W: You need proof of citizenship, either an old passport or a birth certificate and three photographs. Then you must complete this form and pay a fee.

Q: What is the man most probably going to do

【答案】C) Travel overseas.

【解析】此题为推理题。男子询问女子如何申请护照，女子回答时说的出生证，照片等是申请护照的所需用品。

18.

M: Miss, can I interest you in a pork special with serving tonight It’s only 799, half the usual price and it’s very tasty.

W: Oh really I will try it.

Q: What does the man say about the dish

【答案】A) It is a good bargain.

【解析】此题为细节题。男子在给女子推荐时说该道菜今晚的价格是平时的一般，且很好吃，可见十分划算。

听力长对话1

点评：第一篇长对话是一期访谈节目，主题是对一位自主创业人士的一次访谈，难度一般，要拿满分应该不难。主持人问及男士是如何想到要自己创业的，自己的自行车行是否有固定营业时间，以及是否雇佣了一些员工。男士则顺着主持人的问话，谈及了自己的创业历程，店里的营业时间与方式等。考生在听的过程中，需要理解这些短语的意思，如have one’s heart on it，意思是“决心，一定要”，stand in the way，意思是“阻碍，挡道”。一般四级考生，这些短语在平常的学习中应该是有所积累的，不是难题。

听力长对话2

点评：这篇长对话围绕该地区的主要经济活动钢铁和纸张加工产业展开。男士对该地区这两大产业的现状不是很熟悉，所以女士为其做解答，介绍了钢铁产业在这一地区所占的重要地位，以及阻碍这一地区发展的主要因素，如地处山区，内地的小城镇依然交通不便。接着，二人则转向了下一个话题，即该地区的劳动力和培训与教育水平。女士这里简单地进行了一个概括，认为整体情况不错并且在不断进步。 

这篇长对话难度适中，考生可以先浏览一遍问题，推测出主题，然后带着问题去听，这样做起来就容易多了。这里有一个生单词，可能考生在听的时候会被这样一个单词难倒，Basque country，是指“法国西南端，西班牙北部地区”。不过这个表达不影响做题，考生即使没听懂，也不要在这里纠结，因为浏览过题目就知道，这个不是考察点，所以要继续集中精力往下听。这也是听力的一个技巧，带着问题去听，只抓主要信息以及与问题相关的信息，不重要的疑难点要及时忽略。

36. calculators 37. handle

38. items

39. Responding

40. emergencies

41. rarely

42. occur

43. murders

44. there have been hundreds of thefts and cases of deliberate damaging of public property.

45. Things get stolen when it is easy to steal them because they are left lying around unwatched.

46. A better way to solve this problem might be for all of us to be more careful with our things. 

2011年12月英语四级

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves

M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask

Q: What does the man suggest the woman do

【答案】B) Go and ask the staff.

【解析】这是一道事实细节题。从对话中可知，女士搞不清楚列车时刻表，男士建议她去售票窗口咨询。ticket window售票窗口。

: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it

W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.

Q: What does the man mean

【答案】A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.

【解析】这是道推理判断题，考查男士的言下之意以及虚拟语气。could have done意为本可以做某事，但未做。从对话中可知，男士确实回家看了电视节目，但是他说道：I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing. 我真希望自己当时能再晚点睡着，这样我就可以看完整场节目了。说明他没有看完整场节目就睡着了。

: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.

M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.

Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation

【答案】B) She is worried about missing her flight.

【解析】这是道场景题，略有难度。刚开始，我们还无法很快判断出该对话发生的场景，很多同学一听到airport可能会误以为对话发生在机场，但如果我们继续听下去，就会发现，该对话应该发生在出租车上，因为女士说了句“请选择最快的路”，而男士说“因为有球赛，所以到处都交通拥堵”可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。选项A不对，原文是说要挑the fastest way哪怕不是the most direct way；选项C也不准确，才刚上车，并没有拥堵，司机只是提前说明因为球赛会碰到拥堵；选项D错误，女士是为了赶去乘飞机的，而不是去看球赛。

: May I make a recommendation, sir Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.

M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.

Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place

【答案】A) At a restaurant

【解析】这是道场景题，较为简单。从对话中可知，女士希望向男士推荐一道菜，从首句中即可推断出该对话最有可能发生在餐馆中，男士说，他过敏，不吃贝壳类海鲜，可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。

: Now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most

M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.

Q: What do we learn about the man

【答案】A) He is being interviewed for a job.

【解析】这是较为简单的细节推理题。 从position, company这几个关键词中，我们就可以快速判断出此题的场景为面试，因此男士应该正在接受一场面试。 C选项错误，他想要销售经理的职位，但并不表示他本身就是销售经理。

: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.

W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.

Q: What does the woman imply

【答案】B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.

【解析】这是推理判断题，询问女士的言下之意。最后一句，女士表示“你改变主意的话，我不会觉得奇怪”，可知，男士不太可能搬出宿舍。A选项是个干扰项，虽然该选项看上去意思和B选项差不多，但对话中并没有提到男士想找一个更安静的地方，他想搬离寝室，是为了更多的个人空间。

: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.

W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

【答案】D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.

【解析】这是推理判断题。从对话中可知，男士希望女士缩小主题的范围，女士回答“你是对的。”说明女士会采纳男士的建议，缩小主题。

: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it

M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.

Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation

【答案】B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.

【解析】这是推理判断题。beat一词是个难点，beat本意有“打败”的意思，这次的野餐打败了上次，即这次比上次好，下文中，男士说“上次我们不得不呆在室内，但这次天气不错。”可以再次确认他们不喜欢上次的野餐，因此，正确答案为B。

Conversation One

【听力原文】

M: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.

W: The seasons

M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter What is it like when the days are so short

W: So what is it like

M: Well, it is cold, very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade. And of course when you go out, you’ll wrap up warm. But inside in the houses it’s always very warm, much warmer than at home. Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.

W: And what about the darkness

M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets. It’s still light in the midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.

W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.

M: Yeah, that’s right, but it’s wonderful. You want to stay up all night, and the Sweden’s made most of it. Often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings. They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners work longer hours, but I’m not sure this is a good thing.

【听力材料评析】这篇长对话是围绕瑞典的天气展开，主要谈到瑞典冬天的极寒和夏天的极昼天气。文章一开头即说到人们喜欢询问瑞典的季节情况。接下来对具体情况进行了描述，包括：极寒天气下的气温、室外和室内温度状况，另外，就瑞典室温与英国室温进行了对比，再次强调证明瑞典室温很高；而极昼天气则谈的是瑞典人的工作时间和工作习惯，另外，就瑞典人工作时认真忙、能玩时拼命玩的习惯和英国人工作勤奋、工作时间长进行了对比。

这篇对话考查细节信息抓取能力。整体难度不大，并且以男士提供的信息为主。但许多考生可能因为对瑞典（Sweden）和与瑞典相关的一系列名词不熟悉而纠结，因此忽略了真正需要听清的其实并不太难的关键信息。这就提醒大家在做题时，切勿因为个别词语不熟悉，而慌张。

）He likes Sweden better than England.

B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather.

C）He is an English living in Sweden.

D）He visits London nearly every winter.

19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation

【答案】B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather.

【解析】本题为推断题。根据文章大意可推断得出。整篇文章中，分别有两处暗示信息，一处是男士说，“Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.”，瑞典人在冬天去拜访英格兰时，会抱怨英格兰室温太冷。另一处是男士在谈到冬天天气时，说道：“It is sometimes a bit depressing.”长时间寒冷的天气令人沮丧。因此可推断得出，男士更喜欢hot weather，热天气。所以，答案为：He prefers hot weather to cold weather.

）The bad weather

B）The cold houses.

C）The gloomy winter.

D）The long night.

20. What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter

【答案】B）The cold houses.

【解析】对话中，当男士介绍瑞典的极寒天气时，谈到只要穿暖，出门很暖，而室内更暖和，为了强调这一观点，男士继续说道：“Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.”说是瑞典人在冬天去拜访英格兰时，会抱怨英格兰室温太冷。所以，答案为：The cold houses.

）Delightful.

B）Painful.

C）Depressing.

D）Refreshing.

21. How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden

【答案】C）Depressing.

【解析】女士问：“And what about the darkness”男士答道：“around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring.”临近圣诞节的时候，每天仅有一小时为白天，所以人们都非常向往春天，希望春天快点到来。然后，进一步强调性地评论道：“It is sometimes a bit depressing.”有时候真有点令人沮丧。因此，本题答案为：Depressing.

）They often stay up late reading.

B)They work hard and play hard.

C) They like to go camping in summer.

D) They try to earn more and spend more.

22. What does the man say about the Swedish people

【答案】B）They work hard and play hard.

【解析】男士在谈到瑞典的极昼天气时，着重谈了瑞典人在极昼天气的工作情况，并进一步对瑞典人的工作习惯进行了评价。男士说道：“They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too.”瑞典人既能在工作时努力工作，又能在能玩时拼命玩。所以，本题答案为：They work hard and play hard.

Conversation Two

【听力原文】

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

W: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job

M: That’s a very good question. I don’t think there is any, specifically.

W: For example, in your case, what was your educational background

M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side. Then progressed on to universities. So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.

W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.

M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things.

W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.

M: Quite.

W: But you are local to Nottingham, actually Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University

M: No, no, I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire. Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful.

W: Yes, indeed. Let’s see. Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire

M: Yes, from the Woolen District.

【听力材料评析】这篇长对话围绕男士的教育背景和职业发展展开。按顺序分别谈到男士从诺丁汉大学法语专业，毕业之后去了中学和政府工作，然后又进入了大学管理层。这期间，他并没有刻意做过任何的职业发展计划，也没有接受过专门的相关职业培训，主要是因为在他的读书时代，并没有可攻读的管理学学位。对话最后谈到了男士去诺丁汉大学读书的原因是被其校园的优美风景所吸引。

这篇对话有一定难度。特别是关于男士职业的说法，考生未必熟悉。但考生不必紧张，因为主要的细节考查中，专业是法语、因为环境优雅所以选择诺丁汉大学这两题都不难听出。

23. A）Management.

B）French

C）English literature

D）Public Administration

23. What was the man’s major at university

【答案】B）French.

【解析】细节题。在第二轮对话中，女士问，“what was your educational background”你是什么教育背景，男士回答说：“I did a degree in French at Nottingham.” 我在诺丁汉大学攻读了法语学位，所以男士的专业是French。

24. A）English teaching.

B）Staff training.

C）Careers guidance.

D）Psychological counseling

24. What was the man’s job in secondary schools

【答案】C）careers guidance.

【解析】细节题。在说完“I did a degree in French at Nottingham.”之后，男士又接着说“After that, I did careers guidance in secondary schools.”因此，此题的答案应为：careers guidance。

25. A）Its pleasant environment.

B）Its worldwide fame.

C）Its generous scholarship.

D）Its well-designed courses.

25. What attracted the man to Nottingham University

【答案】B）Its pleasant environment.

【解析】细节题。女士问：“Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University”你去诺丁汉大学是出于什么原因男士在回答中说到，诺丁汉是我心中理想大学之一。紧接着他就说道：“And I like the look of it.”还进一步补充说明道：“ The campus is just beautiful. ”因此，男士是因被其优雅环境所吸引而选择去诺丁汉大学。所以，本题的答案为：Its pleasant environment.

Section B

Passage One

While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form Were they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, Many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.

【听力点睛】本文主要介绍不同文化中都是如何表示尊重的，以及如何利用这点来避免跨文化交流中的误会产生。一开始先用一位美国艺术家Gail Obcamp做演讲的故事来举例子，引出对闭上眼睛这样一种动作不同的理解；继而发表了作者的看法：在和不同文化的人交流的时候，如果你懂得其他文化中是如何表达尊重的，可以避免误会；接着又是例子，是关于北美洲聋哑人是如何用动作来交流的。还有一些国家，对同样的手势会有截然不同的理解，进一步验证了作者的观点。

做这篇题目的重点在于能够迅速拎出来作者的观点。

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. What did Obcamp’s speech focus on

A) Characteristics of Japanese artists

B) Some features of Japanese culture

C) The art of Japanese brush painting

D) The uniqueness of Japanese art

【答案】C) The art of Japanese brush painting

27. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech

A) To calm themselves down

B) To enhance concentration

C) To show their impatience

D) To signal their lack of interest

【答案】B) To enhance concentration.

28. What does the speaker try to explain

A) How listeners in different cultures show respect

B) How speakers can win approval from the audience

C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience

D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are

【答案】A) How listeners in different cultures show respect.

Passage Two

Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year. First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees that Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.

【听力点睛】这篇文章讲述了Chris在职场上的一次经历。Chris在Taxlong公司负责采购和维修设备。他即将要和领导针对过去一年的工作进行一个回顾总结，他心里希望可以得到晋升。在过去这一年里，他也做了不少贡献，买了许多能够提高效率的设备，但是他手下有两个职员因为偷窃而被开除了。除此以外，公司里面还有一个女同事Kim，是他这次晋级的竞争对手，她也一样很优秀。

这篇文章没有什么生词，难度较低。题目中考察细节问题比较多，需要同学们可以准确地在看到题目之后locate文章中对应题目的是哪一部分。

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29. What is Chris’s main responsibility at Taxlong Company

A) Directing personnel evaluation.

B) Buying and maintain equipment.

C) Drawing up plans for in-service training.

D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.

【答案】 B) Buying and maintain equipment.

30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division

A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.

B) The training program he ran was failure.

C) Two of his workers were injured at work.

D) Two of his employees committed theft.

【答案】D)Two of his employees committed theft.

31. What does Chris hope for in the near future

A) A better relationship with his boss.

B) Advancement to a higher position

C) A better-paying job in another company

D) Improvement in the company’s management

【答案】B)Advancement to a higher position.

32 What do we learn about Kim from the passage

A)She has more self-confidence than Chris.

B)She works with Chris in the same division.

C)She has more management experience than Chris.

D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.

【答案】D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.

Passage Three

Proverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too. If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.

【听力点睛】这篇文章是一篇说明文。从科学客观的角度讲述了Proverb谚语的一些知识。包括它的定义-----是老一辈人传给后代的生活经验，生活价值观。不同国家，不同文化中的谚语往往可以揭示不同的价值观。如果能够理解其他文化的谚语，价值观，那么会在跨文化交际中避免很多麻烦。

作者又提到，一些谚语年代久远。其中包含的价值观随着时代的变迁可能重要性也发生了改变。并且举了Haste makes waste. 和Time is money. 这样两个例子。

作者最后再次表明，通过学习不同国家的谚语，会发现一些国家会有相同或者相似的价值观，只是有可能表达的方式有所不同而已。

这篇说明文对考生的要求在于快速划分出作者想说明的几个点。一般通常写说明文章的顺序都是先说明要点，然后用一些事实来进一步说明。

Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33. Why are proverbs so important

A) They help us see the important values of a culture.

B) They guide us in handling human relationships.

C) They help us express ourselves more effectively.

D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.

【答案】A）They help us see the important values of a culture.

34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time

A)Their wordings may become different.

B) The values they reflect may change.

C)Their origins can no longer be traced.

D) They may be misinterpreted.

【答案】B) The values they reflect may change.

35. What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world

Section C

Compound Dictation

Our lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own company, I no longer imagine I can get through a single day much less all my life completely on my own. Even if I am on vacation in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using electricity someone else is distributing to my house. Evidence of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this journey together.

As I was growing up, I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything. “Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it.

Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.

2011年6月

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

11.

M: Shawn's been trying for months to find a job. But I wonder how he could get a job when he looks like that.

W: Oh, that poor guy! He really should shave himself every other day at least and put on something clean.

Q: What do we learn about Shawn

答案：A. He is careless about his appearance.

解析： 男生 首先对肖恩能否找到工作表示怀疑，因为他邋遢。 女生 接着提到肖恩不修边幅，又说他应该每隔一天刮一次胡子，把自己弄得整洁干净一点。由此可知，肖恩是一个对仪容仪表不太注重，比较粗线条的人shave，刮胡子；be careless about不在乎，不介意；

12.

W: I wish Jane would call when she know she'll be late. This is not the first time we've had to wait for her.

M: I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here.

Q: What does the man imply

答案：A. Jane maybe caught in a traffic jam.

解析：本题是推理题，在做题时要注意仔细推敲。女生说：“Jane已经不是第一次迟到让我们等了，我希望她能事先打电话告诉我们一下”，可见女生对Jane迟到的作法是不满的。

男生又说：“I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here.”（我同意。但是她到这里的确要遭受很拥堵的交通。）由此得出，男生对此事的态度是理解或宽容的。Jane可能被堵在半路了。

13.

M: Congratulations! I heard your baseball team is going to the Middle Atlantic Championship.

W: Yeah, we're all working real hard right now!

Q: What is the woman's team doing

答案：A. Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championship.

解析：对话开头男生提到女生所在的棒球队要参加Mid-Atlantic Championship.女生说：“we're all working real hard right now!”（我们现在正紧锣密鼓地练习呢！）由此可知，女生所在的棒球队正在进行赛前训练。

此题还有一个迷惑选项B, Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip,必须注意的是：这里并不是准备旅行，而是准备参赛。

14.

W: John's been looking after his mother in the hospital. She was injured in a car accident two weeks ago and still in critical condition.

M: Oh, that's terrible. And you know his father passed away last year.

Q: What do we learn about John

答案：D. He has been having a hard time.

解析：根据听力原文可知，“John's mother is in the hospital and his father died last year.”（约翰的母亲出车祸住院了，父亲两年前也过世了）由此可见，John的近况还是蛮悲惨的；答案也就显而易见了。

15.

M: What a boring speaker! I can hardly stay awake.

W: Well, I don't know. In fact, I think it's been a long time since I've heard anyone is good.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

答案：D The woman thinks highly of the speaker

解析：根据听力原文可知，男生觉得演讲无趣，女生却很淡定地说：“其实我已经很久没有听到那么好的发言了”。由此可见，女生对发言还是很肯定的。选项D中“thinks highly of”即“对…评价高”，故D是正确答案。

16.

W: I'm having a lot of trouble with logic and it seems my professor can't explain it in a way that makes sense to me.

M: You know, there is a tutoring service on campus. I was about to drop statistics before they helped me out.

Q: What does the man mean

答案：C. The woman should seek help from tutoring services.

解析：首先女生说她逻辑学得很辛苦，接受不了老师的讲课方式也理解不了课程内容。

而后男生说学校有辅导班，他在参加之前几乎要挂科了，辅导班帮了他大忙。言下之意是推荐女生也去上辅导班。

17.

M: This is a stylish overcoat. I saw you wearing it last week, did't I

W: Oh, that wasn't me. That was my sister Jill. She's in your class.

Q: What does the woman mean

答案：C. Jill wore the overcoat last week.

解析：首先男生问女生上周是否穿过拉风外套，然后女生说：“ That was my sister Jill. She's in your class.”（那是我姐姐Jill，她和你同班）也就是说男生很有可能看到的那个穿着拉风外套的人是女生的姐姐Jill。

18.

M: Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do

W: Well, I guess I'd sell my watch or computer or do some odd jobs till I could afford a return plane ticket.

Q: What are the speakers talking about

答案：B. An imaginary situation.

解析：根据原文录音可知，对话开头男生讲到：“Jane, suppose you lost all your money while taking a vacation overseas, what would you do ”这里的"suppose"表明“假定、料想”由此可见，两人谈论的是一个虚拟场景。

Conversation One

听力原文

M: Hello, professor Johnson.

W: Hello, Tony. So what shall we work on today

M: Well, the problem is that this writing assignment isn't coming out right. What I thought I was writing on was to talk about what particular sport means to me when I participate in,

W: What sport did you choose

M: I decided to write about cross-country skiing.

W: What are you going to say about skiing

M: That's the problem. I thought I would write about how peaceful it is to be out in the country.

W: So why is that a problem

M: As I start describing how quiet it is to be out in the woods. I keep mentioning how much effort it takes to keep going. Cross-country skiing isn't as easy as some people think. It takes a lot of energy, but that's not part of my paper. So I guess I should leave it out. But now I don't know how to explain that feeling of peacefulness without explaining how hard you have to work for it. It all fits together. It's not like just sitting down somewhere and watching the clouds roll by. That's different.

W: Then you'll have to include that in your point. The peacefulness of cross-country skiing is the kind you earn by effort. Why leave that out Part of your point you knew before hand but part you discovered as you wrote. That's common, right

M: Yeah, I guess so.

Q19: What is the topic of the man's writing assignment

C) Pain and pleasure in sports

Q20: What problem does the man have while working on his paper

D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.

Q21: What does the woman say is common in writing papers

A) New ideas come up as you write.

