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发布时间：2015-06-07 来源：文档文库

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For years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking multivitamins does is give them extensive urine (尿.多年以来，医生们建议他的病人们，摄入多种维生素会导致他们多尿 After all, true vitamin deficiencies are practically unheard of in industrialized countries.毕竟维生素的缺陷在不发达的国家是不为人所知的Now it seems those doctors may have been wrong. 现在看来这些医生都搞错了The results of a growing number of studies suggest that even a modest vitamin shortfall can be harmful to your health. 越来越多的研究表明，维生素的摄入量哪怕只是减少一点点都会对健康造成很大的影响Although proof of the benefits of multivitamins is still far from certain, the few dollars you spend on them is probably a good investment.虽然多种维生素对身体有益的证明还不是很清楚，在他们升上花上几美元还是个不错的投资 Or at least that’s the argument put forward in the New England Journal of Medicine. Ideally, say Dr. Walter Willett and Dr. Meir Stampfer of Harvard, all vitamin supplements would be evaluated in scientifically rigorous clinical trials.之上这个争论是被英国医学部讨论，理想的说，哈佛大学的某某和某某认为，所有的维生素供应都会被在实验的基础上科学的评估
But those studies can take a long time and often raise more questions than they answer. 但是这些研究会花很多的时间，涌现出来的问题比他们解决的还多At some point, while researchers work on
figuring out where the truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the cost.从某种以上讲，研究员们致力于找出真相，这才符合他们耗费的资源
The best evidence to date concerns folate, one of the B vitamins. It’s been proved to limit the number of defects in embryos (胚胎, and a recent trial found that folate in combination with vitamin B 12 and a form of B6 also decreases the re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair.现在的证据在于叶酸，一种维生素比，他被证明可以限制胚胎的缺陷，并且最经的一项实验中叶酸和维生素比十二和一种维生素比六减少了血管的再次阻塞
The news on vitamin E has been more mixed. Healthy folks who take 400 international units daily for at least two years appear somewhat less likely to develop heart disease. But when doctors give vitamin E to patients who already have he art disease, the vitamin doesn’t seem to help. It may turn out that vitamin E plays a role in prevention but cannot undo serious damage.维生素一的消息则更加复杂，在两年内吃个低的饮食的健康的人表现的更不容易得心脏病，但是当医生给心脏病人服用维生素一并不管用，这似乎表明维生素一的作用在于预防而不是修复重大损伤
Despite vitamin C’s great popularity, consuming large amounts of it still has not been positively linked to any great benefit. The body quickly becomes saturated with C and simply excretes (排泄
any
excess.尽管维生素次很受欢迎，大量服用也不会产生更多的好处，身体会快速补充维生素次，然后排出剩余的部分
The multivitamins question boils down to this: Do you need to wait until all the evidence is in before you take them, or are you willing to accept that there’s enough evidence that they don’t hurt and could help?有关多种维生素的问题大多在此，难道你还要等到所有的证明都得到证实才去服用他们吗，或者你宁愿接受有足够多证据表明他们无害并且有益
If the latter, there’s no need to go to extremes and buy the biggest horse pills or the most expensive bottles. Large doses can cause trouble, including excessive bleeding and nervous system problems. Multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of course.如果选择后者，也没有必要走向极端去买那种超大剂量和特别贵的，过量的服用会造成一些问题，包括流血不止和神经系统方面的问题，当然维生素并不能取代运动和健康的饮食 As long as you understand that any potential benefit is modest and subject to further refinement, taking a daily multivitamin makes a lot of sense.如果你明白任何潜在的好处都不会太大，但是会造成长久的好处，日常摄入维生素对身体是很有好处的
Gorge Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are. 某
某说过人类，他的意思是我们通过和他人交流获得自我认同，在我们小时候，父母教会我们与他人交流“You’re intelligent.” “You’re so strong.” We first see ourselves through the eyes of others, so their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts. Later we interact with teachers, friends, romantic partners, and co-workers who communicate their views of us. Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.你是最聪明的，你是最强壮的，我们首先通过别人的眼睛了解我们自己
The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evident in children who are deprived of human contact. Case studies of children who were isolated from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language.在缺失和人们交流的孩子身上可以看出身份和交流之间最重要的联系非常明显，将孩子与他人福利的实验表明他们缺乏自我认识，他们的身心发展因为缺乏语言交流而受到阻碍
Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death. 和别人交流不仅我影响我们对自己身份的感觉，还会直接影
响我们的身心健康，研究一贯表明交流可以提升身体健康，然而社会隔离也与忧虑，疾病，早亡有关People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others. A group of researchers reviewed scores of studies that traced the relationship between health and interaction with others. The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity. Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of minor and major illnesses.缺乏亲密朋友的人比平常人更焦虑沮丧，一个研究小组查阅了有关跟踪调查健康和交流之间关系的数据，结论是，隔离是和高血压一样危险的，很多研究人员和医生认为孤独伤害免疫系统，使我们更容易患上大的或小的疾病 Leadership is the most significant word in today’s competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and style. 领导适当经竞争社会中最重要的词语，因为这让管理人员更集中精力于他们的个人能力和风格Experts on leadership will quickly point out that “how things get done” influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker, coined the phrase “Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right
things,” he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms.领导专家会马上说，怎样做事情会影响结果是否或成功，并且表明一个正确的或错误的事，当一个艺术管理领域的领导者某某引用这句话，管理就是马上去做，领导就是做正确的事，他正努力用这个短语来表明这个区别
When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of highly effective individuals. 某某，领导者协会的创始人和领导者，通过研究各种高效率认识的生活习惯发现了在过去几十年的领导风格His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership example, which centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic(道德 and the personality ethic. 他的成为有效率的人的七个习惯马上大卖，他的观点说明急需以在道德和个人生活中的特征为中心对于早期领导才能进行再次考察，The former ethic suggested success was founded on modesty, loyalty, courage, patience, and so on. The personality ethic suggested it was one’s attitude, not behavior, that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. 前一个道德表明成功来源于谦虚，忠诚，勇敢，耐心等等，个人道德则表明是一个人的态度，而不是行为诱发成功，这种道德来源于对于积极的心理态度的信念In contrast to
each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. 和这些观点相比，某某提倡领导们需要明白有关效率的普遍规律，并且他强调对于领导自身而言，管理自身至关重要，，如果他们想要在他们的工作环境中取得杰出的成就To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to “put first things first,” which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy.为了实现你事业上的目标，有一个明确的目标和对自己价值的认识非常重要事业领袖说管理者们要，也就是说在领导别人之前买你需要明白你的价值，能力，并且让自己变得可靠

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