小学英语就划线部分提问
“就划线部分提问”是小学阶段英语学习的难点,但是一旦掌握了规律,就变得容易多了。
小学英语对划线部分提问之答题口诀 :
一代(用正确的疑问词代替划线部分),
二移(把疑问词移至句首)
三倒(颠倒主谓语,但对主语或其定语提问时除外)
四抄(照抄句子剩余部分)
☆总结关键就是:“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”(即: 先根据划线部分找到特殊疑问词; 再把没划线的部分变成一般疑问句的语序。)
★特殊疑问词的确定要根据划线内容而定,在小学阶段常出现的有以下几种:
1、 划线部分是“事或物”,特殊疑问词用what
如: This is a book.
---What is this?
I often play football on Saturdays .
---What do you often do on Saturdays ?
2、 划线部分是“人”,特殊疑问词用who
如:He is my brother. ---Who is he ?
3、划线部分是“地点”,特殊疑问词用where 如:The box is on the desk.---Where is the box ?
4、划线部分是“时间”,特殊疑问词用what time或when
如:It's seven twenty . ---What time is it ?
I usually get up at six . --- When do you usually get up?
5、划线部分是“年龄”,特殊疑问词用how old
如:I am twelve . ---How old are you?
My father is thirty-three . ---How old is your father ?
6、划线部分是“职业”,特殊疑问词用what
如:Mike is a worker. ---What is Mike ?
7、划线部分是“颜色”,特殊疑问词用what colour
如: My hat is blue . ---What colour is your hat?
8、划线部分是“数量”,特殊疑问词用how many或how much 如:I can see five kites .---How many kites can you see ? There is some milk in the glass. ---How much milk is there in the glass ?
9、划线部分是“多少钱”,特殊疑问词用how much
如:This pen is nine yuan . ---How much is this pen ?
10、划线部分是“形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词”,特殊疑问词用whose 如:That is my book . ---Whose book is that ?
The bag is yours. ---Whose is the bag ?
以下口诀要牢记:
1.问“谁”用who;
2.问“谁的”,用whose;
3.问“地点哪里”,用where;
4.问“原因”,用why;
5.问“身体状况”,用how;
6.问“方式”,用how;
7.问“年龄”,用how old;
8.问“多少”,用how many;
9.问"价钱”用how much;
10.问“哪一个”,用which ;
11.问“什么”,用what;
12.问“职业”,用what;
13.问“颜色”,用what colour;
14.问“星期”,用what day;
15.问什么学科,用what subject;
16.问“什么时候”,用when;
17.问几点用What’s the time?或 What time is it?
训练题
1. That car is yellow. (提示:问颜色)
_____ _____ is that car?
2. My sister is 15 years old. (提示:问年龄)
______ _____ is your sister?
3. The glasses are Jim’s. (提示:问归属)
______ glasses are these?
4. Ann collected shells last Sunday.(提示:问”谁”)
______ collected shells last Sunday?
5. There were eleven books in my bag.(提示: 问数量)
______ ______ books are there in your bag?
6. I visited my teachers on Teacher’s Day.(提示:问时间)
_______ did you visit your teachers?
7. It means “Do not touch”.(提示:问”什么”)
_______ does it mean?
8. I’m fine, thank you.(提示: 问怎么样)
______ are you?
9. I go to school by bus.(提示:问方式)
______ do you go to school?
10,We go to school five times a week.(提示:问频率)