19. D) A sport he participates in

解析：题目问的是，男生论文的主题是什么，从talk about what particular sport means to me when I participate in一句中，可得对应选项D。C选项是一个干扰项，pain and pleasure in sports, 意为运动中的痛苦与快乐，其中sports一词范围太大，对话中只谈到了cross-country skiing, 因此，C选项错。

20. D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.

解析：当男生打算将越野滑雪的艰辛剔除出论文时，教授说了一句“Then you'll have to include that in your point.”对应选项D

21. A) New ideas come up as you write.

解析：在对话的最后，教授提到“Part of your point you knew before hand but part you discovered as you wrote. That's common, right”这句话意思是说，在写论文之前，论点的一部分我们已经有了，但另一部分在写的过程中才会发现，因此，对应选项A。A选项与D选项较易混淆，但从教授的话中，我们可以看出，不是论点发生变化，而是在写作过程中，会有新的想法产生。

这篇长对话因为是围绕论文写作展开，而且涉及了一项我们中国人并不熟悉的运动，越野滑雪，因此，乍听之下，有些小抽象，小陌生。但细听之后，我们会发现，文中有一大段都提到了男生在写作中遇到的纠结处，那就是越野滑雪的畅快和由此所付出的艰辛，文章的主旨自然呼之欲出了。

这篇对话主要考察对文章大意的理解，而不是纠结于一词一句的得失，因此，大家在做题时，也要注意把握主干，不要因为听到了一个自己不太熟悉的运动就舍本逐末。

Conversation Two

W: Good evening and welcome to this week's Business World.

It program for and about business people. Tonight we have Mr. Angeleno who came to the US six years ago, and is now an established businessman with three restaurants in us Mr. Angeleno, how did you get started

M: Well I started off with a small diner. I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. It was really too much work for two people. My cooking is great. And word got around town about the food. Within a year, I had to hire another cook and four waitresses. When that restaurant became very busy, I decided to expand my business. Now with three places my main concern is keeping the business successful and running smoothly.

W: Do you advertise

M: Oh yes. I don't have any TV commercials, because they are too expensive. But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. My children used to distribute ads. in nearby shopping centres, but we don't need to do that anymore.

W: Why do you believe you've been so successful

M: Em, I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back.

W: So you always aim to please the customers

M: Absolutely!Without them I would have no business at all.

W: Thank you think your advice will be helpfull to those just staring out in business.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22 What is the woman's occupation

D) Hostess of the weekly “Business World”

23 what do we learn about 's business at its beginning

B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.

24 what does Mr. Angeleno say about advertising his business.

B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.

25 What does the man say contribute to his success

B) The restaurant atmosphere

22. D) Hostess of the weekly “Business World”

解析：从对话中可以听出，这是一个访谈节目，因此这个女性是节目主持人。

23. B) He and his wife did everything by themselves.

解析：题目问的是，刚开始的时候，Angeleno的生意怎么样对话中提到，I did all the cooking myself and my wife waited on tables. Angeleno负责做菜，他妻子负责接待，对应选项B。

24. B) He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.

解析：从But I advertise a lot on radio and in local newspapers. 一句中，可以得到对应选项。

25. B) The restaurant atomsphere

解析：题目问的是，什么有助于餐厅的成功对话中提到，I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back. 可见，Angeleno会提供尽可能新鲜的食物和舒适的用餐环境以吸引顾客，因此，对应选项B，也许，有童鞋会问，为什么不选C注意，C选项是指各种各样的食物，与文意中“新鲜的食物”不符，是错误选项。

这篇对话是一篇较为简单的访谈节目，主要涉及一些细节问题，其中，关键细节包括餐馆经营情况，广告宣传情况等，也是考点所在。童鞋们在听时，可以相应地做些简单的笔记，从而准确地选出选项。

Section B

Passage One

There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes.

We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in dim light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight.

Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. There are close to one million nerve fibres that connect the eyeball to the brain, as of yet it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible.

篇章类型及提要：论证文

听力点睛：

本文主要介绍关于纠正一些对眼镜及视力的常识的错误认识。注意文章首句"There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts." 通常这种文章首句就是主旨句。这是做听力短文题必须要高度关注的。接下去可以推测下面内容必然围绕主题句展开，通过举例等来论证作者要表明的观点。所以听的时候也要高度专注那些关键词句，如for instance, however, but, evidence, although, Studies show that...这些关键词句后面的内容是听力常考的地方。最后文章给出一个总结句呼吁人们破除固有的一些认识，去更多了解我们的眼睛，头尾呼应。

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. What does the speaker want to tell us about eyesight

答案：C）There are many false notions about it.

解析：从"eyesight" 可以把答案定位于第一段，关键词有"weakens the eyes" "loss of vision". 注意题目中是问speaker要告诉我们的，所以不要被some people believe...误导，看清题目要问什么很重要。容易混淆的是A选项，文中提到如果孩子戴不合适的眼镜会使孩子的视力减弱，但并没有提到孩子经常忽视保护视力。B、D选项文中没有提及，可以排除。

27. What do studies about wearing the wrong glasses show

答案：C）It can lead to the loss of vision in children.

解析：本题关键词是"studies" "wearing the wrong glasses". 文章中作者很明显地给出了"Studies show that for adults..." 因此了解这个后面的内容，做出本题难度不大。文中说到 "for adults there is no danger" ，因此排除B选项。"there is no evidence... the structure of eyes is changed" "it does not permanently damage eyesight"可以排除D选项，注意如果漏听了no，很可能就会选错。A选项前文没有提及，可以排除。

do we learn about eye transplanting from the talk

答案：D）It can only be partly accomplished now.

解析：本题关键词"eye transplanting"，迅速定位于听力后面部分。A、B、C选项文中没有提及，排除。文章最后部分"Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced" "Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced"可以推断出答案是D选项。

Passage Two

When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discover that the wife normally tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can in order not to use up their life savings. Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affectionate and cooperative. However, even when caregiving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn to state their needs and opinions clearly and ask for help from others especially brothers and sisters. Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they may not know what to do

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29. Why are adult children more likely to use community services to help care for elderly parents

答案：D）They have jobs and other commitments.

解析：细节题。本题询问原因，文章开头很快就给出了本题答案"because they often have jobs and other responsibilities." 注意D选项中的commitments的意思是 “承诺，保证；承担义务”和responsibilities意思相近。这也是四级考试中常见的选项设置，用同义词或近义词替换掉文中的词汇。这要求考试在备考时，重点词汇及其同义词反义词都要有所了解。其他选项文中没有提及，可排除。

30. Why are most wives unwilling to put their dependent husbands into nursing homes

答案：A) They don't want to use up all their life savings.

解析：细节题。关键词"wives"" husbands"。本题不难，文章中已经直接给出答案" in order not to use up their life savings"。

31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do

31. According to the passage, what must caregivers learn to do

答案：C）Be frank and seek help from others.

解析：关键词"caregivers""learn to do"，问看护人应该要学会做的事情，然后迅速定位于最后部分，"One consideration is to ask..."，"Caregivers must also learn to state..." 主要有两件事情，C选项是其中一个，另外一个选项中没有，排除A、B和D选项。

Passage Three

Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections. My coworkers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety hazards in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about 7 hours a day. The supervisor of the laboratory is beginning to get headaches and dizzy spells because she says it's dangerous to breathe some of the chemical smoke there. An X-rays technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment. She insists that it's exposing workers to unnecessarily high doses of radiation. She thinks that she may have to contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and asked that government agency to inspect the department. I've heard that at a factory in the area two pregnant women who were working with paint requested a transfer to a safer department, because they wanted to prevent damage to their unborn babies. The supervisor of personnel refused the request. In another firm the workers were constantly complaining about the malfunctioning heating system, but the owners was too busy or too mean to do anything about it. Finally, they all met an agree to wear ski-clothing to work the next day. The owner was too embarrassed to talk to his employees. But he had the heating system replaced right away.

Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

32 What does the talk focus on

A) Health and safety conditions in workplace.

解析：主旨题。本题简单，了解了文章主要内容后，就可以直接选出答案。注意不要被文章中员工们得对工作环境的complaints影响而混淆了。

33 What did the X-ray technician ask her company to do

Replace its out-dated equipments.

答案：A）Replace its out-dated equipments.

解析：细节题。作者有直接读出答案，比较简单。

34 What does the speaker say about the two pregnant women working with paint

A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.

答案：A) They requested to transfer to a safer department.

解析：细节题。作者有直接读出答案，比较简单。注意选B选项的同学可能犯了想当然的错误。做题还是要按照文章的事实根据来。

35 Why did the workers in the firm wear ski-clothing to work

C) To protest against the poor working conditions.

答案：C）To protest against the poor working conditions.

解析：推理题。本题容易误选D选项。因为是heating system出了故障。但通过下文"too embarrassed""had the heating system replaced right away" 从老板的反应及采取的措施可以推断出，员工们穿滑雪服地原因其实为对差的工作环境向老板提出抗议。

Section C Compound Dictation

Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts（宇航员） some day may survive so long in space that they would return to an earth of the distant future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still, if you could move faster than light, your time would move backward.

Although no form of matter yet discovered, moves as fast as or faster than light, scientific experiments has already confirmed that accelerated motion causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein predicted this in 1905, when he introduced the concept of relative time as part of his special theory of relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past. An obsession with time - saving, gaining, wasting, losing and mastering it - seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock. Thus time and time's relativity are measurable by any hour glass, alarm clock, or atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.

本文提要：

本篇属于科技类文章，主要围绕时间和运动的关系展开；用谚语开篇引出全文，很有吸引力。中间引用爱因斯坦的相对论相关概念，具体阐述主题。

答案：

36. survive

解析：文章描述：运动越快，时间变慢得也更快，这也就意味着宇航员有朝一日可以在太空中生存（survive）很久，如此一来他们就可以在遥远（distant）的未来重返地球。

37. distant

解析：这个空在future 前面，所以预判该填形容词常用搭配无非near，close， distant等 ，根据听力原文，如上所述，确定是遥远的未来；填distant。

38. backward

解析：速度达到光速，时间静止；根据常识推断，若速度快于光速，那么时间将后退，即move backward，根据听力原文可确定这一推断。

39. discovered

解析：空缺部分作后置定语，从音频可知是发现(discovered)，用其过去完成时态。

40. scientific

解析：该空后接名词，应为形容词，scientific。

41. motion

解析：

原文描述，实验已证明运动加快会使宇航员的时间延长。这里的运动为motion。

42. predicted

解析：爱因斯坦在1905年时作出预测，用过去时predicted。

43. introduced

解析：这是爱因斯坦提出的一个相对时间的概念，用过去时introduced。

44. that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might serve as our passports to the past.

解析：当下进行的研究旨在证实，是否有这样的物质，即能以超光速运行，并可以作为我们回归过去的“通行证”。填句只需意思相近就可以，关键抓住核心：超光速运行，可帮助人类回到过去。

45. seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as human have existed.

解析：人类对时间的节约，获取，浪费以及流失等的着迷，自人类诞生以来就一直是其生活的一部分。核心：人类诞生以来就一直存在的，如影随形的。

46. used a definition of time for experimental purposes, as that which is measured by a clock.

解析：人类也对时间的含义非常着迷，爱因斯坦就曾提出一个试验性的定义，这个定义下的时间可以用钟表来测量。核心意思：试验性的定义，可以用钟表来测量。

解题密钥：

听类似文章时首先要注意把握逻辑结构，也即听第一遍听时把握大意，先不要急于填写所有空缺，重点是要缕清思路，听懂文章在说什么，记录关键信息词；有了对文章整体的把握后，第二遍听时就容易许多，这时就可以把空缺进量补齐，注意填句部分不一定非得按原文填写，只要意思相近就行；第三遍是最后一遍，此时要边听边检查已填写空缺，另外也可补填遗漏。

听力音频结束后，可对所填词汇进行检查，此时主要根据语法知识保证词形，词性准确无误；另外也可重新组织语句，完善填句部分。

2010年12月

11.

M: Oh my god! The heat is simply unbearable here. I wish we’ve gone to the beach instead.

W: Well, with the museums and restaurants in Washington I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.

Q：What does the woman mean

12.

M: How’s the new job going

W: Well, I’m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give me some feedback.

Q：What does the woman want to know

13.

M: Can you help me work out a physical training program John

W: Sure, but whatever you do be careful not to overdo it. Last time I had two weeks’ worth of weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself.

Q: What does the man suggest the woman do

: I have an elderly mother and I’m worried about her going on a plane. Is there any risk

W: Not if her heart is all right. If she has a heart condition, I’d recommend against it.

Q: What does the man want to know about his mother

15.

M: Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads

W: Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded. Anyway, do I have to pay a fine

Q: what do we learn from the conversation

16.

M: I’m no expert, but that noise in your refrigerator doesn’t sound right. Maybe you should have it fixed.

W: You’re right. And I suppose I’ve put it off long enough.

Q: What will the woman probably do

17.

M: I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment. Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.

W: Congratulations！Does that mean you’ll be moving soon

Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation

18.

W: My hand still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday. I wonder if I broke something.

M: I’m no doctor, but it’s not black and blue or anything. Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days.

Q: what do we learn about the woman from the conversation

长对话 （19~21）

M: Mrs. Dawson, thanks very much for coming down to the station. I just like to go over some of the things that you told police officer Parmer at the bank.

W: All right.

M: Well, could you describe the man who robbed the bank for this report that we’re filling out here Now, anything at all that you can remember would be extremely helpful to us.

W: Well, just, I can only remember basically what I said before.

M: That’s all right.

W: The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.

M: Very good. All right, did he have any other distinguishing marks

W: Um, no, none that I can remember.

M: Do you remember how old he was by any chance

W: Well, I guess around 30, maybe younger, give or take a few years.

M: Mm, all right. Do you remember anything about what he was wearing

W: Yes, yes, he had on a dark sweater, a solid color.

M: OK. Um, anything else that strikes you at the moment

W: I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater. Yes, yes.

M: All right. Mrs. Dawson, I really appreciate what you’ve been through today. I’m just going to ask you to look at some photographs before you leave if you don’t mind. It won’t take very long. Can you do that for me

W: Oh, of course.

M: Would you like to step this way with me, please

W: OK, sure.

M: Thank you.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. What do we learn about the woman

20. What did the suspect look like

21. What did the man finally asked the woman to do

长对话 （22~25）

W: Good morning, I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.

M: Well, could you tell me your name

W: Candidate Foreset.

M: Oh yes. What exactly is it that interests you about the job

W: Well, I thought it was just right for me.

M: Really Um… Could you tell me a little about yourself

W: Yes. I’m 23. I’ve been working abroad.

M: Where exactly have you been working

W: In Geneva.

M: Oh, Geneva. And what were you doing there

W: Secretarial work. Previous to that, I was at university.

M: Which university was that

W: The University of Manchester. I’ve got a degree in English.

M: You said you’ve been working in Geneva. Do you have any special reason for wanting to come back

W: I thought it would be nice to be near to the family.

M: I see, and how do you see yourself developing in this job

W: Well, I’m ambitious. I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management.

M: I see. You have foreign languages

W: French and Italian.

M: Well, I think the best thing for you to do is do reply a writing to the advertisement.

W: Can’t I arrange for an interview now

M: Well, I’m afraid we must wait until all the applications are in, in writing, and then decide on the short list. If you are on the short list, of course we should see you.

W: Oh, I see.

M: I look forward to receiving your application in writing in a day or two.

W: Oh, yes, yes, certainly.

M: Ok, thank you very much. Goodbye.

W: Thank you. Goodbye.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22. How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy

23. Why did the woman find the job appealing

24. What had the woman been doing in Geneva

25. What was the woman asked to do in the end

Section B

Passage One

One of the greatest heartbreaks for fire fighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child, frightened by smoke and noise, hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead. Saddest of all is when children catch a glimpse of the masked the fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster. To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire. He displays fire fighters’ equipment, including the oxygen mask, which he encourages his listeners to play with and put on. “If you see us,” Velez tells them, “don’t hide! We are not monsters. We have come to rescue you.” Velez gives his presentations in English and Spanish. Growing up in San Francisco, he learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents. Velez and other fire fighters throughout North America, who give similar presentations, will never know how many lives they save through their talks. But it’s a fact that informative speaking saves lives. For example, several months after listening to an informative speech, Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food, by using the method taught by student speaker, Julie Paris. In addition to saving lives, informative speakers help people learn new skills, solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live.

26 Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters

27 What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez

28 What do we learn about Pete Gentry

29 What message is the speaker trying to convey

Passage Two

Some people want to make and save a lot of money in order to retire early. I see people pursuing higher paying and increasingly demanding careers to accomplish this goal. They make many personal sacrifices in exchange for income today. The problem is that tomorrow might not come. Even if it all goes according to plan, will you know how to be happy when you are not working if you spend your entire life making money More importantly, who will be around for you to share your leisure time with At the other extreme are people who live only for today. Why bother saving when I might not be here tomorrow, they argue. The danger of this approach is that tomorrow may come after all. And most people don't want to spend all their tomorrows working for a living. The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older. You maybe surprise to hear me say that if you must pick an extreme I think it's better to pick the spend-all approach. As long as you don't mind continuing to work, assuming your health allows, you should be OK. At least, you are making use of your money, and hopefully deriving value and pleasure from it. Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake. It may never come. Retirement can be a great time for some people. For others, it is a time of boredom, loneliness and poor health.

30 Why do some people pursue higher paying but demanding careers

31 What is the danger facing people who live only for today

32 What does the speaker seem to advocate

Passage Three

Imagine that someone in your neighborhood broke the law, and the judge put the whole neighborhood under suspicion. How fair will that be Well, it happens everyday to high schoolers. Just because some students have stolen things in shops, all of us are treated like thieves. Even though I’d never steal.

Store employees looked at me like I’m some kind of hardened criminal. For example, during one lunch period, my friend Denny and I went to the Graben Gore Restaurant to have a hot dog. We arrived to find a line of students waiting outside. A new sign in the window told the story. “No more than two students at a time”. After 15 minutes, we finally got in. But the store manger laid the evil eye on us. I asked him about the new sign, and he said, “You kids are stealing too much stuff.” You kids Too much stuff We were not only assumed to be thieves, but brilliant, greedy thieves. The most annoying thing though, is the way employees watched my friends and me. It’s horrible.

Once, at a drug store, I was looking around and found a guy standing on a large box, stocking the shelves. He was watching my hands, more than he was watching his own. I showed him that my hands were empty. He got down off his box and rushed off, as if he was going to get the store manger. How crazy is that!

33. What does the speaker find to be unfair

34. What measure did the Graben Gore Restaurant take to stop stealing

35. What happened in a drug store that greatly annoyed the speaker

Section C

Writing keeps us in touch with other people. We write to communicate with relatives and friends. We write to preserve our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and appreciate their heritage. With computers and Internet connections in so many households, colleges, and businesses, people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time -- or talking to them in writing in online chat rooms. It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more convenient than waiting until Sunday for the telephone rates to drop. Students are e-mailing their professors to receive and discuss their classroom assignments and to submit them. They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate on homework. They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.

Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter. A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts. No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, "I want you to know that I care about you." This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts, but only in the success of human relationships.

2010年6月四级

短对话原文及解析

11. W: Just imagine! We have to finish reading 300 pages before Monday! How can the professor expect us to do it in such a short time

M: Yeah, but what troubles me is that I can’t find the book in the library or in the university bookstore.

Q: What does the man mean

D) He cannot get access to the assigned book. get access to指“获得，走近，接近，能够利用某物”。

12. M: Do you think I could borrow your car to go grocery shopping The supermarkets outside the city are so much cheaper. I’d also be happy to pick up anything you need.

W: Well, I don’t like to let anyone else drive my car. Tell you what, why don’t we go together

Q: What does the woman mean

C) She will drive the man to the supermarket.

13. M: Forgive the mess in here, we had a party last night. There were a lot of people and they all brought food.

W: Yeah, I can tell. Well, I guess it’s pretty obvious what you’ll be doing most of today.

Q: What does the woman think the man will do

C) Tidy up the place.

14. W: What time would suit you for the first round talks with John Smith

M: Well, you know my schedule. Other than this Friday, one day is as good as the next.

Q: What does the man mean

C) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.

15. W: I was so angry yesterday! My biology teacher did not even let me explain why I missed the field trip. He just wouldn’t let me pass!

M: That doesn’t seem fair. I’d feel that way too if I were you.

Q: What does the man imply

D) He understands the woman’s feelings.

16. M: I really can’t stand the way David controls the conversation all the time. If he is going to be at your Christmas party, I just won’t come.

W: I’m sorry you feel that way, but my mother insists that he come.

Q: What does the woman imply

A) She has to invite David to the party.

17. W: You’re taking a course with Professor Johnson. What’s your impression so far

M: Well, many students can hardly stay awake in his class without first drinking a cup of coffee.

Q: What does the man imply

B) Many students find Prof. Johnson’s lectures boring.

18. W: Have you ever put a computer together before

M: No, never. But I think if we follow these instructions exactly, we won’t have much trouble.

Q: What are the speakers going to do  

D) Assemble a computer.

长对话第一篇：

W: What sort of hours do you work, Steve

M: Oh, I have to work very long hours, about 11 hours a day.

W: What time do you start

M: I work 9 to 3. Then I start again at 5:30 and work until 11. Six days a week. So I have to work very unsocial hours.

W: And do you have to work at the weekend

M: Oh, yes, that’s our busiest time. I get Wednesdays off.

W: What are the things you have to do, and the things you don’t have to do

M: Eh, I don’t have to do the washing-up, so that’s good. I have to wear white and I have to keep everything in the kitchen totally clean.

W: What’s hard about the job

M: You’re standing up all the time. When we’re busy, people get angry and sharp. But that’s normal.

W: How did you learn the profession

M: Well, I did a two year course at college. In the first year, we had to learn the basics. And then we had to take the exams.

W: Was it easy to find a job

M: I wrote to about six hotels. And one of them gave me my first job. So I didn’t have to wait too long.

W: And what’s the secret of being good at your job

M: Attention to detail and you have to love it. You have to show passion for it. And what are your plans for the future

M: I want to have my own place when the time is right.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. What does the man say about his job

20. What does the man think is the hardest part of his job

21. Where did the man get his first job after graduation

22. What does the man say is important to being good at his job

19. A) It requires him to work long hours.

男士开头便说“I have to work very long hours”，因此选B。

20. A) It demands physical endurance and patience.

女士问及工作哪个部分会比较难时，男士回答道他需要一直站着，同时在他们忙的时候，别人会变得易怒，也就是说这份工作需要体力和耐心。

21. D) In a hotel.

由文中“I wrote to about six hotels and one of them gave me my first job”可得出答案。

22. B) Paying attention to every detail.

由男士的回答“ Attention to detail”可得知，B选项恰好与“attention to detail”同义。

解析：本篇长对话可以归入求职场景，对话形式为访谈。根据我们昂立四级课堂上为大家强调的“首尾技巧”，长对话开头结尾个设置了一题，即19题和22题，所以这两道题目对于考生来说，还是比较容易把握的。第20题的题干 “What does the man think is the hardest part of his job”, 与听力原文 “What’s hard about the job” 措辞基本一致，答案比容交易抓住，原文为 “You’re standing up all the time. When we’re busy, people get angry and sharp. But that’s normal.”, 意为“你总是站着；繁忙的时候，客人会生气，变得尖刻，但是这很正常”，对应的正确答案进行了抽象化概括，为“It demands physical endurance and patience.”，意思是“这份工作需要体力上的耐力和耐心”。

长对话第二篇：

W: Now you’ve seen this table of figures about the pocket money children in Britain get

M: Yes. I thought it was quite interesting, but I don’t quite understand the column entitled “change”. Can you explain what it means

W: Well, I think it means the change from the year before. I’m not a mathematician, but I assume the rise from 72p to 90p, is the rise of 25%.

M: Oh, yes, I see. And the inflation rate is there for comparison.

W: Yes. Why do you think the rise in pocket money is often higher than inflation

M: I’m sorry, I’ve no idea. Perhaps parents in Britain are too generous.

W: Perhaps they are. But it looks as if children were a lot better off in 2001 than they were in 2002. That’s strange, isn’t it And they seemed to have been better off in 2003 than they are now. I wonder why that is.

M: Yes, I don’t understand that at all.

W: Anyway, if you had children, how much pocket money would you give them

M: I don’t know. I think I probably give them two pounds a week.

W: Would you And what would you expect them to do with it

M: Well, out of that they have to buy some small personal things. But I wouldn’t expect them to save to buy their own socks for example.

W: Yes. By the way, do most children in your country get pocket money

M: Yeah, they do.

Questions 23 to question 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard:

23: What is the table of figures about

24: What do we learn from the conversation about British children’s pocket money

25: Supposing the man had children, what would he expect them to do with their pocket money

23. D) The pocket money British children get.

原题为 What is the table of figures about 意思是：这个表格是关于什么的根据第一句话Now you’ve seen this table of figures about the pocket money children in Britain get 我们可以知道这个表格是关于英国孩子的零花钱情况的。

24. B) It often rises higher than inflation.

原题为What do we learn from the conversation about British children’s pocket money 意思是：从对话中我们可以了解到有关英国孩子零花钱的哪些信息原文中女性说话人说“Why do you think the rise in pocket money is often higher than inflation ”意思是：“你觉得为什么零花钱通常要比通货膨胀涨的更高呢”据此我们可以判断英国孩子的零花钱比通货膨胀涨的更高，答案应选C.

25. B) Pay for small personal things.

原题为Supposing the man had children, what would he expect them to do with their pocket money 对话中男性说话人说“…out of that, they have to buy some small personal things, but I wouldn’t expect them to save to buy their own socks, for example.”意思是“我希望他们用零花钱去买一些小的个人物品，但我不希望他们把钱存起来去买他们自己的短袜等”。据此我们可以判断答案选B.

解析：本篇长对话讨论英国儿童的零花钱（pocket money），两人讨论的是一张数据表（table of figures），里面出现了四级高频词“inflation (通货膨胀)”。23题的答案就是speaker张嘴第一句话，“Now you’ve seen this table of figures about the pocket money children in Britain get”,可以说是送给考生的一道题目。对话里提到英国儿童零花钱上升的速度要超过该国通货膨胀的速度。同样，最后一题的答案也是出现在对话结尾。

2010年6月大学英语四级真题答案及解析——短文解析

Passage 1

As the new sales director for a national computer firm, Alex Gordon was looking forward to his first meeting with the company’s district managers. Every one arrived on time and Alex’s presentation went extremely well. He decided to end the meeting with a conversation about the importance of the district managers to the company’s plans. “I believe we’re going to continue to increase our share of the market”, he began, “Because of the quality of the people in this room. The district manager is the key to the success of the sales representatives in his district. He sets the tone for everyone else. If he has ambitious goals and is willing to put in long hours, everyone in his unit will follow his example.” When Alex was finished, he received polite applause but hardly the warm response he had hoped for. Later, he spoke with one of the senior managers. “Things were going so well until the end”, Alex said disappointedly, “Obviously I said the wrong thing.” “Yes”, the district manager replied, “Half of our managers are women. Most have worked the way up from sales representatives and they are very proud of the role they’ve played in the company’s growth. They don’t care at all about the political correctness but they are definitely surprised and distressed to be referred to as “he” in your speech.”

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. Who did Alex Gordon speak to at the first meeting

27. What did Alex want to emphasize at the end of his presentation

28. What do we learn about the audience at the meeting

29. Why did Alex fail to receive the warm response he had hoped for

26. B) District managers

该题比较简单，文章开头说到Alex期盼着与district managers的会议，因此正确答案为A项。

27. A) The important part played by district managers

文章中提到在会议结束时，Alex打算以“the conversation about the importance of the district managers to the company plans”来结束会议，可见他打算强调district managers在公司计划中所起的重要作用。因此D项正确。

28. D) Fifty percent of them were female

此题比较简单，文章中后面说道“Half of our managers are women”， 而参加会议的基本上都是那些district managers，由此可判断，会议的听众有一半是女性，所以此题选B项。

29. A) He was not gender sensitive

文章最后一句说这些女性district managers听到Alex总用“he”来指代“district managers”感到surprised和distressed（痛苦的，苦恼的），由此可见Alex失败的原因是由于他对于涉及到性别的用词不够敏感所造成的。

Passage 2

The way to complain is to act business-like and important. If your complaint is immediate, suppose you got the wrong order at a restaurant, make a polite but firm request to see the manager. When the manager comes, ask his or her name and then state your problem, and what you expect to have done about it. Be polite. Shouting or acting rude will get you nowhere. But also be firm in making your complaint. Besides, act important. This doesn’t mean to put on airs and say, “Do you know who I am” What it means is that people are often treated the way they expect to be treated. If you act like someone who expects a fair request be granted, chances are it will be granted. The worst way to complain is over the telephone. You are speaking to a voice coming from someone you can not see, so you can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting. It is easy for that person to give you a run-around. Complaining in person or by letter is generally more effective. If your complaint does not require an immediate response, it often helps to complain by letter. If you have an appliance that doesn’t work, send a letter to the store that sold it. Be business-like and stick to the point. Don’t spend a paragraph on how your Uncle Joe tried to fix the problem and couldn’t.

Question 30: What does the speaker suggest you do when you are not served properly at a restaurant

Question 31: Why does the speaker say the worst way to complain is over the telephone

Question 32: What should you do if you make a complaint by letter

30. B) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly

此题比较简单，原文中提到在餐馆遇到上错菜时，应该“make a polite but firm request to see the manage”,和C项所说完全一致。

31. D) You can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting

此题相对简单，答案基本上是原句，“So you can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting.”

32. A) Stick to the point

此题属于原文再现，原文最后建议写投诉信时，应当“be business-like and stick to the point”，即围绕自己的要点来说，而不要说些无关紧要的废话，因此应该选D项。

Passage 3

Barbara Santos is a wife and the mother of 2 children, ages 2 and 4. Her husband, Tom, is an engineer and makes an excellent salary. Before Barbara had children, she worked as an architect for the government, designing government housing. She quit her job when she became pregnant, but is now interested in returning to work. She’s been offered an excellent job with the government. Her husband feels it’s unnecessary for her to work since the family does not need the added income. He also thinks that a woman should stay home with her children. If Barbara feels the need to do socially important work, he thinks that she should do volunteer work one or two days a week. Barbara, on the other hand, has missed the excitement of her profession, and does not feel she would be satisfied doing volunteer work. She would also like to have her own income, so she does not have to ask her husband for money whenever she wants to buy something. She does not think it’s necessary to stay home every day with the children, and she knows a very reliable babysitter who’s willing to come to her house. Tom does not think a babysitter can replace a mother, and thinks it’s a bad idea for the children to spend so much time with someone who’s not part of the family.

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33. What was Barbara’s profession before she had children

34. What does Barbara’s husband suggest she do if she wants to work

35. What does Tom think about hiring a babysitter

33. C) Architect

从原文“Before Barbara had children, she worked as an architect for the government, designing government housing”可以得知。

34. C) Do some volunteer work.

从原文“If Barbara feels the need to do socially important work, he thinks that she should do volunteer work one or two days a week.”可以得知。

35. C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.

36. curious 37. figuring 38. independent 39. unusual 40. interacting 41. formal 42. abstract

43. mystery 44. and he has found out how it works and learned to use it appropriately

45. by trying it out and seeing whether it works by gradually changing it and refining it

46. including many of the concepts that the schools think only they can teach him

2009年12月大学英语四级

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　试题详解

　　11. A) Get some small change. A)换取零钱。

　　B) Find a shopping center. B)找一个购物中心。

　　C) Cash a check at a bank. C)在银行兑现支票。

　　D) Find a parking meter. D) 找一个停车计费器。

　　M: Excuse me. Do you have change for a ten-dollar note I need to pay the parking meter.

　　W: I’m sorry, but I think you can get it through the money changer in the shopping center across the street.

　　Q: What is the man trying to do

　　男士：打扰一下，你能给我换开一张10美元的钞票吗我需要支付停车费。

　　女士：很抱歉，但我觉得你可以到马路对面的购物中心里的货币兑换中换取零钱。

　　问题：男士要干什么

　　【词汇点拨】parking meter 停车计费器;cash a check 支票兑现;change n. 零钱

　　12. A) Shopping with his son. A) 与儿子一起购物。

　　B) Buying a gift for a child. B) 给孩子买礼物。

　　C) Promoting a new product. C) 促销新产品。

　　D) Bargaining with a salesgirl. D) 与女售货员讨价还价。

　　【听音指导】预览选项，可发现均缺少主语，与11题一样，属于细节题加建议题型，直接寻找相似场景即可，可快速排除选项C，因为只有C选项是关于“出售”(促销)，而其它选项都和“购买”有关;答案应在选项A、B、D中。

　　【正确项分析】女士话语仍具有绝对指导意义，非常简单的建议考点，竟然直接用到了suggest，其后必有答案，女生提到toy train和brand，加上男生说的school boy，可确定答案为选项B。

　　【干扰项分析】A选项中的son是无中生有，切忌主观猜测。选项D可在听时排除，原文中并无任何涉及关于“还价”或具体金额的内容。

　　【原文及译文】

　　M: Can you recommend something that a school boy of 7 or 8 will really like

　　W: I’d suggest this toy train, sir. It’s an excellent brand. Very popular all over the world these days.

　　Q: What is the man doing

　　男士：你能给我推荐一个七八岁学童真正喜欢的东西吗

　　女士：我给你推荐这款玩具火车。这是一个优秀的品牌。在世界各地都非常受欢迎。

　　问题：男士正在做什么

　　【词汇点拨】recommend v. 推荐;brand n. 品牌;promote v. 促销;bargain v. 讨价还价

　　13. A) Taking photographs. A) 拍照。

　　B) Enhancing images. B) 突显形象。

　　C) Mending cameras. C) 修理相机。

　　D) Painting pictures. D) 画画。

　　【听音指导】选项仍均缺少主语，属于细节考查题。选项D与其他三项明显不同，可初步排除。第一句由女士发出，需仔细聆听，原文提到taking pictures(拍照)，由此确定话题方向。

　　【正确项分析】女士说话中提到taking pictures，与选项A中的taking photographs一致，答案为A选项。

　　【原文及译文】

　　W: Do you let people know when you’re taking pictures of them

　　M: I try not to. You know any picture of a person who poses for the camera would look dull and unnatural.

　　Q: What are the speakers talking about

　　女士：你给人们拍照时，会让他们知道吗

　　男士：尽量不让他们知道。你也知道一个人为拍照摆出的姿势看起来呆滞、不自然。

　　问题：讲话人在谈论什么

　 【词汇点拨】pose v. 摆姿势 n. 姿势，姿态;enhance v. 提高，加强;image n. 图像，形象

　　14. A) He moved to Baltimore when he was young. A) 他年轻的时候搬到巴尔的摩。

　　B) He can provide little useful information. B) 他提供不了太多有用信息。

　　C) He will show the woman around Baltimore. C) 他将领女士参观巴尔的摩。

　　D) He will ask someone else to help the woman. D) 他将找其他人来帮助女士。

　　【听音指导】此题考查意义解释题加转折题型，此类题型答案多为“听见什么不选什么”。 本题需要对考生有一定的实力要求，属于可“失分”的题目。关注动词 move to，provide，show around和ask。

　　【正确项分析】经典转折考法，直接用but定位答案即可，男生说自己当时还很年轻，言下之意自己对当地情况不够了解。答案为B选项。

　　【干扰项分析】根据四级听力中短对话“尾词错误原则”，即结尾内容听得越清楚越不能选，可顺利排除A选项。选项C没有提及。选项D与选项B为相似项，其中应有答案，男士并未主动提出找人帮忙，故排除选项D。

　　【原文及译文】

　　W: I need to talk to someone who knows Baltimore well. I’m told you lived there.

　　M: Oh, but I was really young at the time

　　Q: What does the man mean

　　女士：我需要找个非常了解巴尔的摩的人。我听说你曾在那里居住过。

　　男士：哦，但是我那时候太年轻了。

　　问题：男士是什么意思

　　【词汇点拨】show around 领……参观

15. A) He is rather disappointed. A) 他非常失望。

　　B) He is highly ambitious. B) 他很有抱负。

　　C) He can’t face up to the situation. C) 他不能面对处境。

　　D) He knows his own limitation. D) 他知道自己的不足。

　　【听音指导】预读四个选项时只有B提到了“正面、积极”的方向，可初步排除。选项预读较难，但本题属于经典转折题型，关注相应标志词即可。but出现表示“前否后肯”，直接用but定位答案，就可选出正确选项。

　　【正确项分析】原文是“承担责任前需要积累更多经验”，表明他知道自己的不足之处，与选项D同义。

　　【干扰项分析】A选项中是rather，与原文的a little 不一致，可排除。C选项原文中未曾提及。

　　【原文及译文】

　　W: Aren’t you disappointed that you didn’t get the promotion

　　M: Maybe a little, but I know I need more experience before I’m ready for that kind of responsibility.

　　Q: What do we learn about the man from this conversation

　　女士：你没有被提升，不觉得失望吗

　　男士：可能有一点，但我觉得承担责任前需要积累更多经验。

　　问题：从此对话可以得知男士的什么信息

　 【词汇点拨】disappointed a. 失望的;ambitious a. 有雄心的;promotion n. 晋升;responsibility n. 责任

　　16. A) She must have paid a lot for the gym. A) 她一定在健身房花了很多钱。

　　B) She is known to have a terrific figure. B) 她以身材好而闻名。

　　C) Her gym exercise has yielded good results. C) 她的健身锻炼取得了很好的效果。

　　D) Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy. D) 她努力健身的做法值得称赞。

　　【听音指导】预读四个选项，可知选项A与其他三项明显不同，可初步排除。选项B、C都是关于锻炼效果极佳的表达，按照惯例其中应该有答案。本题为意义解释题，同义替换是答案。

　　【正确项分析】男士提到your effort has paid off，这与选项C中的has yielded good results一致，故选择C项。

　　【干扰项分析】男士赞扬女士身材好，但未曾提到她以此闻名，B选项可排除。男士也未称赞她的作法，故排除选项D。

　　【原文及译文】

　　W: I’ve been working out the gym since January. I was a bit out of shape.

　　M: You look terrific. It seems that your effort has paid off.

　　Q: What does the man imply about the woman

　　女士：我从一月份一直在健身房锻炼。我之前都有些走形了。

　　男士：现在你看起来很棒。看来你的努力没有白费。

　　问题：男士暗示女士什么

　　【词汇点拨】gym n. 健身房;yield v. 产生;keep fit 保持体型;work out 体育锻炼;out of shape 走形，走样;pay off 得到好结果

　　17. A) Female students are unfit for studying physics. A) 女学生不适合学习物理。

　　B) He can serve as the woman’s tutor. B) 他可以担当女士的家庭教师。

　　C) Physics is an important course at school. C) 在学校，物理是一门很重要的学科。

　　D) The professor’s suggestion is constructive. D) 教授的建议是有建设性的。

　　【听音指导】本题选项预读最难，找不出明显的相反或相似选项，听前可暂时确定两组方向。选项A、C与物理有关，选项B、D是导师的建议，待场景明确后再排除。

　　【正确项分析】首句用到suggest接着说到tutor场景明确，和选项B、D有关，排除选项A、C。首句Professor Clark suggested I get a tutor for advanced physics，可知答案为选项D。

　　【原文及译文】

　　W: Professor Clark suggested I get a tutor for advanced physics.

　　M: Well, that might help. Advanced physics is a pretty difficult course.

　　Q: What does the man mean

　　女士：克拉克教授建议我得为高等物理找个家庭教师。

　　男士：嗯，那可能有帮助。高等物理确实是一门比较难的科目。

　　问题：男士的意思是什么

　　【词汇点拨】tutor n. 家庭教师;constructive a. 有益的，建设性的

　　18. A) Indifferent. A) 漠不关心的。

　　B) Doubtful. B) 怀疑的。

　　C) Pleased. C) 高兴的。

　　D) Surprised. D) 惊奇的。

　　【听音指导】预读时可排除唯一的“积极”选项C。本题为加了“弦外之音” 意义解释题，同义替换是答案，此类题有较少的明显的语言点可以指示答案，难度较大。听音时关注说话者的语气。

　　【正确项分析】女士所谓的好消息是谈话的两个人都没有被炒鱿鱼。男士却既不兴奋，也没有表示怀疑，所以轻易排除选项B、C。因为他已经有点厌倦这份工作了，甚至想到要去辞职。与选项A意义相符。

　　【原文及译文】

　　W: Bill, have you heard the latest news It appears we two won’t be laid off after all.

　　M: Oh, I’m somewhat tired of working here. I’ve been wondering whether I should resign. Anyway, the news seems to be good for you.

　　Q: How does the man feel about the news

　　女士：比尔，知道最新消息吗好像我俩都没有被炒鱿鱼。

　　男士：哦，我在这儿工作有些厌烦了，我一直在考虑我是否应该辞职。无论如何，这个消息对你来说是个好事。

　　问题：男士对新闻是怎么看的

　　【词汇点拨】indifferent a. 漠不关心的;doubtful a. 持怀疑态度的;lay off 解雇;resign v.辞职;be tired of … 对……厌倦

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. A) He prefers the smaller evening classes. A) 他更喜欢晚上的小班课程。

　　B) He has signed up for a day course. B) 他已经报名参加白天课程。

　　C) He has to work during the day. C) 他白天上班。

　　D) He finds the evening course cheaper. D) 他发现晚上课程更便宜。

　　【听音指导】预览选项，选项A、D讨论evening class，选项B讲述day course，立刻可推测此长对话与课程有关，且该课程有day class和evening class之分。从这四个选项暗含的意义推测，男士应偏重于evening class，可初步推测，此题考查男士选择evening class的原因。

　　【正确项分析】原文中男士明确说明it would have to be an evening course since I work during the day，关键词在于since，正所谓“因果必考”，选项C与原文相符。

　　20. A) Learn a computer language. A) 学习一门计算机语言。

　　B) Learn data processing. B) 学习数据处理。

　　C) Buy some computer software. C) 买一些电脑软件。

　　D) Buy a few course books. D) 买一些课本。

　　【听音指导】行为动作考查题，根据19题推测，本对话涉及报班，由本题四个选项可知，所报课程与电脑有关，因为前三项均与computer有关。可知选项D与其他三项明显不同，可初步排除。本题也为一细节题，在听力过程中，应适时记录相关信息。

　　【正确项分析】女士先提到了Have you taken any courses in data processing，在其后紧跟着又对其进行了解释data processing is a course you have to take before you can take computer programming。对于data processing在对话中重复出现，且与问题相符，故选择B选项。

　　21. A) Thursday evening, from 7:00 to 9:45. A) 周四晚，7点至9点45分。

　　B) From September 1 to New Year’s eve. B) 从9月1号至新年前夕。

　　C) Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks. C) 每周一，持续12周。

　　D) Three hours a week, 45 hours in total. D) 一星期三小时，总共45小时。

　　【听音指导】由选项即可知本题考查数字的细节题，且考查的数字为持续的时间，初步推测为某一课程所持续的时间。所以如在听力过程中涉及数字都要作笔记，且应注意数字的上下文场景。

　　【正确项分析】对该问题的回答，信息较分散，最初提到了every Monday, from 7 to 9:45。接下来在let me see停顿之后出现答案12 weeks，from September 1 to Christmas eve. 整合以上信息，应选C。

　　【干扰项分析】选项A错在Thursday evening，原文中明确给出应该是Monday evening。选项B中的New Year’s eve也是偷梁换柱，应为Christmas eve。选项D涉及小计算，每晚3小时，持续12周，应大约总共36小时才正确。

　　22. A) What to bring for registration. A) 登记时需要带什么。

　　B) Where to attend the class. B) 到哪里去上课。

　　C) How he can get to Frost Hall. C) 去弗罗斯特大厅怎么走。

　　D) Whether he can use a check. D) 他是否能用支票。

　　【听音指导】根据“前二后二必考”原则，本题又为本对话的最后一题，此题必在文章后面出题。由四选项的形式可初步推测，本题考查的是问题的内容。

　　【正确项分析】本题的问题直截了当，在原文中男士给出了明确的提问，Is there anything that I should bring with me 与选项A同义。

　　【干扰项分析】许多考生按照常理或主观臆测选定选项B，此项在原文中恰恰没有提到。原文中男士也明确表明I know how to get there，选项C是多余的。文中虽提到checkbook，是女士对男士问题的回答，而非男士的发问，故排除。

　　【原文及译文】

　　W: Hello, Parkson College. May I help you

　　M: Yes. I’m looking for information on courses in computer programming. I would need it for the fall semester.

　　W: Do you want a day or evening course

　　M: Well, it would have to be an evening course since I work during the day.

　　W: Aha. Have you taken any courses in data processing

　　M: No.

　　W: Oh! Well, data processing is a course you have to take before you can take computer programming.

　　M: Oh, I see. Well, when is it given I hope it is not on Thursdays.

　　W: Well, there’s a class that meets on Monday evenings at 7.

　　M: Just once a week

　　W: Yes. But that’s almost 3 hours from 7 to 9:45.

　　M: Oh! Well, that’s alright. I could manage that. How many weeks does the course last

　　W: Mm, let me see. 12 weeks. You start the first week in September, and finish, oh, just before Christmas. December 21st.

　　M: And how much is the course

　　W: That’s 300 dollars including the necessary computer time.

　　M: Ah-hum. Okay, Eh, where do I go to register

　　W: Registration is on the second and third of September between 6 and 9 in Frost Hall.

　　M: Is that the round building behind the parking lot

　　W: Yes, that’s the one.

　　M: Oh, I know how to get there. Is there anything that I should bring with me

　　W: No, just your checkbook.

　　M: Well, thank you very much.

　　W: You’re very welcome. Bye!

　　M: Bye!

　　19: Why does the man choose to take an evening course

　　20: What does the man have to do before taking the course of computer programming

　　21: What do we learn about the schedule of the evening course

　　22: What does the man want to know at the end of the conversation

　　女士：你好。帕克森大学，有什么事需要帮忙吗

　　男士：是的。我想咨询有关计算机程序设计课程的信息。我想在秋季学期上课。

　　女士：白天上课还是晚上上课

　　男士：哦，因为我白天工作，我想晚上上课。

　　女士：嗯。你学过关于数据处理的课程吗

　　男士：没有。

　　女士：哦! 好的，在学习计算机编程之前必须学习数据处理。

　　男士：哦，我明白了。数据处理什么时候上课 我希望不是星期四。

　　女士：哦，有一个班在周一晚上7点。

　　男士：一周仅上一次

　　女士：是的。从7点到9点45分，差不多3个小时。

　　男士：哦! 没关系，我可以做到。几个星期的课程

　　女士：嗯，让我看看。12周。你从九月第一次周末开始，哦，圣诞节前夕12月21日结课。

　　男士：这门课程多少钱

　　女士：300美元，包括必要的上机时间。

　　男士：好的，嗯，我到哪里去登记

　　女士：在9月2号、3号6 点至 9点在弗罗斯特大厅登记。

　　男士：是停车场后面的圆形大楼吗

　　女士：是的，就是那儿。

　　男士：哦，我知道怎么到那儿去。我必须要带什么东西吗

　　女士：不用，只要带着支票簿即可。

　　男士：哦，太谢谢了。

　　女士：不用客气。再见!

　　男士：再见!

　　19：为什么男士选择晚间上课

　　20：在上计算机程序设计课程之前必须要做什么

　　21：我们能从晚间课程了解到什么信息

　　22：在谈话最后男士想了解什么信息

　　【词汇点拨】course n. 课程;computer programming 计算机编程;data processing 数据处理;parking lot 停车场;schedule n. 时间表

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　23. A) A training coach. A) 教练员。

　　B) A trading adviser. B) 商业顾问。

　　C) A professional manager. C) 职业经理。

　　D) A financial trader. D) 金融交易商。

　　【听音指导】本题为本长对话的第一题，出题点必在对话开始，由选项可知，本题涉及职业， 对于职业的考查也是前几年四级考试的重点。

　　【正确项分析】男士在文中明确提及trading in financial markets，根据同义推断原理，可推断该男士的职业是financial trader.

　　24. A) He can save on living expenses. A) 他可以节省生活费用。

　　B) He considers cooking creative. B) 他认为烹饪是具有创新性的。

　　C) He can enjoy healthier food. C) 他喜欢健康食物。

　　D) He thinks take-away is tasteless. D) 他觉得外带食品不好吃。

　　【听音指导】预览选项，可知选项A与其他三项明显不同，可初步排除。本题与食物或烹饪有关。所以在听音过程中，如提及cooking或food，应多加注意，适时记录。

　　【正确项分析】 听音过程中听到此句I always cook a meal rather than have a take-away，即可知答案就在附近，接下来的一句To do something my brain will regard as creative中，出现了关键词creative，选项B与之相符，故选择B选项。

　　25. A) It is something inevitable. A) 是某种不可避免的事情。

　　B) It is frustrating sometimes. B) 有时候令人沮丧。

　　C) It takes patience to manage. C) 它需要耐心来管理。

　　D) It can be a good thing. D) 它可能是件好事。

　　【听音指导】本题是细节加评论题，关键要弄清楚各选项中it所指代的内容。本文出现频率最多的词是stress，可大胆推测，此题考查的是对stress的评述。本题又是此长对话的最后一题，答案应在听力对话的后两句。

　　【正确项分析】I do actually enjoy an element of uncertainty. 只要抓住此句中的一个关键词uncertainty，此题便可轻易而解，选项A正确。

　　【原文及译文】

　　W: So, why exactly does your job have a reputation for being stressful

　　M: Stress is generally driven by the feeling of being out of control of a situation and the feeling of a situation controlling you. Trading in financial markets combines both.

　　W: How do you relax in the evening

　　M: I very rarely do anything work-related so it’s easy to escape the markets. I generally go to the gym or go for a run, especially if I’ve had a bad day. I always cook a meal rather than have a take-away. To do something my brain would regard as creative.

　　W: Do you think what you do for relaxation is an effective way to beat stress

　　M: I don’t think there is a specific rule about how to beat stress. I generally find out what I do is effective for me.

　　W: Would you consider changing your job because of the high stress factor

　　M: I have considered leaving my job due to stress-related factors. However, I do think that an element of stress is a good thing, and if used the right way, it can actually be a positive thing.

　　W: What do you enjoy about the stressful aspects of your job

　　M: Having said all that, I do actually enjoy an element of uncertainty. I enjoy a mental challenge. Trading generates a wide range of emotions second by second. How you deal with and manage those emotions dictates short, medium and long term trading performance and success.

　　23: What is the man’s job

　　24: Why does the man prefer to cook a meal rather than have a take-away

　　25: What does the man say about an element of stress in his job

　　女士：那么，到底为什么你的工作以紧张出名呢

　　男士：当人们束手无策或感觉被控制时，就会有压力感。金融市场上的交易正是这两者的结合。

　　女士：你晚上如何放松

　　男士：我很少做与工作有关的事情，所以很容易逃脱市场。我通常去健身房或是出去跑步。尤其是在我感觉某天很糟糕的时候，更是如此。我总是做饭，而不是叫外卖。做点儿有创意的事。

　　女士：你认为你放松自己的方法对消除压力有效吗

　　男士：消除压力没有特定的法宝。总的来说，我发现我所做的一切对我来说都是有效的。

　　女士：你是否因压力大而考虑换工作呢

　　男士：因为压力的因素我曾考虑过离开我的工作。但是，我认为压力是一件好事。如果运用得当，压力实际上是有益的。

　　女士：你喜欢工作中的哪些压力

　　男士：说了这么多，我的确喜欢不确定因素。我喜欢挑战。交易会在瞬间产生一系列大范围的情绪波动。你如何处理及管理这些情绪支配着中短期及长期交易业绩和成功。

　　23：男士的工作是什么

　　24：为什么男士喜欢做饭，而不是叫外卖

　　25：关于工作中的压力感，男士说了什么

　　【词汇点拨】reputation n. 名声，名气;combine v. 合并;financial a. 金融的;take-away 外带食品;positive a. 积极的，有益的;uncertainty n. 不确定性

Section B

　　Passage One

　　篇章结构

　　本次四级听力篇章从内容难度上来讲，比2009年6月的更难。此篇文章属于天文类，讲的是除地球以外的星球上形成生命的可能性。曾经科学家们认为其他星球上存在生命的可能性不大，但是现在科学家在渐渐地定位那些有可能会形成生命的地方。文章对此举了一个例子，就是木星的一个卫星，叫木卫二。

　　词汇点拨

　　fascinated a. 着迷的;surface n. 表面;bacteria n 细菌;automatically ad. 自动地;probe n.探头，探针;evolution n. 进化

　　话题词汇

　　beneath prep. 在……之下

　　Jupiter n. 木星

　　moon n. 卫星，月球

　　nitrogen n. 氮

　　planet n. 行星，星球

　　volcanic activity 火山活动

　　难句解析

　　1. Since early times, people have been fascinated with the idea of life existing somewhere else besides earth.

　　【解析】since early times作时间状语，主句主语为people，谓语为be fascinated with，即“对……着迷”，着迷的对象是idea of life，existing somewhere else besides earth为现在分词作定语修饰名词life。

　　2. The probes have also made scientists think that under its surface Europa has a rocky core giving off volcanic heat.

　　【解析】本句主句部分谓语成分为make sb. do sth.，让某人做某事，that引出think的从句。从句的主语为Europa，giving off volcanic heat作定语修饰has的宾语a rocky core。

　　试题详解

　　26. A) There were no planets without moons. A) 除了卫星外没有行星。

　　B) There was no air or water on Jupiter. B) 在木星上没有空气或水。

　　C) Life was not possible in outer space. C) 在外空是没有生命的。

　　D)The mystery of life could not be resolved D) 生命的奥秘是不能解决的。

　　【听音指导】预览选项，可知本题考查细节事实题。鉴于此题位于本短文的第一题，答案应在最初几句中找到，具体的说，是在开头30秒。选项D与其他三项明显不同，可初步排除。听音时关注no planets，no air or water还是no life。

　　【正确项分析】第一题问的是科学家曾经(once)相信什么事实那么根据我们的理解，应该是他们认为外太空不可能存在生命。这个答案出现在原文的第二句，原文是Until recently, scientists believed that life on other planets was just a hopeful dream，意为科学家们认为在其他星球上存在生命只不过是个充满希望的梦。故选择C项。

　　27. A) It has a number of active volcanoes. A) 有很多活火山。

　　B) It has an atmosphere like the earth’s. B) 有像地球上的大气层。

　　C) It has a large ocean under its surface. C) 在它的表面有一个大海洋。

　　D) It has deep caves several miles long. D) 有几英里长的深洞穴。

　　【听音指导】通过选项即可确定本题为对于某一事物的细节描述题，所以首先要解决各选项中it所指的内容。由第一题选项可初步推测，本题很可能考查的是对一个星球的描述。

　　【正确项分析】问题为科学家在木卫二星球上找到什么，那么应该是Space probes have provided evidence that Europa has a large ocean under its surface，意为航空观测镜发现了星球表面下有个大的海洋。C选项与原文一模一样。

　　28. A) Light is not an essential element to it. A) 光不是必备因素。

　　B) Life can form in very hot temperatures. B) 生命在很热的温度下能够形成。

　　C) Every form of life undergoes evolution. C) 每种生命的形成都需要进化。

　　D) Oxygen is not needed for some life forms. D) 氧在生命形成过程中没有必要。

　　【听音指导】根据惯例，最后一个问题答案出现在篇章结束前三十秒左右，选项均涉及生命形成因素，分别为light，hot temperatures，evolution和oxygen，根据这些信息，可轻易在短文结束前找到答案。

　　【正确项分析】注意转折连词but前后，原文为Until recently, scientists thought that light was essential. But now, places have been found on earth that are in total blackness such as caves several miles beneath the ocean. And bacteria, primitive forms of life, have been seen there。意为科学家一直以为光是很重要的，但是现在他们发现完全黑暗的地方—比如几英里深的洞里，也有生命，即细菌。可见，光不是必备因素，选项A正确。

　　原文及译文

　　Since early times, people have been fascinated with the idea of life existing somewhere else besides earth. Until recently, scientists believed that life on other planets was just a hopeful dream. But now they are beginning to locate places where life could form. In 1997, they saw evidence of planets near other stars like the sun. But scientists now think that life could be even nearer in our own solar system. One planet scientists are studying very closely is Europa, a moon of Jupiter. Space probes have provided evidence that Europa has a large ocean under its surface. The probes have also made the scientists think that under its surface Europa has a rocky core giving off volcanic heat. Water and heat from volcanic activity are two basic conditions needed for life to form. A third is certain basic chemicals such as carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Scientists believe there might be such chemicals lying at the bottom of Europa’s ocean. They may have already created life or may be about to. You may wonder if light is also needed for life to form. Until recently, scientists thought that light was essential. But now, places have been found on earth that are in total blackness such as caves several miles beneath the ocean. And bacteria, primitive forms of life have been seen there. So the lack of light in Europa’s sub-surface ocean doesn’t automatically rule out life forming.

　　26. What did scientists once believe according to the passage

　　27. What have scientists found about Europa, a moon of Jupiter

　　28. What have scientists come to know recently about the formation of life

　　从很早以前，人们一直迷恋着地球以外的地方也存在生命的想法。直到近来，科学家们认为在其他星球上存在生命只不过是个充满希望的梦。但是，现在他们开始查找可能有生命的地方。1997年，科学家们在恒星附近，例如太阳，发现了行星的踪迹。科学家们现在认为生命可能我们更近，就在太阳系内。科学家们正密切关注的地方是木卫二，木星的一个卫星。太空探测器提供了证据表明木卫二表层之下有一个海洋。探测器也让科学家们认为木卫二表层有散发出火山热的岩石核心。火山活动的水和热量是生命形成的两个基本条件。第三个是一些基本的化学物质，如碳、氧和氮。科学家们认为在木卫二海洋底部可能存在这样的化学成分。他们可能已经创造了生命或即将产生生命。你可能在想光也是生命形成的必要条件。直到最近，科学家们仍认为光是不可或缺的。但现在已经在地球上发现，海洋几英里之下的黑暗的洞穴内有细菌，即原始生命形式的存在。所以不能排除缺乏光的木卫二地下海洋有生命形成的可能性。

　　26. 根据短文，科学家曾相信什么

　　27. 科学家们发现关于木卫二的什么信息

　　28. 最近，科学家就生命的形成了解到什么

　　Passage Two

　　篇章结构

　　本篇讲述医生发现用纸记录下的东西比口语交流的信息更加准确和稳定。问题源自一位医生在对一个孩子的家庭口述交待了出院后的注意事项之后，发现这些亲属们竟然记不清到底医生讲了些什么，于是医生决定在以后交待注意事项的时候要把这些内容全印成纸质的东西，因为纸质的东西比口语更可靠。

　　词汇点拨

　　suffer v. 遭受;confusing a. 令人迷惑的;episode n. 插曲;version n. 版本;challenge v. 挑战

　　话题词汇

　　context n. 上下文

　　physician n. 内科医生

　　recover v. 恢复

　　stability n. 稳定性

　　act out 表演出来

　　emergency room 急诊室

　　oral communication 口头交际

　　tailored to 定制的

　　难句解析

　　1. Also listening to her were a half a dozen other family members.

　　【解析】此句为倒装句，强调listening to her，主语为a half a dozen other family members。正常语序为：A half a dozen other family members were also listening to her.

　　2. All of them had heard the simple instructions I have given just a few hours before, but they have three or four different versions.

　　【解析】本句两分句由连词but连接，had heard为过去完成时，表示在家人问玛雅医生之前就发生了此动作。I have given just a few hours before做定语修饰the simple instructions，省略连接词that。

试题详解

　　29. A) Whether they should take the child home. A) 他们是否应该将孩子带回家。

　　B) What Dr. Mayer’s instructions exactly were. B) 玛雅医生的医嘱到底是什么。

　　C) Who should take care of the child at home. C) 谁在家照顾孩子。

　　D) When the child would completely recover. D) 什么时候这个孩子能完全恢复。

　　【听音指导】浏览四个选项，应注意到都为wh-开头的疑问词，且提到了医生和孩子，take care of 以及recover，可初步推测此题涉及的场景为医院，病人为孩子。

　　【正确项分析】问题为孩子的家人因为什么而争论，原文为the family asked her to settle an argument they’d been having over exactly what advice she had given，意为亲属们就医生到底讲过什么建议争论不休，问医生如何解决。选项B中的instructions与原文的advice同义，选项B正确。

　　30. A) She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt. A) 她鼓励他们拿不准时就提问题。

　　B) She makes them write down all her instructions. B) 她让他们记下她的医嘱。

　　C) She has them act out what they are to do at home. C) 她让他们把将在家里做的事情表演出来。

　　D) She asks them to repeat what are supposed to do. D) 她让他们复述要做的事。

　　【听音指导】由第一题的选项可很有把握地推测she指代的是Doctor Myer，而与医生相对的多半为病人。注意关键词ask question，write down，act out和repeat。

　　【正确项分析】玛雅医生如何确定病人完全明白了自己的建议呢原文为She asks them to tell her what they think they are supposed to do，原文的 tell her与选项D中的关键词repeat一致，选项D为正确答案，

　　31. A) It lacks the stability of the printed word. A) 它缺乏印刷体的稳定性。

　　B) It contains many grammatical errors. B) 它包含许多语法错误。

　　C) It is heavily dependent on the context. C) 它十分依赖上下文语境。

　　D) It facilitates interpersonal communication. D) 它有助于人际交往。

　　【听音指导】本题为短文最后一题，应在文章最后出现。需要注意关键字stability，errors，context和communication。

　　【正确项分析】此题是典型的篇章问题考法。答案出现在结尾处，问题是作者对于人类口语交流 (human speech) 总结了什么。原文为human speech lacks the stability and permanence of the printed word，与选项A一致。

　　原文及译文

　　In her early days as an emergency room physician, Doctor Joanna Mayer treated a child who had suffered a second degree burn. After the child had been treated and was being prepared for discharge, Doctor Mayer talked to the parents about how they should care for the child at home. Also listening to her were a half a dozen other family members. A few hours later, when she came to say goodbye, the family asked her to settle an argument they’d been having over exactly what advice she had given. “As I talked to them, I was amazed.” she said, “All of them had heard the simple instructions I have given just a few hours before, but they have three or four different versions. The most basic details were unclear and confusing. I was surprised, because these were intelligent people.” This episode gave Doctor Mayer her first clue to something every doctor learns sooner or later---- most people just don’t listen very well.

　　Nowadays, she says she repeats her instructions, and even conducts a reality check with some patients. She asks them to tell her what they think they are supposed to do. She also provides take-home sheets which are computer printouts tailored to the patients’ situation. Doc. Mayer’s listeners are not unusual. When new or difficult material is presented, almost all listeners are faced with a challenge because human speech lacks the stability and permanence of the printed word. Oral communication is fast-moving and impermanent.

　　29. What did the child’s family members argue about in the hospital

　　30. What does Doc. Mayer do to insure her patients understand her instructions

　　31. What does the speaker say about human speech

　　乔安娜•玛雅是一名急诊室医生。早年，她曾医治了一名二度烧伤的孩子。这个孩子接受完治疗准备出院时，玛雅医生告诉孩子父母在家如何照顾孩子，在场的还有六位家庭其他成员。几小时后，当她来与孩子再见的时候，孩子一家请她解决争论，他们一直争论她的医嘱到底是什么。“因为我已经告诉过他们，所以我很惊讶。”她说，“他们所有的人都在短短几小时前听到了我给出的简单的医嘱，但是他们有三、四个不同的版本。最基本的细节都不清楚且很困惑。我很吃惊，因为这些是聪明人。”这一段插曲给了玛雅医生第一个线索，而这迟早每个医生都会懂得，即大多数人听的不准确。

　　如今，玛雅说她反复重复医嘱，甚至对一些病人进行现场核查。她要他们告诉她他们应该做的事。她还根据病人的情况提供可带回家的打印文本。玛雅医生的听众都是正常人。当面对新资料或难度较大的资料时，几乎所有的听众都会面临挑战，因为人类口语缺乏书面文字的稳定性和永久性。口头交流速度快但持续时间短。

　　29. 孩子的家庭成员在医院里争论的是什么

　　30. 为确保病人明白她的医嘱，玛雅医生做了什么

　　31. 说话者如何评述人类口语

　　Passage Three

　　篇章结构

　　此篇讲的是商务工作中对员工的激励机制。主要内容为公司对员工的激励机制并非是人们通常以为的工资或者工作环境，而是工作中的挑战。

　　词汇点拨

　　challenging a. 挑战性的;logical a. 合理的;manually ad. 手动地;identify v. 认同;tedious a. 单调的，沉闷的

　　话题词汇

　　arbitrarily ad. 专横地

　　mechanical a. 机械的

　　robotics n. 机器人学

　　by definition 当然

　　job security 职业安全感

　　labor relations 劳资关系

　　难句解析

　　1. It’s logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits and job security motivate workers, but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers.

　　【解析】此句结构是由转折连词but引导的两个分句。前面一个分句中，it做形式主语，后面的不定式to suppose是真正主语。That引导宾语从句，介词like以及其引导内容做things的后置定语。后面一个分句中，one expert 与Frederick Herzberg为同位语，that后引导宾语从句。

　　2. However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there’re always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.

　　【解析】本句主句为there be 句型，常见的短语with the development of作时间状语，意为“随着……的发展”。jobs和people为表语，三个并列形容词boring， repetitive 和 mechanical一起修饰jobs，who引导的定语从句修饰先行词unskilled people

试题详解

　　32. A) Job security. A) 职业安全感。

　　B) Good labor relations. B) 愉快的劳资关系。

　　C) Challenging work. C) 挑战性的工作。

　　D) Attractive wages and benefits. D) 有吸引力的工资和利益。

　　【听音指导】预览选项中的关键词job security，labor relation，work，和wages and benefits可知，此篇短文主旨与工作有关，可初步推测与人们对工作的满足感有关。

　　【正确项分析】此题问的是主题，到底什么可以真正激励员工好好工作呢。原文Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility，连接词in contrast附近出现了答案，意为起到激励作用的东西包括工作的挑战性和趣味性，以及工作中需承担的责任即最终获得的认可。所以选选项C，即挑战性的工作。

　　【干扰项分析】原文首句虽谈及选项A、B、D各项内容，但是but转折后全盘否定but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers。故可全部排除。

　　33. A) Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually. A) 许多单调工作继续由手工做。

　　B) More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs. B) 越来越多的非技术工人将失业。

　　C) Computers will change the nature of many jobs. C) 电脑将改变很多工作性质。

　　D) Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable. D) 无聊的工作将变得快乐。

　　【听音指导】从选项内容可知，本题考查的是工作的性质，应注意关键提示词—tedious，unskilled and lose job，computer和boring and enjoyable。

　　【正确项分析】此题问到作者对电脑信息时代总结了什么。从原文中However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there’re always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.，连接词however后出现了答案。意为，尽管电脑和机器人技术不断发展，还是存在无聊的、重复的、机械性的工作，需要人力完成，对应到正确答案A选项中的tedious以及manually。

　　34. A) Offer them chances of promotion. A) 提供给他们晋升机会。

　　B) Improve their working conditions. B) 改善他们的工作条件。

　　C) Encourage them to compete with each other. C) 鼓励他们相互竞争。

　　D) Give them responsibilities as part of a team. D) 给他们责任，让他们成为团队一部分。

　　【听音指导】此题为一细节题。选项B与其他三项明显不同，可初步排除。听音时，注意选项中的promotion，compete和team。

　　【正确项分析】原文中激励超市员工工作是个案，但是问题本身针对的是总结性的答案。即出现在for example前的总结句：Give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as a part of a team。but后强调的是team，正确答案为选项D。

　　35. A) They will not bring real benefits to the staff. A) 他们将不能给员工带来真正利益。

　　B) They concern a small number of people only. B) 他们与少数人相关。

　　C) They are arbitrarily set by the administrators. C) 是管理人员随意制定的。

　　D) They are beyond the control of ordinary workers. D) 他们超出了普通工人的控制。

　　【听音指导】首先意识到最后一题的答案应在文章结束前几句找，由各选项可知，所描述的对象并不是积极的，而是有负面影响的。

　　【正确项分析】为什么金钱诱惑刺激不了工作热情，答案出现在结尾前30秒处，即Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets which automatically only concern a few people，意为团队精神更能激起工作热情，因为金钱利益最终只会与团队中的个别人相关。答案为选项B。

　　原文及译文

　　It’s logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits and job security motivate workers, but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers. They are merely satisfiers. Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility. However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there’re always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them. So how do managers motivate people in such jobs One solution is to give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as a team. For example, some supermarkets combine office staff, the people who fill the shelves, and the people who work at the checkout into a team, and let them decide what product lines to stock, how to display them and so on. Many people now talk about the importance of a company’s shared values or culture with which all the staff can identify, for example, being the best hotel chain, or making the best, the most user-friendly or the most reliable products in a particular field. Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets which ultimately only concern a few people. Unfortunately, there’s only a limited number of such goals to go around and by definition, not all the competing companies in an industry can seriously play in to be the best.

　　32: What can actually motivate workers according to Frederick Herzberg

　　33: What does the speaker say about jobs in the computer era

　　34: What do some supermarkets do to motivate employees

　　35: Why does the speaker say financial targets are less likely to motivate workers

　　认为良好的劳资关系、愉悦的工作环境、较高的工资和福利待遇、工作安全性好能够激励员工，这是完全符合逻辑的。然而，专家弗洛迪克•赫兹伯格认为这些条件并不能激励员工，只是让员工得到满足的物质条件而已。相反，激励因素包括挑战性和趣味性的工作、认可和责任等。然而，即使随着计算机技术和机器人技术的发展，仍有大量无聊的、重复的和机械的工作，并且还必须有大量做这些工作的非技术人员。所以管理人员如何激励从事这种工作的人呢 一种解决办法就是让他们承担责任，不是作为个人，而是作为团队。例如，有些超市把办公室人员、填货人和收银员编成一组，让他们决定进什么货、产品如何陈列等。现在很多人在谈论员工认同的公司的价值观和公司文化的重要性，如怎样成为最好的旅馆连锁，或在某一特定领域做最好的，用户最亲善的或者最可靠的产品。这样的价值观比那些只与少数人有关的财务目标更有可能激励员工。不幸的是，只有个别公司才会有这样的目标，当然，并不是所有的竞争公司在业界都能做成最好的。

　　32：根据弗洛迪克•赫兹伯格的观点，什么可以激励员工

　　33：说话者就计算机时代的工作发表了什么观点

　　34：一些超市为激励员工采取了什么措施

　　35：为什么说财务目标不太可能激发员工

Section C

　　原文重现

　　In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be (36) classified into three types of informational writing: factual, descriptive, and process. Factual writing provides (37) background information on an author, composer or artist or on a type of music, literature, or art. Examples of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or (38) album cover and longer pieces, such as an article describing a style of music which you might read in a music (39) appreciation course. This kind of writing provides a (40) context for your study of the humanities.

　　As its name (41) implies, descriptive writing simply describes or provides an (42) image of, a piece of music, art or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the (43) instruments a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures of sounds in the readers’ mind by calling up specific details of the work. (44) Descriptive writing in humanity, particularly in literature is often mixed with critical writing.

　　Process writing explains a series of actions that bring about a result. (45) It tells the reader how to do something, for example, explaining the technique used to show a film. This kind of writing is often found in art, where understanding how an art has created a certain effect is important. (46)Authors may actually use more than one type of techniques in the given piece of informational writing.

　　篇章结构

　　此次复合式听写的话题比较专业，介绍了三类写作题材，即事实性的，描述性的和解说性的。短文结构，先总后分。原文中充斥了许多长难词，致使考生预读时就一头雾水。尤其是全文的首句：In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. 关键是要正确理解humanities(人文学科)一词。

　　词汇点拨

　　humanities n. 人文学科;context n. 环境，语境，上下文;technique n. 技巧

　　话题词汇

　　composer n. 作曲家

　　book jacket 护封

　　instrument n. 乐器

　　background information 背景知识

　　music appreciation 音乐鉴赏

　　musical composition 乐曲

　　试题详解

　　36.【听音指导】根据空前后内容，可推测此空意为“归类成……”，轻易可以联想到常考词classified，构成be classified into结构。

　　37.【听音指导】事实性写作方式会提供什么样的信息，在预读时，很容易将其推测为形容词，但background是常见词，而background information作为背景知识，在日常生活中常常用到。

　　38.【听音指导】此空中的内容与book，long piece并列，可知此空填写的词为名词，且与book等为一类。album发音特殊，一般不会与其他词相混，应注意拼写。

　　39.【听音指导】由题意很容易判断此部分应为音乐鉴赏课，此空的难点在于appreciation (“鉴赏”)这个词的拼写。appreciate作动词，意为鉴赏，此空需要其名词形式。

　　40.【听音指导】为研究人文学科提供环境，其中context是高频词，几乎在每次考试中都能考到，此题不易失分。

　　41.【听音指导】此句话应理解为“正如名字所显示的那样”，立刻可以联系到show等词，而原文中的imply在以往四级考试中也反复出现。

　　42.【听音指导】描述性的写作能提供什么立刻就想到形象、印象。image这个词很容易填出。

　　43.【听音指导】作曲家所用的音乐器具，自然为musical instrument。然而此空需要注意的是它的复数形式。

　　44.【听音指导】此段讲述的是descriptive writing，此句位于本段的最后一句，应为总结性话语。答案为Descriptive writing in the humanities, particularly in literature is often mixed with critical writing。particularly可替换为especially，be mixed with意为“与……混合”。也可写为Descriptive writing is mixed with critical writing，那么既保留了句子的大意，而且也能规避如particularly这样的长难词。采分点为descriptive writing和critical writing。

　　45.【听音指导】此段讲述的是processing writing，按照惯例此句为对其的总结性解释。shoot a film，意为拍电影。采分点为how to do something和 technique。

　　46.【听音指导】整篇文章为总分式，先总述了三种写作题材，然后分别讲述每种写作题材的适用范围。此空独立成句，很可能论述三部分适用范围的交集。采分点为more than one type of technique is used in writing。

　　全文精译

　　在人文学科中，作者可以通过多种写作方式告知读者信息。这些方法可分为三类信息写作题材：事实性的，描述性的和解说性的。事实性写作提供了一位作家、作曲家或艺术家或者是一种音乐、文学或艺术的背景信息。事实性写作包括封面上的说明和专辑封面，较长的作品如音乐鉴赏课中可能读到的描述一种音乐风格的文章。这种写作题材为人文学科研究提供了依据。

　　正如它的名字所暗示的，描写性写作指简单的描述或为一段音乐、一种艺术和文学树立一种形象。例如，描写性写作可能介绍一位艺术家在画中用过的色彩，或一位乐器作曲家在音乐作品中所用的乐器。通过具体描述，在读者的脑海里留下声音的图画。人文学科中的描写性写作，特别在文学中，经常与评论式写作共同使用。

　　解说性写作是解释会带来某种结果的一系列的行动。它告诉读者如何做某事，例如，拍电影的技术。这种写作往往用于艺术中，因为理解艺术家如何创造了一种特定效果是很重要的。在一篇指定的信息写作中，作者可以运用多种写作技巧。

2009年6月英语四级

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

11. D 原文：W: There were more than a hundred people at Kate's birthday party. How come she's got so many friends

M: It's really no surprise. You know she was popular even when she was a child.

Q: What does the man imply about Kate

推理题。问题问的是“imply”（暗示），即需要对原文进行推理。男士对Kate的说法是she was popular even when she was a child（她是孩子时就很受欢迎了），那么现在有一百多人参加她的生日晚会也不足为奇，所以选D。

12. C 原文：M: They say there'll be a snow-storm tonight, and the cold weather will last quite a few days.

W: Oh! We're so lucky, we'll be getting away for a while, and having a holiday in Florida. But let's call right now to confirm our flight.

Q: What do we learn about the two speakers

语言点：Be used to doing 习惯做某事

场景题。本文的场景是两人在讨论度假计划，原文非常明确：we'll be getting away for a while, and having a holiday in Florida.已经可以判断C，They are going to have a holiday为正确答案。A、B、D都是对对话中细节的混淆，the cold weather will last只是说有寒流到来，并非they are not used to living in a cold place（不习惯住在冷的地方）；have a holiday in Florida也不是live in Florida；至于air ticket，原文明确说的是confirm our flight（确认航班），可见已经订票。

13. B 原文：W: Tony was awarded a medal for rescuing several families from the forest fire.

M: I really admire his courage.

Q: What do we learn about Tony from the conversation

语言点：Award sb. sth. / award sth. to sb. 授予某人某物 Accuse sb. of sth. / be accused of sth. 因为某事（被）指责

主旨题。原文说Tony因为rescuing several families from the forest fire（丛森林大火中救出了好几家人）而获得奖章，所以男士说I really admire his courage（敬佩他的勇气），答案为B。D（他被指责引起了大火）明显是错误的，A（Tony很高兴获得奖章）及C（Tony曾经是救火队员）都不符合原文。

14. B 原文：M: My washing machine is more than fifteen years old and it has worked just fine until last night.

W: You'll never be able to get parts for it, even from Japan. So it might be time to invest a more recent model.

Q: What does the woman suggest the man do

语言点：Part 零件 Invest 投资

建议题。原文有非常明显的建议句型：it might be time to do sth. （是该做…的时候了），女士的建议是：So it might be time to invest a more recent model. （是时候投资一台更新款式的洗衣机了），所以选B。A为干扰项，invest通常是投资的意思，但这里仅指投资买洗衣机，而非make a profitable investment（进行有利可图的投资）。

15. D 原文：W: I heard about your promotion, you must be thrilled.

M: Not really, the new office is huge, but the work load has doubled.

Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation

语言点：Promotion 升职 Thrilled 兴奋的 Work load 工作负担

态度题。问题问的是男士对于升职的态度，女士说you must be thrilled（你一定很兴奋吧），男士回答not really，已经可以确定D为正确答案；他进一步给出了解释，虽然办公室很大，但是the work load has doubled（工作负担增加了一倍），但并不能从中看出he finds the work load unbearable（不可忍受的）。

16. D 原文：W: I can't decide what to do about the party tomorrow。

M: You don't have to go if you don't want to, but I'll be glad to give you a ride if you do。

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

语言点：Give you a ride 开车带你一段

细节题。女士不知道明天的party该不该去，男士则说I'll be glad to give you a ride if you do（如果你去的话，我可以开车带你），所以选D。本题的重点是要理解what to do，这里指的是whether to go to the party。

17. C 原文：M: Now if you have any questions about the contract. I'll be happy to answer them.

W: Nothing comes to mind right now, but I'd like to go over all the articles of the contract once more before signing it.

Q: What are the speakers doing right now

语言点：Go over 仔细检查 Articles of the contract 合同条款。注意article这里的意思是“条款”。

场景题。很明显两人在讨论contract，并且是在sign（签署）之前最后一次检查条款，所以选C。

18. A 原文：M: We are out of paper for the printer. Can you please order some

W: I completed the order form online yesterday and it will be here by noon. I'll let you know when it comes in。

Q: What did the woman do

语言点：Be out of sth. 用完了

细节题。问题问女士做了什么，答案为：I completed the order form online yesterday，买的是纸，所以选A。

Conversation One

W: Bob, do you know who I saw the other day Old Jake, looking terribly depressed. Did he get pensioned off at last (19)

M: Yes. They made him retire after 50 years at sea. (19) He is pretty upset about it, but what can you do He really is pasted.

W: He is all alone, isn't he

M: Yes, his wife has been dead for years. (20)They had one daughter, Dories. But she went off to town as soon as she left school. And he hasn't heard from her since. I hear she is making good money as a model。

W: Maybe someone could get in touch with her. Get her to come back for a while to help

M: I don't suppose she’d come. She never got on with her father. (21) He is bit of a tough character and she is rather selfish. Oh, I expect old Jake will get by. He is healthy at least, comes into a clinic for a check regularly。

W: Are you his doctor

M: No, my partner doctor Johnson is.

W: That bad-tempered old thing

M: Oh, he isn't bad-tempered. He just looks it. He is an excellent doctor, (22) taught me a lot, and he has a very nice family. His wife invites me over there to supper every week. Very pleasant.

W: yes. I teach their daughter Pam at school. She is a bit careless and lazy about her school work, but a bright little thing and very popular with her age group.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. Why does old Jake look terribly depressed

20. What do we learn about Jake's wife

21. What does the man say about Jake's daughter

22. What does the man say about Jake's doctor

语言点：pension off sb. 付退休金辞退某人（pension是动词） pasted 过时的 get by 度过，挺过

He just looks it (bad-tempered). 他只是看起来像（坏脾气）。

19．B 主旨题。 对话中两人在讨论Old Jake, looking terribly depressed. 原因是he get pensioned off at last（领了退休金退休了）。At sea可以从下句话中看出：They made him retire after 50 years at sea.

20．A 细节题。答案见划线部分。Pass away“去世”。 21．C 细节题。答案见划线部分。Get on (well) with“跟某人相处得好”。 22．B 细节题。答案见划线部分。.) get pensioned off at lastPen

Conversation Two

W: Hello, Mr. Summerfield. How are you today

M: Very well. Thank you, Ms. Green.

W: What can I do for you

M: Well, unfortunately, there is a problem with the order we received from you yesterday. It seems we haven not received the right quantity of manuals to support the telephone system. (23)

W: Oh, dear, that's bad news. I'm very sorry to hear that, and you don't know how many packs are without manuals

M: No, because we haven't opened every pack. But in several of those that have been opened there are none, no manuals. (23)

W: I'm very sorry about this inconvenience, Mr. Summerfield. We'll send out the manuals this afternoon by express mail entirely at our cost, (24) and the manuals should arrive tomorrow or the day after at the latest.

M: All of them, right

W: Yes. It may be that some have them already, but we cannot be sure. So the best thing is to send out the manual for every pack.

M: Yes. Yes, I see. That would be great. (25)

W: Please accept our apologies for this mix-up. I assure you we will do everything possible to find out why the mistake happened.

M: Right. Thanks for your swift action. (25)

W: Not at all. Thank you and goodbye for now. Do call if there is anything else.

M: All right. Thank you. Goodbye, Ms. Green.

W: Goodbye.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23. What problems are the speakers discussing

24. What does the woman promise to do

25. What does the man think of the solution

语言点：Manuel 说明书，手册 Inconvenience 不方便 By express mail 通过快递 At our cost (at one’s cost) 由我们付费

23．C 主旨题。对话开头男士就提到了问题，即说明书不够；随后又补充说明细节，有的包里什么说明书都没有，所以选C。 24．D 细节题。答案见划线部分。 25．A 细节题。男士明显很满意，因为他说that would be great。

Section Two

Passage 1

Attracting and feeding wild birds are entertaining activities that have long been enjoyed by people all over the world. (26) Feeding birds has become so popular that prepared feed mixtures are readily available. We feed birds for many reasons. Many pleasant hours can come from watching birds. A hobby often develops into a serious study of their habits. Accurate identification of birds is usually the first goal. But observations that an amateur bird-watcher can make are really limitless. There is, however, responsibility associated with bird feeding, including a disease hazard. Attracting numbers of birds continually to the same spot can be harmful to them, particularly species that pick food from the ground contaminated by the droppings of other birds. (27) In winter feeding efforts are most satisfying to people and are of greatest benefit to birds. During this time when fewer natural foods are available and air temperatures are lower, extra feeding can keep a bird warm and well. Once begun, feeding should never stop during these lean months. (28) If you start a local increase of birds, be prepared to do what may be required to eliminate hazards to those you want to befriend. A constant supply of food should be given until the cold is over and spring has come. (28) If feeding is stopped during severe weather, birds used to relying upon the feeders might starve.

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. What does the speaker say about bird watching

27. What does the speaker say about birds fed continually on the same spot

28. What does the speaker suggest we do in feeding birds in winter

本文是一篇关于喂食鸟类的说明文，重点讨论喂食对鸟类的好处与好处，并提出在冬天喂食并持续到天气转暖是对鸟类最有益处的。本文的语言稍难，但找到问题的答案并不难。

语言点：Prepared feed mixtures 混合饲料 Amateur 业余爱好者 Hazard 危险 Contaminate 污染 Dropping 粪便

Lean 贫乏的 Eliminate 消除 Befriend 与…成为朋友

26．A 细节题。答案在文章第一句，用词相同：Attracting and feeding wild birds are entertaining activities。

27．B 细节题。本题稍有难度，因为原文中提到birds fed continually on the same spot时并没有直接说明有可能染病，而是说pick food from the ground contaminated by the droppings of other birds（吃地上已经被别的鸟类粪便污染的食物），而这与上一句话相呼应，是一个disease hazard（疾病危险），所以选B，they may catch some disease。

28．D 细节题。原文中两处提到了冬天喂食鸟类须注意的地方，见划线部分。

Passage 2

My friend Leo makes up weak and poor excuses whenever there is something he doesn't want to do. (29) Just two weeks ago, he was at my house when he decided he didn't want to go into work. He called his boss and said he had to get a new set of tires put on his truck. Then he sat down and watched TV with me. Not only had he lied but his excuse wasn't a very convincing one. Another time, he cancelled a date with his girlfriend at the last minute telling her he had to get a new battery for his truck. She was angry and refused to go out with him again until he apologized. (30) Last weekend, Leo offered the poorest excuse yet. He'd promised he'd help me move some furniture, (40) from my parents' house to my new apartment. He was supposed to bring his truck over about 8 o'clock Saturday morning. I waited, and then called and left a message on his machine. About 11:30, he called and said he was sorry but he'd been getting a new set of tires put on his truck. I guess he'd forgotten he used the same excuse when he called his boss from my house. I think I need a new set of friends. I'm beginning to get tired of Leo's excuses.

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29. What does the speaker tell us about her friend Leo

30. What did his girlfriend do when Leo canceled a date with her at the last minute

31. What favor did the speaker ask Leo to do last weekend

本文是一篇对Leo的描述性说明文，通过三个例子说明只要有Leo不想做的事，他都会编造蹩脚的借口来推托搪塞。本文的语言和题目都比较简单。

29．C 主旨题。答案见划线部分。A选项是干扰项，he will betray（背叛） even his best friends，貌似正确，但make up poor and weak excuses（编造蹩脚的借口）远没有betray严重。

30．A 细节题。原文中说的是She was angry and refused to go out with him again until he apologized.（她拒绝跟Leo约会，直到他道歉），可见答案为A，she made him apologize（逼迫他道歉）。 31．D 细节题。答案见划线部分。

Passage 3

In Hollywood, everybody wants to be rich, famous and beautiful. Nobody wants to be old, unknown and poor. For Hollywood kids, life can be difficult because they grow up in such an unreal atmosphere. (32) Their parents are ambitious and the children are part of the parents' ambitions. Parents pay for wasteful grand parties, expensive cars and designer clothes. When every dream can come true, kids don't learn the value of anything because they have everything. (33) A thirteen-year-old boy, Trent Maguire, has a driver, credit cards and unlimited cash to do what he wants when he wants to. "One day, I'll earn more than my dad!" he boasts. Parents buy care and attention for their children because they have no time to give it themselves. (34) Amender's mother employs a personal trainer, a bodyguard, a singing coach and a councilor to look after all her fifteen-year-old daughter's needs. Often, there is no parent at home most days, so children decide whether to make their own meals or go out to restaurants, when to watch television or do homework. They organize their own social lives. They play no childhood games. They become adults before they're ready. Hollywood has always been the city of dreams. The kids there live unreal lives where money, beauty and pleasure are the only gods. (35) Will children around the world soon start to think the same Or do they already

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

32. Why is life said to be difficult for Hollywood kids

33. What does the speaker say about Trent Maguire, a thirteen-year-old boy

34. Why does Amender's mother employ other people to look after her needs

35. What will probably have negative effects on the lives of Hollywood kids

本文是一篇说明文，讨论好来坞生活对孩子的负面影响；本文结构清晰，在每一种负面影响后即举例说明，33、34题就是如此。本文的题目答案都与原文完全一致。

语言点：Ambition / ambitious 雄心/有雄心的 Designer clothes 名牌服装

32．A 主旨题。答案见划线部分。33．C 细节题。Trent Maguire的例子是对好莱坞负面影响的例证，答案在例子之前写出。34题也是如此。34．D 细节题。答案见划线部分。 35．B 细节题。答案见划线部分。

Section 3

Around 120 years ago, Ebbinghaus began his study of memory. He concentrated on studying how quickly the human mind can remember information. One result of his research is known as the total time hypothesis, which simply means the amount you learn depends on the time you spend trying to learn it. This can be taken as our first rule of learning.

Although it is usually true that studying for four hours is better than studying for one, there is still the question of how we should use the four hours. For example, is it better to study for four hours straight or to study for one hour a day for four days in a row The answer, as you may have suspected, is that it is better to spread out the study times. This phenomenon through which we can learn more efficiently by dividing our practice time is known as the distribution of practice effect. Thus, our second rule of learning is this: it's better to study fairly briefly but often.

But we are not finished yet. We haven't considered how we should study over very short periods of time. Let's say you are trying to learn some new and rather difficult English vocabulary using a stack of cards. Should you look at the same word in rapid succession or look at the word and then have some delay before you look at it again The answer is it is better to space up the presentations of the word you are to learn.

36. concentrated 原句空缺谓语，并与on搭配。Concentrate on“专注于”。注意时态应用过去时。37. information

38. depends 原句空缺谓语，并与on搭配。Depend on“专注于”。主语为amount，注意应用第三人称单数。

39. straight 这里straight是“一直地”意思。 40. row 固定短语搭配，in a row“连续”。

41. suspected “猜想”。注意原句是现在完成时态，所以用过去分词形式。

42. phenomenon “现象”。此处是单数，有指示代词this，切记不要写成复数形式phemomena。 43. efficiently

44. our second rule of learning is this: it is better to study fairly briefly but often或者：2nd rule of learning: better to study briefly but often

45. Let’s say you are trying to learn some new and rather difficult English vocabulary using a stack of cards

.或者：example: learn new English words with cards

46. The answer is it is better to space out the presentations of the word you are to learn.或者：better to learn new words at intervals

提示：44-46考察考生的听写能力。建议在第一遍分辨句型，判断句子结构，听懂句子大意；第二遍是关键，应该写下句子的主干，此时尽可能多写；第三遍是检查阶段，补充剩余句子成分，尽可能使句子完整。如果不能完全按照原文记下来，可以根据原文意思用自己的语言表述。在听写整句时，要学会使用缩略语，在听第二遍第三遍时再将整句写上。

2008年12月20日四级听力原文

Short Conversations

11．M: I just received an Email from one of my former classmates. I was surprised, I hadn’t heard from him for ages.

W: Well, I’ve been out of touch with most of my old friends, only one or two still drop me a line occasionally,

Q: What does the woman mean

12. M: If you can make up your mind about the color, I can start on the outside of your house early next week.

   W: Well, right now I think I want white for the window frames and yellow for the walls, but I’ll let you know tomorrow.

   Q: Who is the woman talking to

13. W: Excuse me, do you have any apartments available for under 500 dollars a month I need to move in next week when my new job starts.

   M: The only vacant one I have is 600 dollars, have you inquired at the apartment complex down the street

   Q: What does the man suggest the woman do

14. W: You bought a pair of jeans yesterday, didn’t you What are they like

   M: Oh, they are pretty much like my other ones, except with a larger waist. I guess I haven’t spent much time exercising lately.

   Q: What can we infer from the conversation about the man

15. W: I really like those abstract paintings we saw yesterday. What do you think

   M: I guess it’s something I haven’t acquired a taste for yet.

   Q: What does the man imply

16. W: You haven’t seen a blue notebook, have you I hope I didn’t leave it in the reading room.

   M: Did you check that pile of journals you’ve borrowed from the library the other day

   Q: What is the man trying to say to the woman

17. M: How about joining me for a cup of coffee

   W: I’d love to, but I’m exhausted. I was up till 3 this morning, writing a paper for my literature class.

   Q: Why does the woman decline the man’s invitation

18. W: You had a job interview yesterday, didn’t you How did it go

   M: Not too bad, I guess. There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales manager’s job. And finally it was down to three of us, but the other two seemed better qualified.

Q: What does the man imply

长对话I

F: Simon, how does it feel to be retired

M: Well, not so bad.

F: How have you been spending your time

M: I have been spending more time with my family. I’ve also travelled a bit, you know, off season when everywhere is less crowded and hotels cost less.

F: Great.

M: You know I haven’t stopped work completely.

F: Yes, could you tell us more about this

M: I’m on a scheme that’s called phased retirement; I had a six-month break from work, after that I could apply for project work with the company I used to work for.

F: How does the scheme work

M: Well, it’s a trial at the moment. Instead of hiring temporary stuff, the company advertises posts on its website that retired employees like myself can access.

F: What sort of works advertised

M: Well, all sorts of things, really. Administrative work and more specialized work, the sort of thing I can do. Some of the projects can last five or six months, and others can just be a couple of days. I can decide more or less when to work. So I can manage my own time.

F: I can see it’s good for you. What is your company get out of this

M: Well, I still have all my old contacts at work, so I know who to contact to get something done. The company gets flexibility, too. Once the job’s over, that’s it. I’m not on their books any more.



Questions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. Why does Simon find his retired life enjoyable

20. How does Simon get to know about the company’s available posts

21. Why does the company adopt the phased retirement scheme

长对话II

W: Oh, where are we going

M: I want to show you something.

W: I know, but what is it

M: A farm. It’s just down this road. It’s a small place, but at least it would be our own.

W: A farm How can we afford to buy a farm

M: It isn’t very large, only 40 acres. We wouldn’t have to pay very much right now.

W: Is there a house on the place

M: A small one, two bedrooms, but it needs to be fixed up a little. I can do the job myself.

W: OK. Is there enough space for a kitchen garden

M: There is about half an acre around the house. That’s plenty of space.

W: Then we can grow our own fresh vegetables. And maybe keep a few chickens, couldn’t we

M: Yes, and we can probably grow a lot of our own food.

W: What are you thinking about growing, if we do take this place

M: Well, it really isn’t big enough for corn. I thought we might try to raise a crop of potatoes.

W: Potatoes There are a lot of work.

M: We are used to hard work, aren’t we

W: Yes, we are, but the money. Do we have enough to get started It seems like a dream.

M: I think we’ve saved enough. We can pay a little on the farm and maybe put a few dollars down on the tractor, too.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Q 22: What are the speakers going to do at the time of the conversation

Q 23: What does the man say about the farm

Q 24: Why does the man intend to grow potatoes rather than corn on the farm

Q 25: What is the woman’s greatest concern about the man’s plan

Passages

四级Passage One

Members of the city council and distinguished guests, it is my privilege to introduce to you today Mr. Robert Washington, chief of our city’s police force. He will address us on the subject of the Community Policing Program. Most of you know that Mr. Washington has a distinguished record as head of our police force for more than ten years. However, you may not know that he also holds a master’s degree in criminology and studied abroad for a year with the international police force which deals with crimes around the world. Mr. Washington first introduced the Community Policing Program 8 years ago. The idea behind the program is to get the police officers out of their cars and into our neighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants and residents about the real dynamics of our city. These officers do more than make arrests. They try to find ways to help solve the problems that contribute to crime in the first place. Often that means hooking people up with services offered by other city agencies, such as schools, hospitals, housing, drug treatment centers. And the program seems to be working: crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure. Today Mr. Washington is going to tell us more about this program. Now let’s welcome Mr. Robert Washington.



26. What is the purpose of the speaker’s remarks

He will address us on the subject of community policing program.



27. What does the speaker say about Mr. Robert Washington

Most of you know that Mr. Washington has a distinguished record as head of our police force for more than ten years. However, you may not know that he also holds a master’s degree in criminology and studied abroad for a year with the international police force which deals with crimes around the world. Mr. Washington first introduced the community policing program 8 years ago.



28. What is the idea behind the Community Policing Program

The idea behind the program is to get the police officers out of their cars and into our neighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants and residents about the real dynamics of our city.



29. How has the Community Policing Program turned out to be

And the program seems to be working, crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure.

四级Passage Two

There are between 3000 and 6000 public languages in the world, and we must add approximately 6 billion private languages since each one of us necessarily has one. Considering these facts, the possibilities for breakdowns in communication seem infinite in number. However, we do communicate successfully from time to time. And we do learn to speak languages. But learning to speak languages seems to be a very mysterious process. For a long time, people thought that we learned a language only by imitation and association. For example, a baby touches a hot pot and starts to cry. The mother says, “Hot, hot!” And the baby, when it stops crying, imitates the mother and says, “Hot, hot!” However, Noam Chomsky, a famous expert in language, pointed out that although children do learn some words by imitation and association, they also combine words to make meaningful sentences in ways that are unique, unlearned and creative. Because young children can make sentences they have never heard before, Chomsky suggested that human infants are born with the ability to learn language. Chomsky meant that underneath all the differences between public and private languages, there is a universal language mechanism that makes it possible for us, as infants, to learn any language in the world. This theory explains the potential that human infants have for learning language. But it does not really explain how children come to use language in particular ways.

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Question 30. Why does the speaker say there are great possibilities for communication breakdowns

There are numerous public and private languages.

Question 31. What is Chomsky’s point on the ability to learn a language

Human infants are born with the ability to learn language and the potential to learn any language in the world.

Question 32. What does Chomsky’s theory fail to explain according to the speaker

It does not really explain how children come to use language in particular ways.

四级听力 Passage Three



When US spacewoman Joan Higginbotham is not flying and working in space, she might be found somewhere on earth giving a speech. Higginbotham, who grew up in Chicago and became an engineer before joining NASA, that is the National Air and Space Administration, gives about a dozen speeches a year. Each speech is different because she tailors her remarks to each audience. Through interviews and E-mails, she finds out in advance her listeners' educational level and what information they want to know. On the subject of space walks, for example, audiences vary in their interests and how much complexity they can comprehend. To elementary school children, Higginbotham may discuss a problem that many kids want to know about. "How do spacemen in a spacesuit eat, drink, and go to the bathroom" Her answer is “the spacesuit is really a small spacecraft with room for food and water-containers, and a waste-collection system.” To a high school audience, she might satisfy a curiosity that often arises in her pre-speech interviews with students who obviously have seen many science fiction movies. “Do spacemen carry weapons in case they encounter enemies in space” Her answer is "No". To scientists, she might provide technical details on such topics as the design of spacesuits that protects spacemen from the deadly temperature extremes of space. Just as elaborate preparation is required for success in space, Higginbotham says that it’s important for speakers to learn as much as possible about their listeners before a speech because every audience is different. 



33. What did Joan Higginbotham do before joining in NASA

34. How does Higginbotham prepare her speech on space walks

35. What does the high school audience want to know about space travel

Compound Dictation:

　　Crime is increasing worldwide. There is every reason to believe the trend will continue through the next few decades. Crime rates have always been high in multi-cultural industrialized societies such as the United States. But a new phenomenon has appeared on the world scene: rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few offences. Street crimes such as robbery, rape, murder and auto theft are clearly rising, particularly in Eastern European countries, such as Hungary, and in Western European nations, such as the Untied Kingdom. What is driving this crime explosion There are no simple answers. Still, there are certain conditions associated with rising crime. Increasing heterogeneity of population, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of governments, changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong. These conditions are increasingly observable around the world. For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogenous, such as Japan, Denmark and Greece, are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history. Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the 21st century, and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.

英语四级听力原文材料(完整版)

第一部分

Now let's begin with the eight short conversations.

's a bad day for fell off a step and twisted my ankles.

--Don't ankle injuries heal quickly if you stop regular activities for a while.

What does the woman suggest the man do

I see your ticket, please I think you are sitting in my seat.

--Oh, you're right. My seat is in the balcony. I'm terribly sorry.

Where does the conversation most probably take place

you hear Jay Smith died in his sleep last night

--Yes, it's very sad. Please let everybody know that whoever wants to may attend the funeral.

What are the speakers talking about

you taken Professor Young's exam before I'm kind of nervous.

--Yes. Just concentrate on the important ideas she's talked about in the class ,and ignore the details.

How does the woman suggest the man prepare for Professor Young's exam

'm so sorry, sir. And you'll let me pay to have your jacket cleaned, won't you

--That's all right. It could happen to anyone. And I'm sure that coffee doesn't leave lasting marks on clothing.

What can we infer from the conversation

you seen the movie "the departed" The plot is so complicated that I really got lost.

--Yeah. I felt the same. But second time, I could put all the pieces together.

How did the two speakers fine the movie

'm really surprised you got an A on the test. You didn't seem to have done a lot of reading.

--Now you know why I never miss a lecture.

What contribute to the woman's high score

you heard about the new digital television system It lets people get about five hundred channels.

--Yeah, but I doubt that will have anything different from what we watch now.

What does the man mean

第二部分

Conversation One

W: Gosh! Have you seen this Richard M: Seeing what W: In the paper, it says there’s a man going round pretending he’s from the electricity board. He’s been calling at people’s homes, saying he’s come to check that all their appliances are safe. Then he gets around them to make him a cup of tea and while they are out of the room, he steals their money, handbag, whatever and makes off with it. M: But you know Jane, it’s partly their own fault. You should never let anyone like that in unless you are expecting them. W: It’s all very well to say that, but someone comes to the door and says electricity or gas, and you automatically think they are ok, especially if they flash a card to you. M: Does this man have an I. D. then W: Yes, that’s just it! It seems he used to work for the electricity board at one time. According to the paper, the police are warning people, especially pensioners not to admit anyone unless they have an appointment. It’s a bit sad. One old lady told them she’d just been to the post office to draw her pension when he called. She said he must have followed her home. He stole the whole lot. M: But what does he look like Surely they must have a description. W: Oh, yes, they have. Let’s see. In his thirties, tall, bushy dark hair, slight northern accent, sounds a bit like you actually.

Q19. What does the woman want the man to read in the newspaper (A theft case) Q20. How did the man mentioned in the newspaper try to win further trust from the victims (Flashing his . to them)

Q21. What is the warning from the police( not to admit anyone unless they have an appointment)

Q22. What does the woman speaker tell us about the old lady(Her pension has been stolen by the man)

第三部分

Conversation Two

M: Miss Jones, could you tell me more about your first job with hotel marketing concepts W: Yes certainly. I was a marketing consultant, responsible for marketing ten UK hotels. They were all luxury hotels in the leisure sector, all of a very high standard. M: Which markets were you responsible for W: For Europe and Japan. M: I see from your resume that you speak Japanese. Have you ever been to Japan W: Yes, I have. I spent a month in Japan in 2006. I met all the key people in the tourist industry, the big tour operators and tourist organizations. As I speak Japanese, I had a very big advantage. M: Yes, of course. Have you had any contact with Japan in your present job W: Yes, I’ve had a lot. The truth is I have become very popular with the Japanese, both for holidays and for business conferences. In fact, the market for all types of luxury holidays for the Japanese has increased a lot recently. M: Really, I’m interested to hear more about that, but first, tell me, have you ever traveled on a luxury train The Orient Express, for example. W: No I haven’t, but I have traveled on a glacier express to Switzerland and I traveled across China by train about 8 years ago. I love train travel. That’s why I’m very interested in this job.

Q23. What did the woman do in her first job(marketing consultant)

Q24. What gave the woman an advantage during her business trip in Japan(She can speak Japanese)

Q25. Why is the woman applying for the new job (She loves train travel.)

第四部分

Section B

Passage One

Time! I think a lot about time. And not just because it’s the name of the news organization I work for. Like most working people, I find time or the lack of it a never ending frustration and an unwinnable battle. My everyday is a race against the clock that I never ever seem to win. This is hardly a lonesome complaint. According to the Families and Work Institute’s national study of the changing workforce, fifty-five percent of employees say they don’t have enough time for themselves, sixty-three percent don’t have enough time for their spouses or partners, and sixty-seven percent don’t have enough time for their children. It’s also not a new complaint. I bet our ancestors returned home form hunting wild animals and gathering nuts and complained about how little time they had to pay in battle scenes on their cave wars. The difference is that the boss of animal-hunting and the head of nut-gathering probably told them to shut up or no survival for you. Today’s workers are still demanding control over their time. The difference is today’s bosses are listening. I’ve been reading a report issued today called “When Work Words” produced jointly by three organizations. They set out to find and award the employers who employ the most creative and most effective ways to give their workers flexibility. I found this report worth reading and suggest every boss should read it for ideas.

26. What is the speaker complaining about

27. What does the speaker say about our ancestors

28. Why does the speaker suggest all bosses all bosses read the report by the three organizations

Passage Two

“Loving a child is a circular business. The more you give, the more you get, the more you want to give.” Penelope Leach once said. What she said proves to be true of my blooded family. I was born in 1931. As the youngest of six children , I learned to share my parents’ love. Raising six children during the difficult times of the Great Depression took its toll on my parent’s relationship and resulted in their divorce when I was 18 years old. Daddy never had very close relationships with his children and drifted even farther away form us after the divorce.

Several years later a wonderful woman came into his life, and they were married. She had two sons, one of them still at home. Under her influence, we became a “blended family” and a good relationship developed between the two families. She always treated us as if we were her own children. They shared over twenty-five year together before our father passed away. At the time of his death, the question came up of my mother-Daddy’s first wife—attending his funeral. I will never forget the unconditional love shown by my stepmother when I asked her if she would object to Mother attending Daddy’s funeral. Without giving it a second thought, she immediately replied, “Of course not, Honey. She’s the mother of my children.”

29. According to the speaker, what contributed to her parent’s divorce

30. What brought the father closer to his own children

31. What message does the speaker want to convey in this tale

Passage Three

In February last year, my wife lost her job. Just as suddenly, the owner of the greenhouse where I worked as manager died at heart attack. His family announced that they were going to close the business because no one in the family wanted to run it. Things looked pretty gloomy. My wife and I read the want ads each day. Then one morning, as I was hanging out the “Going Out of Business” sign at the greenhouse, the door opened, and in walked a customer. She was an office manager whose company had just moved into the new office park on the edge of town. She was looking for pots and plants to place in the reception areas in the offices. “I don’t know anything about plants,” she said, “I’m sure in a few weeks they’ll all be dead.” While I was helping her select her purchases, my mind was racing. Perhaps as many as a dozen firms have recently opened offices in the new office park, and there were several hundred more acres with construction underway. That afternoon, I drove out to the office park. By six o’clock that evening, I had signed contracts with seven companies to rent plants from me and pay me a fee to maintain them. Within a week, I had worked out an agreement to lease the greenhouse from the owner’s family. Business is now increasing rapidly, and one day, we hope to be the proud owners of the greenhouse.

32. What do we learn about the greenhouse

33. What was the speaker doing when the customer walked in one morning

34. What did the speaker think of when serving the office manager

35. What was the speaker’s hope for the future

Section C

We’re now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge. Physical labor, raw materials, and capital are no longer the key ingredients in the creation of wealth. Now, the vital raw material in our economy is knowledge. Tomorrow’s wealth depends on the development and exchange of knowledge. And individuals entering the workforce offer their knowledge, not their muscles. Knowledge workers get paid for their education and their ability to learn. Knowledge worker engage in mind work. They deal with symbols: words, figures, and data.

What does all this mean for you As a future knowledge worker, you can expect to be generating, as well as exchanging information. Currently, there out of four jobs involve some form of mind work, and that number will increase sharply in the future. Management and employees alike will be making decisions in such areas as product development, quality control, and customer satisfaction.

In the new world of work, you can look forward to being in constant training to acquire new skills that will help you keep up with improved technologies and procedures. You can also expect to be taking greater control of your career. Gone are the nine-to-five jobs, lifetime security, predictable promotions, and even the conventional workplace, as you are familiar with. Don’t expect the companies will provide you with a clearly defined career path. And don’t wait for someone to “empower” you. You have to empower yourself.

2007年12月大学英语四级听力原文

Section A Conversations

　　Short Conversations

11. W: I ran into Sally the other day. I could hardly recognize her. Do you remember her from high school

　　M: Yeah, she was a little out of shape back then. Well, has she lost a lot of weight

　　Q: What does the man remember of Sally

12. W: We don’t seem to have a reservation for you, sir. I’m sorry.

　　M: But my secretary said that she had reserved a room for me here. I phoned her from the airport this morning just before I got on board the plane.

　　Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place

13. W: What would you do if you were in my place

　　M: If Paul were my son, I’d just not worry. Now that his teacher is giving him extra help and he's working hard himself, he’s sure to do well in the next exam.

　　Q: What’s the man’s suggestion to the woman

14. M: You’ve had your hands full and have been overworked during the last two weeks. I think you really need to go out and get some fresh air and sunshine.

　　W: You are right. That’s just what I’m thinking about.

　　Q: What is the woman most probably going to do

15. W: Hello, John. How are you feeling now I hear you’ve been ill.

　　M: They must have confused me with my twin brother Rods. He’s been sick all week, but I’ve never felt better in my life.

　　Q: What do we learn about the man

16. M: Did you really give away all your furniture when you moved into the new house last month

　　W: Just the useless pieces, as I’m planning to purchase a new set from Italy for the sitting room only.

　　Q: What does the woman mean

17. M: I’ve brought back your Oxford Companion to English Literature. I thought you might use it for your paper. Sorry not to have returned it earlier.

　　W: I was wondering where that book was.

　　Q: What can we infer from the conversation

18. W: To tell the truth, Tony, it never occurs to me that you are an athlete.

　　M: Oh, really Most people who meet me, including some friends of mine, don’t think so either.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation

Long Conversations

　　Conversation 1

　　M: Mary, I hope you're packed and ready to leave.

　　W: Yes, I’m packed, but not quite ready. I can’t find my passport.

　　M: Your passport That’s the one thing you mustn’t leave behind.

　　W: I know. I haven’t lost it. I’ve packed it, but I can’t remember which bag it’s in.

　　M: Well, you have to find it at the airport. Come on, the taxi is waiting.

　　W: Did you say taxi I thought we were going in your car.

　　M: Yes, well, I have planned to, but I’ll explain later. You’ve got to be there in an hour.

　　W: The plane doesn’t leave for two hours. Anyway, I’m ready to go now.

　　M: Now, you're taking just one case, is that right

　　W: No, there is one in the hall as well.

　　M: Gosh, what a lot of stuff! You're taking enough for a month instead of a week.

　　W: Well, you can’t depend on the weather. It might be cold.

　　M: It’s never cold in Rome. Certainly not in May. Come on, we really must go.

　　W: Right, we're ready. We’ve got the bags, I’m sure there's no need to rush.

　　M: There is. I asked the taxi driver to wait two minutes, not twenty.

　　W: Look, I’m supposed to be going away to relax. You're making me nervous.

　　M: Well, I want you to relax on holiday, but you can’t relax yet.

　　W: OK, I promise not to relax, at least not until we get to the airport and I find my passport.

　　Questions 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　Q19: What does the woman say about her passport

　　Q20: What do we know about the woman’s trip

　　Q21: Why does the man urge the woman to hurry

　　Q22: Where does the conversation most probably take place

Conversation 2

　　W: Oh, I’m fed up with my job.

　　M: Hey, there's a perfect job for you in the paper today. You might be interested.

　　W: Oh, what is it What do they want

　　M: Wait a minute. Uh, here it is. The European Space Agency is recruiting translators.

　　W: The European Space Agency

　　M: Well, that’s what it says. They need an English translator to work from French or German.

　　W: So they need a degree in French or German, I suppose. Well, I’ve got that. What’s more, I have plenty of experience. What else are they asking for

　　M: Just that. A university degree and three or four years of experience as a translator in a professional environment. They also say the person should have a lively and inquiring mind, effective communication skills and the ability to work individually or as a part of the team.

　　W: Well, if I stay at my present job much longer, I won’t have any mind or skills left. By the way, what about salary I just hope it isn’t lower than what I get now.

　　M: It’s said to be negotiable. It depends on the applicant’s education and experience. In addition to basic salary, there's a list of extra benefits. Have a look yourself.

　　W: Hm, travel and social security plus relocation expenses are paid. Hey, this isn’t bad. I really want the job.

　　Questions 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　Q23: Why is the woman trying to find a new job

　　Q24: What position is being advertised in the paper

　　Q25: What are the key factors that determine the salary of the new position

Section B Short Passages

　　Passage 1

　　When couples get married, they usually plan to have children. Sometimes, however, a couple can not have a child of their own. In this case, they may decide to adopt a child. In fact, adoption is very common today. There are about 60 thousand adoptions each year in the United States alone. Some people prefer to adopt infants, others adopt older children, some couples adopt children from their own countries, others adopt children from foreign countries. In any case, they all adopt children for the same reason ---- they care about children and want to give their adopted child a happy life.

　　Most adopted children know that they are adopted. Psychologists and child-care experts generally think this is a good idea. However, many adopted children or adoptees have very little information about their biological parents. As a matter of fact, it is often very difficult for adoptees to find out about their birth parents because the birth records of most adoptees are usually sealed. The information is secret so no one can see it. Naturally, adopted children have different feelings about their birth parents. Many adoptees want to search for them, but others do not. The decision to search for birth parents is a difficult one to make. Most adoptees have mixed feelings about finding their biological parents. Even though adoptees do not know about their natural parents, they do know that their adopted parents want them, love them and will care for them.

　　Questions 26-29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　26. According to the speaker, why do some couples adopt children

　　27. Why is it difficult for adoptees to find out about their birth parents

　　28. Why do many adoptees find it hard to make the decision to search for their birth parents

　　29. What can we infer from the passage

Passage 2

　　Katherine Gram graduated from University of Chicago in 1938 and got a job as a news reporter in San Francisco. Katherine’s father used to be a successful investment banker. In 1933, he bought a failing newspaper, the Washington Post.

　　Then Katherine returned to Washington and got a job, editing letters in her father’s newspaper. She married Philip Gram, who took over his father-in-law’s position shortly after and became publisher of the Washington Post. But for many years, her husband suffered from mental illness and he killed himself in 1963. After her husband’s death, Katherine operated the newspaper. In the 1970s, the newspaper became famous around the world and Katherine was also recognized as an important leader in newspaper publishing. She was the first woman to head a major American publishing company, the Washington Post company. In a few years, she successfully expanded the company to include newspaper, magazine, broadcast and cable companies.

　　She died of head injuries after a fall when she was 84. More than 3 thousand people attended her funeral including many government and business leaders. Her friends said she would be remembered as a woman who had an important influence on events in the United States and the world. Katherine once wrote, “The world without newspapers would not be the same kind of world”. After her death, the employees of the Washington Post wrote, “The world without Katherine would not be the same at all.”

　　Questions 30-32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　30. What do we learn from the passage about Katherine’s father

　　31. What does the speaker tell us about Katherine Gram

　　32. What does the comment by employees of the Washington Post suggest

Passage 3

　　Obtaining good health insurance is a real necessity while you are studying overseas. It protects you from minor and major medical expenses that can wipe out not only your savings but your dreams of an education abroad. There are often two different types of health insurance you can consider buying, international travel insurance and student insurance in the country where you will be going.

　　An international travel insurance policy is usually purchased in your home country before you go abroad. It generally covers a wide variety of medical services and you are often given a list of doctors in the area where you will travel who may even speak your native language. The drawback might be that you may not get your money back immediately, in other words, you may have to pay all you medical expenses and then later submit your receipts to the insurance company.

　　On the other hand, getting student heath insurance in the country where you will study might allow you to only pay a certain percentage of the medical cost at the time of service and thus you don’t have to have sufficient cash to pay the entire bill at once. Whatever you decide, obtaining some form of health insurance is something you should consider before you go overseas. You shouldn’t wait until you are sick with major medical bills to pay off.

　　Questions 33-35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　33. Why does the speaker advice overseas students to buy health insurance

　　34. What is the drawback of students buying international travel insurance

　　35. What does the speaker say about students getting health insurance in the country where they will study

Section C Compound Dictation



　　More and more of the world’s population are living in towns or cities. The speed at which cities are growing in the less developed countries is alarming. Between 1920 and 1960, big cities in developed countries increased two and a half times in size, but in other parts of the world the growth was eight times their size. The sheer size of growth is bad enough, but there are now also very disturbing signs of trouble in the comparison of percentages of people living in towns and percentages of people working in industry. During the 19th century, cities grew as a result of the growth of industry. In Europe, the proportion of people living in cities was always smaller than that of the work force working in factories. Now, however, the reverse is almost always true in the newly industrialized world. The percentage of people living in cities is much higher than the percentage working in industry. Without a base of people working in industry, these cities cannot pay for their growth. There is not enough money to build adequate houses for the people that live there, let alone the new arrivals. There has been little opportunity to build water supplies or other facilities. So the figures for the growth of towns and cities represent proportional growth of unemployment and underemployment, a growth in the number of hopeless and despairing parents and starving children.

2007年6月

听力原文及答案

: Did you watch the 7 o* clock program on channel 2 yesterday evening I was about to watch it when someone came to see me. M: Yeah! It reported some major breakthrough in cancer research. People over 40 would find a program worth watching. Q: What do we learn from the conversation about the TV program

: I won a first prize in the National Writing Contest and I got this camera as an awards I

M: It' s a good camera! You can take it when you travel. I had no idea you were a marvelous writer.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

: I wish I hadn' t thrown away that reading list!

W: I though you might regret it. That* s why I picked it up from the waste paper basket and left it on the desk.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

: Are you still teaching at the junior high school

M: Not since June. My brother and I opened a restaurant as soon as

he got out of the army.

Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation

: Hi, Susan! Have you finished reading the book Professor Johnsoi recommended

W: Oh, I haven' t read it through the way I read a novel. I just read a few chapters which interested me.

Q: What does the woman mean

: Jane missed the class again, didn* t she I wonder why

W: Well, I knew she had been absent all week. So I called her this morning to see if she was sick. It turned out that her husband was badly injured in a car accident.

Q:What does the woman say about Jane

: I' m sure the Smiths' new house is somewhere on the street,but I don‘ t know exactly where it is.

M: But I’ m told it' s two blocks from their old home.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

: I’ ve been waiting here almost half an hour! How come it took you so long

M: Sorry, honey! I had to drive two blocks before I spotted a place to park the car.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

2007年6月四级听力长对话原文

Conversation One:

M: Hello, I have a reservation for tonight.

W: Your name, please.

M: Nelson, Charles Nelson.

W: Ok, Mr. Nelson. That' s a room for five and...

M: But excuse me, you mean a room for five pounds I didn' t know the special was so good.

W: No, no, hold no-according to our records, a room for 5 guests was booked under your name.

M: No, no---hold on. You must have two guests under the name.

W: Ok, let me check this again. Oh, here we are.

M:Yeah

W: Charles Nelson, a room for one for the 19th...

M: Wait, wait. It' s for tonight, not tomorrow night.

W: Em..., I don' t think we have any rooms for tonight. There' sa conference going on in town and---er, let' s see...yeah, no rooms.

M: Oh, come on! You must have something, anything!

W: Well, let---let me check my computer here...Ah!

M: What

M: Oh, come on! You must have something, anything!

W: There has been a cancellation for this evening. A honeymoon

suite is now available.

M: Great, I' II take it.

W: But, I 'II have to charge you 150 pounds for the night.

M: What I should have a discount for the inconvenience!

W: Well, the best I can give you is a 10% discount plus a ticket for a

free continent breakfast.

M: Hey, isn't the breakfast free anyway

W: Well, only on weekends.

M: I want to talk to the manager.

W: Wait, wait, wait...Mr. Nelson, I think I can give you an additional 15% discount...

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard:

19. What' s the man' s problem

20. Why did the hotel clerk say they didn’t' t have any rooms for that night

21. What did the clerk say about the breakfast in the hotel

22. What did the man imply he would do at the end of the conversation

Conversation Two:

M: Sarah, you work in the admissions office, don’t you

W: Yes, I' ve been here ten years as assistant director.

M: Really What does that involve

W: Well, T m in charge of all the admissions of postgraduate students in the university.

M: Only postgraduates

W: Yes, postgraduates only. I have nothing at all to do with undergraduates.

M: Do you find that you get particular-sort of...

different national groups I mean, do you get large numbers from Latin America or...

W: Yes. Well, of all the students enrolled last year, nearly half were

from overseas. They were from African countries, the Far East, the

Middle East, and Latin America.

M: Em. But have you been doing just that for the last 10 years, or,

have you done other things

W: Well, I' ve been doing the same job. Er, before that, I was secretary of the medical school at Birmingham, and further back, I worked in the local government.

M: Oh, I see.

W: So T’ve done different types of things.

M: Yes, indeed. How do you imagine your job might develop in the future Can you imagine shifting into a different kind of responsibility or doing something...

W: Oh, yeah, from October 1,I' II be doing an entirely different job.

There' s going to be more committee work. I mean, more policy work, and less dealing with students, unfortunately-T II miss my contact with students.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you' ve just heard:

23. What is the woman' s present position

24. What do we learn about the postgraduates enrolled last year in the woman' s university

25. What will the woman' s new job be like

复合式听写原文

Students' pressure sometimes comes from their parents. Most parents are well meaning, but some of them aren' i very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in adjusting to college. And a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their children' s difficulties. For one thing, parents are often not aware of the kinds of problems their children face. They don' t realize that the competition is keener, that the required standards of work are higher, and that their children may not be prepared for the change. Accustomed to seeing A' s and B' s on the high school report cards, they may be upset when their children' s first semester college grades are below that level. At their kindest, they may gently inquire why John or Mary isn' t doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should, and so on. At their worst, they may threaten to take their children out of college, or cut off funds. Sometimes parents regard their children as extensions of themselves, and think it only right and natural that they determine what their children do with their lives. In their involvement and identification with their children, they forget that everyone is different, and that each person must develop in his or her own way. They forget that their children, who are now young adults, must be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are.

参考答案：

Section C compound dictation

36 meaning 37 adjusting

38 aware 39 competition

40 standards 41 accustomed

42 semester 43 inquire

44 at their worst, they may threaten to take their children out of college or cut off funds.

45 think it only right and natural that they determine what their children do with their lives.

46 who are now young adults, must be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are..

2006年12月23日英语新四级听力原文（文字版）

   Section A: Conversations

　　1. Short Conversations

11. M: Christmas is around the corner. And I’m looking for a gift for my girlfriend. Any suggestions

　　W: Well you have to tell me something about your girlfriend first. Also, what’s your budget

　　Q: What does the woman want the man to do

12. M: What would you like for dessert I think I’ll have apple pie and ice cream.

　　W: The chocolate cake looks great, but I have to watch my weight. You go ahead and get yours.

　　Q: What would the woman most probably do

13. W: Having visited so many countries, you must be able to speak several different languages.

　　M: I wish I could. But Japanese and of course English are the only languages I can speak.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation

14. M: Professor Smith asked me to go to his office after class. So it’s impossible for me to make it to the bar at ten.

　　W: Then it seems that we’ll have to meet an hour later at the library.

　　Q: What will the man do first after class

15. M: It’s already 11 now. Do you mean I ought to wait until Mr. Bloom comes back from the class

　　W: Not really. You can just leave a note. I’ll give it to her later.

　　Q: What does the woman mean

16. M: How is John now Is he feeling any better

　　W: Not yet. It still seems impossible to make him smile. Talking to him is really difficult and he gets upset easily over little things.

　　Q: What do we learn about John from the conversation

17. M: Do we have to get the opera tickets in advance

　　W: Certainly. Tickets at the door are usually sold at a higher price.

　　Q: What does the woman imply

　　18. M: The taxi driver must have been speeding.

　　W: Well, not really. He crashed into the tree because he was trying not to hit a box that had fallen off the truck ahead of him.

　　Q: What do we learn about the taxi driver

　　2. Long Conversations:

　　Conversation 1

　　W: Hey, Bob, guess what I’m going to visit Quebec next summer. I’m invited to go to a friend’s wedding.

　　But while I’m there I’d also like to do some sightseeing.

　　M: That’s nice, Shelly. But do you mean the province of Quebec, or Quebec City

W: I mean the province. My friend’s wedding is in Montreal. I’m going there first. I’ll stay for five days. Is Montreal the capital city of the province

　　M: Well, Many people think so because it’s the biggest city. But it’s not the capital. Quebec City is. But Montreal is great. The Saint Royal River runs right through the middle of the city. It’s beautiful in summer.

　　W: Wow, and do you think I can get by in English My French is OK, but not that good. I know most people there speak French, but can I also use English

　　M: Well, People speak both French and English there. But you’ll hear French most of the time. And all the street signs are in French. In fact, Montreal is the third largest French speaking city in the world. So you’d better practice your French before you go.

　　W: Good advice. What about Quebec City I’ll visit a friend from college who lives there now. What’s it like

　　M: It’s a beautiful city, very old. Many old buildings have been nicely restored. Some of them were built in the 17th or 18th centuries. You’ll love there.

　　W: Fantastic. I can’t wait to go.

　　Questions:

　　19. What’s the woman’s main purpose of visiting Quebec

　　20. What does the man advise the woman to do before the trip

　　21. What does the man say about the Quebec City

　　Conversation 2

　　M: Hi, Miss Rowling, how old were you when you started to write And what was your first book

　　W: I wrote my first Finnish (finished) story when I was about six. It was about a small animal, a rabbit, I mean. And I’ve been writing ever since

　　M: Why did you choose to be an author

　　W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness. Step One would be finding out what you love doing most. Step two would be finding someone to pay you to do this. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing

　　M: Do you have any plans to write books for adults

　　W: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one. But I never really imagine a target audience when I’m writing. The ideas come first. So it really depends on the ideas that grasp me next.

　　M: where did the ideas for the “Harry Potter” books come from

　　I’ve no ideas where the ideas came from. And I hope I’ll never find out. It would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny wrinkle on the surface of my brain, which makes me think about the invisible train platform.

　　M: How did you come up with the names of your characters

　　I invented some of them. But I also collected strange names. I’ve got one from ancient saints, maps, dictionaries, plants, war memoirs and people I met.

　　M: Oh, you are really resourceful.

　　Questions:

　　22. What do we learn from the conversation about Miss Rowling’s first book

　　23. Why does Miss Rowling consider her so very lucky

　　24. What dictates Miss Rowling’s writing

　　25. According to Miss Rowling where did she get the ideas for the Harry Porter books

　　Section B: Passages

　　Passage 1

　　Reducing the amount of sleep students get at night has a direct impact on their performance at school during the day. According to classroom teachers, elementary and middle school students who stay up late exhibit more learning and attention problems. This has been shown by Brown Medical School and Bradley Hospital research. In the study, teachers were not told the amount of sleep students received when completing weekly performance reports, yet they rated the students who had received eight hours or less as having the most trouble recalling all the material，learning new lessons and completing high-quality work. Teachers also reported that these students had more difficulty paying attention. The experiment is the first to ask teachers to report on the effects of sleep deficiency in children. Just staying up late can cause increased academic difficulty and attention problems for otherwise healthy, well-functioning kids, said Garharn Forlone, the study’s lead author. So the results provide professionals and parents with a clear message: when a child is having learning and attention problems, the issue of sleep has to be taken into consideration. “If we don’t ask about sleep, and try to improve sleep patterns in kids’ struggling academically, then we aren’t doing our job”, Forlone said. For parents, he said, the message is simple, “getting kids to bed on time is as important as getting them to school on time”.

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Question 26: What were teachers told to do in the experiment

　　Question 27: According to the experiment, what problem can insufficient sleep cause in students

　　Question 28: What message did the researcher intend to convey to parents

　　Passage 2

　　Patricia Pania never wanted to be a public figure. All she wanted to be was a mother and home-maker. But her life was turned upside down when a motorist, distracted by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car. The impact killed her 2-year-old daughter. Four months later, Pania reluctantly but courageously decided to try to educate the public and to fight for laws to ban drivers from using cell phones while a car is moving. She wanted to save other children from what happened to her daughter. In her first speech, Pania got off to a shaky start. She was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain. But as she got into her speech, a dramatic transformation took place. She stopped shaking and spoke with a strong voice. For the rest of her talk, she was a forceful and compelling speaker. She wanted everyone in the audience to know what she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy. Many in the audience were moved to tears and to action. In subsequent presentations, Pania gained reputation as a highly effective speaker. Her appearance on a talk show was broadcast three times, transmitting her message to over 40 million people. Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem, and prompted over 300 cities and several states to consider restrictions on cell phone use.

　　Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Question 29: What was the significant change in Patricia Pania’s life

　　Question 30: What had led to Pania’s personal tragedy

　　Question 31: How did Pania feel when she began her first speech

　　Question 32: What could be expected as a result of Pania’s efforts

　　Passage 3

　　Many people catch a cold in the spring time or fall. It makes us wonder if scientists can send a man to the moon. Why can’t they find a cure for the common cold The answer is easy. There’re actually hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there. You never know which one you will get, so there isn’t a cure for each one. When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and causes a blockade in it. You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well, but your body is actually eating the virus. Your temperature rises and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a running nose to stop the virus from getting into your cells. You may feel miserable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold. Different people have different remedies for colds. In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot bath and drink warm liquids. Other people take medicines to relieve various symptoms of colds. There was one interesting thing to note. Some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer, because your body doesn’t develop a way to fight it and kill it.

　　Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Question 33: According to the passage, why haven’t scientists found a cure for the common cold

　　Question 34: What does the speaker say about the symptoms of the common cold

　　Question 35: What do some scientists say about taking medicines for the common cold, according to the passage

　　Section C: Compound dictation:

　　You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways depending on the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level. English is no exception. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books and in business letters. You would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with colleagues, family members and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends. Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. First, formal language tends to be more polite. What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or a family member “Close the door, please”, but to a stranger, I probably would say “Would you mind closing the door” Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let’s say that I really like soccer. If I am talking to my friend, I might say “I am just crazy about soccer”, but if I were talking to my boss, I would probably say “I really enjoy soccer”.

2006年12月23日英语新四级听力原文（文字版）

   Section A: Conversations

　　1. Short Conversations

11. M: Christmas is around the corner. And I’m looking for a gift for my girlfriend. Any suggestions

　　W: Well you have to tell me something about your girlfriend first. Also, what’s your budget

　　Q: What does the woman want the man to do

12. M: What would you like for dessert I think I’ll have apple pie and ice cream.

　　W: The chocolate cake looks great, but I have to watch my weight. You go ahead and get yours.

　　Q: What would the woman most probably do

13. W: Having visited so many countries, you must be able to speak several different languages.

　　M: I wish I could. But Japanese and of course English are the only languages I can speak.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation

14. M: Professor Smith asked me to go to his office after class. So it’s impossible for me to make it to the bar at ten.

　　W: Then it seems that we’ll have to meet an hour later at the library.

　　Q: What will the man do first after class

15. M: It’s already 11 now. Do you mean I ought to wait until Mr. Bloom comes back from the class

　　W: Not really. You can just leave a note. I’ll give it to her later.

　　Q: What does the woman mean

16. M: How is John now Is he feeling any better

　　W: Not yet. It still seems impossible to make him smile. Talking to him is really difficult and he gets upset easily over little things.

　　Q: What do we learn about John from the conversation

17. M: Do we have to get the opera tickets in advance

　　W: Certainly. Tickets at the door are usually sold at a higher price.

　　Q: What does the woman imply

18. M: The taxi driver must have been speeding.

　　W: Well, not really. He crashed into the tree because he was trying not to hit a box that had fallen off the truck ahead of him.

　　Q: What do we learn about the taxi driver

　　2. Long Conversations:

　　Conversation 1

　　W: Hey, Bob, guess what I’m going to visit Quebec next summer. I’m invited to go to a friend’s wedding.

　　But while I’m there I’d also like to do some sightseeing.

　　M: That’s nice, Shelly. But do you mean the province of Quebec, or Quebec City

W: I mean the province. My friend’s wedding is in Montreal. I’m going there first. I’ll stay for five days. Is Montreal the capital city of the province

　　M: Well, Many people think so because it’s the biggest city. But it’s not the capital. Quebec City is. But Montreal is great. The Saint Royal River runs right through the middle of the city. It’s beautiful in summer.

　　W: Wow, and do you think I can get by in English My French is OK, but not that good. I know most people there speak French, but can I also use English

　　M: Well, People speak both French and English there. But you’ll hear French most of the time. And all the street signs are in French. In fact, Montreal is the third largest French speaking city in the world. So you’d better practice your French before you go.

　　W: Good advice. What about Quebec City I’ll visit a friend from college who lives there now. What’s it like

　　M: It’s a beautiful city, very old. Many old buildings have been nicely restored. Some of them were built in the 17th or 18th centuries. You’ll love there.

　　W: Fantastic. I can’t wait to go.

　　Questions:

　　19. What’s the woman’s main purpose of visiting Quebec

　　20. What does the man advise the woman to do before the trip

　　21. What does the man say about the Quebec City

　　Conversation 2

　　M: Hi, Miss Rowling, how old were you when you started to write And what was your first book

　　W: I wrote my first Finnish (finished) story when I was about six. It was about a small animal, a rabbit, I mean. And I’ve been writing ever since

　　M: Why did you choose to be an author

　　W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness. Step One would be finding out what you love doing most. Step two would be finding someone to pay you to do this. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing

　　M: Do you have any plans to write books for adults

　　W: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one. But I never really imagine a target audience when I’m writing. The ideas come first. So it really depends on the ideas that grasp me next.

　　M: where did the ideas for the “Harry Potter” books come from

　　I’ve no ideas where the ideas came from. And I hope I’ll never find out. It would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny wrinkle on the surface of my brain, which makes me think about the invisible train platform.

　　M: How did you come up with the names of your characters

　　I invented some of them. But I also collected strange names. I’ve got one from ancient saints, maps, dictionaries, plants, war memoirs and people I met.

　　M: Oh, you are really resourceful.

　　Questions:

　　22. What do we learn from the conversation about Miss Rowling’s first book

　　23. Why does Miss Rowling consider her so very lucky

　　24. What dictates Miss Rowling’s writing

　　25. According to Miss Rowling where did she get the ideas for the Harry Porter books

　　Section B: Passages

　　Passage 1

　　Reducing the amount of sleep students get at night has a direct impact on their performance at school during the day. According to classroom teachers, elementary and middle school students who stay up late exhibit more learning and attention problems. This has been shown by Brown Medical School and Bradley Hospital research. In the study, teachers were not told the amount of sleep students received when completing weekly performance reports, yet they rated the students who had received eight hours or less as having the most trouble recalling all the material，learning new lessons and completing high-quality work. Teachers also reported that these students had more difficulty paying attention. The experiment is the first to ask teachers to report on the effects of sleep deficiency in children. Just staying up late can cause increased academic difficulty and attention problems for otherwise healthy, well-functioning kids, said Garharn Forlone, the study’s lead author. So the results provide professionals and parents with a clear message: when a child is having learning and attention problems, the issue of sleep has to be taken into consideration. “If we don’t ask about sleep, and try to improve sleep patterns in kids’ struggling academically, then we aren’t doing our job”, Forlone said. For parents, he said, the message is simple, “getting kids to bed on time is as important as getting them to school on time”.

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Question 26: What were teachers told to do in the experiment

　　Question 27: According to the experiment, what problem can insufficient sleep cause in students

　　Question 28: What message did the researcher intend to convey to parents

　　Passage 2

　　Patricia Pania never wanted to be a public figure. All she wanted to be was a mother and home-maker. But her life was turned upside down when a motorist, distracted by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car. The impact killed her 2-year-old daughter. Four months later, Pania reluctantly but courageously decided to try to educate the public and to fight for laws to ban drivers from using cell phones while a car is moving. She wanted to save other children from what happened to her daughter. In her first speech, Pania got off to a shaky start. She was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain. But as she got into her speech, a dramatic transformation took place. She stopped shaking and spoke with a strong voice. For the rest of her talk, she was a forceful and compelling speaker. She wanted everyone in the audience to know what she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy. Many in the audience were moved to tears and to action. In subsequent presentations, Pania gained reputation as a highly effective speaker. Her appearance on a talk show was broadcast three times, transmitting her message to over 40 million people. Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem, and prompted over 300 cities and several states to consider restrictions on cell phone use.

　　Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Question 29: What was the significant change in Patricia Pania’s life

　　Question 30: What had led to Pania’s personal tragedy

　　Question 31: How did Pania feel when she began her first speech

　　Question 32: What could be expected as a result of Pania’s efforts

　　Passage 3

　　Many people catch a cold in the spring time or fall. It makes us wonder if scientists can send a man to the moon. Why can’t they find a cure for the common cold The answer is easy. There’re actually hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there. You never know which one you will get, so there isn’t a cure for each one. When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and causes a blockade in it. You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well, but your body is actually eating the virus. Your temperature rises and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a running nose to stop the virus from getting into your cells. You may feel miserable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold. Different people have different remedies for colds. In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot bath and drink warm liquids. Other people take medicines to relieve various symptoms of colds. There was one interesting thing to note. Some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer, because your body doesn’t develop a way to fight it and kill it.

　　Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Question 33: According to the passage, why haven’t scientists found a cure for the common cold

　　Question 34: What does the speaker say about the symptoms of the common cold

　　Question 35: What do some scientists say about taking medicines for the common cold, according to the passage

　　Section C: Compound dictation:

　　You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways depending on the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level. English is no exception. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books and in business letters. You would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with colleagues, family members and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends. Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. First, formal language tends to be more polite. What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or a family member “Close the door, please”, but to a stranger, I probably would say “Would you mind closing the door” Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let’s say that I really like soccer. If I am talking to my friend, I might say “I am just crazy about soccer”, but if I were talking to my boss, I would probably say “I really enjoy soccer”.

附：听力原文

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

11. M: What would be like working with those young stars

W: It was a great group, I always got mad when people said that we didn’t get along, just because we were girls, there was never a fight. We had a great time.

Q: What does the woman mean

12. M: Are you telling me you don’t have a house-keeper

W: No, we don’t. If you make a mess, you clean it up yourself.

Q: What do we learn from this conversation

13. W: I hear that the Edwards are thinking of buying another house.

M: Should they be doing that with all the other expenses they have to pay Anyhow, they are over 70 now, their present house is not too bad.

Q: What does the man imply

14. M: You look like you are freezing to death. Why don’t you put this on

W: Thank you, it was so warm at noon. I didn’t expect the weather to change so quickly.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

15. M: I’ll have the steak, French Fries, and let’s see, chocolate ice-cream for dissert.

W: Oh, Oh, you know these things will ruin your health, too much fat and sugar, how about ordering some vegetables and fruit instead

Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place

16. M: What was it like growing up in New York’s Bronx District Was it safe

W: To me, it was. It was all I knew. My mom would send me to the shop and I’d go and buy things when I was about 8 years old.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

17. M: Nice weather, isn’t it Oh, I’ve seen you around the office, but I don’t think we’ve met, I am Henry Smith, I work in the Market Research Section.

W: Nice to meet you, Henry. I am Helen Grant, I am in the Advertising Section on the ninth floor.

Q: What can we infer from the conversation

18. M: Mam, I hear you have an apartment for rent, can I take a look at it

W: Sure, you’re welcome any time by appointment, but I have to tell you the building is close to a railway with the noise. You might as well save the trip.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation

Conversation 1

W: Please have a seat, Mr. Thunders. I recieved your job resume last week, and was very impressed.

M: Thank you!

W: We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds. May I ask why you are interested in working for us

M: Your company has an impressive reputation and I always want to work for a smaller company.

W: That’s good to hear. Would you mind telling me a little bit about your present job

M: I’m currently working in a large international company in charge of team of 8 brokers, we buy and sell stocks for major clients worldwide.

W: Why do you think you are the right candidate for this position

M: As a head broker, I have a lot of experience in the stock market, I deal with the clients on the daily bases, and I enjoy working with people.

W: Well, you might just be the person we’ve been looking for. Do you have any questions

M: Uh-hum, if I were hired, how many accounts would I be handling

W: You will be working with two other head brokers, in another words, you will be handling about a third of our clients.

M: And who would I report to

W: Directly to me.

M: I see. What kind of benefits package do you offer

W: Two weeks of paid vacation in your first year employment, you are also been entitled to medical and dental insurance, but this is something you should discuss with our Personnel Department. Do you have any other questions

M: No, not at the moment.

W: Well, I have to discuss your application with my colleagues and we’ll get back to you early next week.

M: OK, thanks, it’s been nice meeting you!

W: Nice meeting you too! And thanks for coming in today.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. What’s the purpose of Mr. Thunder’s visit

20. What is Mr. Thunder’s current job

21. What can we conclude from the conversation

Conversation 2:

M: Hey, Carren, you are not really reading it, are you

W: Pardon

M: The book! You haven’t turned the page in the last ten minutes.

W: No, Jim, I suppose I haven’t. I need to get through although, but I keep drifting away.

M: So it doesn’t really hold your interest

W: No, not really. I wouldn’t bother with it, to be honest, but I have to read it for a seminar. I’m at a university.

M: It’s a labor of labor then rather than a labor of love.

W: I should say, I don’t like Dickens at all really, the author, indeed, I am starting to like the whole course less and less.

M: It’s not just the book, it’s the course as well

W: Yeah, in a way, although the course itself isn’t really that bad, a lot of it is pretty good, in fact, and the lecturers are fine. It’s me, I suppose. You see, I want to do philosophy rather than English, but my parents took me out of it.

M: So the courses are OK as such. It’s just that hadn’t been left to you. You would choose a different one.

W: Oh, they had my best interest, it’s hard, of course, my parents. They always do, don’t they They believe that my job prospect would be pretty limited with the degree of philosophy. Perhaps they give me really a generous allowance, but I am beginning to feel that I’m wasting my time and their money. They would be so disappointed though if I told them I was quitting.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22. Why can’t Carren concentrate on the book

23. Why is Carren starting to like the course less and less

24. Who think Philosophy graduates have limited job opportunities

25. What is Carren thinking of doing

Section B

Passage One

In Greece, only rich people will rest in peace for ever when they die. Most of the population, however, will be undisturbed for only three years, then they will be dug up, washed, compressed into a small tin box, and placed in a bone room. If the body has only partially decayed, it is reburied in a smaller cheaper grave, but not for long, the body will be dug up again some time later when it has fully decayed. Buying a piece of land for a grave is the only way to avoid this process. The cost of the grave is so great that most people choose to rent a grave for three years and even after being dug up, lasting peace is still not guaranteed. If no one pays for renting space in the bone room, the skeleton is removed and stored in a building in a poor part of the town. Lack of space in Amphons is the main reason why the dead are dug up after three years. The city is so overcrowded that sometimes dead bodies are kept in the hospitals for over a week until a grave is found. Amphons city council wants to introduce cremation that is burning the dead bodies as a means of dealing with the problem. But the Greek Church resists this practice, they believe the only place where people burn is a hell, so burning dead bodies is against the Greek concept of life after death. To save space, the church suggested burying the bodies standing up instead of lying down. Some people proposed building multi-storey underground grave yards.

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. What must Greeks do to keep the dead resting in ever-lasting peace

27. Why are most dead bodies in Amphons dug up after three years

28. What suggestions does the church give about the burying of the dead bodies

29. What practice does the Greek church object to

Passage Two

If you visit a big city anywhere in the world, you will probably find a restaurant would serve the food of your own native country. Most large cities in the United States offer international sample of foods. Many people enjoy eating the food of other nations. This is probably one reason why there are so many different kinds of restaurants in the United States. A second reason is that many Americans come from other parts of the world. They enjoy tasting the foods of their native lands. In the city of Detroit, for example, there are many people from western Europe, Greece, Latin America, and the Far East. There are many restaurants in Detroit which serve the foods of these areas. There are many other international restaurants too. Americans enjoy the foods in these restaurants as well as the opportunity to better understand the people and their way of life. One of the most common international restaurants to be found in the United States is the Italian restaurant. The restaurant may be a small business run by a single family. The mother of the family cooks all of the dishes, and the father and children serve the people who come to eat there. Or it may be a large restaurant owned by several different people who worked together in the business. Many Italian dishes that Americans enjoy are made with meats, tomatoes and cheese. They are very delicious and tasty.

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30. Why are there so many international restaurants in the United States

31. Why do Americans like to go to international restaurants apart from enjoying the foods there

32. How is it typical Italian family restaurant run in the United States

Passage Three

One winter day in 1891, a class of training school in Massachusetts, U. S. A, went into the gym for their daily exercises. Since the football season had ended, most of young men felt they were in for a boring time. But their teacher, Janes Nasmith had other ideas. He had been working for a long time on the new game that would have the excitement of American football. Nasmith showed the men a basket he had hung at the each end of the gym, and explained that they were going to use a round European football, at first everybody tried to throw the ball into the basket no matter where he was standing. “Pass! Pass!” Nasmith kept shouting, blowing his whistle to stop the excited players. Slowly, they began to understand what was wanted of them. The problem with the new game, which was soon called “basketball”, was getting the ball out of the basket. They used ordinary food baskets with bottoms, and the ball, of course, stayed inside. At first, someone had to climb up every time a basket was scored. It was several years before someone came up with the idea of removing the bottom of the basket and letting the ball fall through. There have been many changes in the rules since then, and basketball has become one of the world’s most popular sports.

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33. What did Nasmith do to entertain his students one winter day

34. According to the speaker, what was the problem with the new game

35. How was the problem with the new game solved

Section C

For Americans, time is money. They say, “You only get so much time in this life; you’d better use it wisely.” The (36) future will not be better than the past or present, as Americans are (37) trained to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activities. Thus, Americans (38) admire a “well-organized” person, one who has a written list of things to do and a (39) schedule for doing them. The ideal person is punctual and is (40) considerate of other people’s time. They do not (41) waste people’s time with conversation or other activity that has no (42) visible beneficial outcome.

The American attitude toward time is not (43) necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans. They are more likely to regard time as (44) something that is simply there around them, not something they can use. One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the States is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.

In this context, (45) the fast food industry can be seen as a clear example of American cultural product. Mc Donald’s, KFC, and other fast food establishments are successful in a country where many people want to spend the least amount of time preparing and eating meals. As McDonald’s restaurants (46) spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.

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