_______ ______ do you go to school?
11. I’m in Class 3.
______ _______ are you in?
12. The panda is black and white.
_____ ______ is the panda?
13. Her kite is under the bed.
_____ ______ her kite?
14. I come to school by bike.
_____ _____ you come to school?
15. Ben has a birthday present.
_____ does Ben have?
16. Mother bought a gift for me.
_____ did mother buy a gift for?
17. I can hear a bus.
_____ can you hear?
18. Tony lives at 26 Lunwan Street.
_____ does Tony live?
19. Bob is wearing a blue hat.
_____ is wearing a blue hat?
20. This is Ben’s English book.
_____ English book is this?
对划线部分提问练习
1. His father is an engineer.(对划线部分提问)
______ his father’s __ _?
2. Mr King is from America.(对划线部分提问)
______ is Mr King ___ __?
3. I like fishing. I like painting.(合并成一个句子)
_____________________________.
4. Amy’s mother likes romantic movies.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
5. His favorite football player is Beckham.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
6. The walkman is Dave’s.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
7. I have three cousins. (对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
8. Her backpack is on the sofa.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
9. The shoe store is on Adams Street, across from the museum.(划线提问)
_____________________________.
10. The library is on Mill Street, next to the hospital.(划线提问)
_____________________________.
11. The park is on Main Street.(划线提问)
_____________________________.
12. I have a son and a daughter.(划线提问)
____ children ___ _ you _____?
13. She doesn’t like swimming. She doesn’t like fishing.(合并成一个句子)She _____ _____ swimming ______ fishing.
14. Liz is a teacher.(划线提问)
________ is a teacher?
15. My school is between a park and a bank.(划线提问)
_____________________________.
16. They’d like some juice and hamburgers.(划线提问)
_____________________________.
17. The potatoes are one dollar a kilo.(划线提问)
_____________________________.
18. The bread is three dollars and fifty cents a loaf.(划线提问)
_____________________________.
19. We’d like two cups of tea.(划线提问)
_____________________________.
20. I can play football on the football field.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
21. Jenny’s favorite sport is playing volleyball.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
22. He can run the 100-meter race.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
23. It’s fine.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
24. Liu Xiang is my favorite sports star.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
25. He’s learning diving now.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
26. The refrigerator is in the kitchen.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
27. Her mother is a policewoman.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
28. There are six people in my family.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________________.
名词变复数
名词变复数规则变化及发音:
1、绝大多数的可数名词在词尾加上s ; eg:book→books;desk→desks;pen→pens;car→cars s遇t读浊辅音[ts],遇d读清辅音[dz] eg:friend→friends; cat→cats; 2.、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的单词,在该词末尾加上-es;读音规则:读[iz];eg:bus→buses; box→boxes; watch→watchches; dish→dishes 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,要把y变为i,再加-es;读音规则:读[z]。 eg:fly→flies; baby→babies; 元音字母加y结尾的单词直接加s;eg:toy→toys;boy→boys;4、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,要将-f或-fe变为-v,再加es;读音规则:读[vz]; eg:knife→knives;leaf→leaves;5、以-o结尾的名词,初级阶段只有三个单词要加-es,其余都加-s;读音规则读[z]。 eg:tomato→tomatoes西红柿; potato→potatoes土豆; hero→heroes英雄; Negro—Negroes 口诀:“黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿” 其余eg:zoo→zoos; hippo→hippos;
名词变复数不规则变化:
1.单词内部发生变化:口诀“oo常常变ee,男人女人a变e”
eg:foot→feet脚;tooth→teeth牙齿;man→men男人;woman→women女人;
2.单复数相同:“羊鱼小鹿无变化,单数复数是一家”
eg:sheep→sheep绵羊;fish→fish鱼;deer→deer鹿;
3.不规则变化:child→children孩子mouse→mice老鼠;German→Germans德国人;
4“某国人”的复数有三种类型: 口诀“中日不变,英法变,其它S加后边”(1)Chinese, Japanese单数复数同形,不需加s; (2)Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men; (3)其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如:Americans, Australians,
二.不可数名词:
⒈不可数名词概念:不可以数的名词叫做不可数名词。包括物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质)和抽象名词(表示抽象概念的词)。
⒉不可数名词特点:
⑴不可数名词没有复数形式,也不能与a, an及数词连用,常作单数看待。
例: water There’s some water in the bottle.
food My favourite food is noodles.
⑵不可数名词如表数量,常和a bottle of, a glass of等名词词组连用。如表示复数,只把量词改为复数。
例:a bottle of pop一瓶汽水 , two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁,
three cups of tea 三杯茶 ,a piece of paper一张纸
⑶有些物质名词有时可数,有时不可数,要根据上下文决定,其意义也有所不同。
A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是玻璃制成的。(玻璃杯可数,玻璃不可数。)
I bought a melon yesterday. I want to eat some melon.
特殊名词的讲解:
⑴people 作“人们,人民”解时,只有复数形式,谓语动词作复数。
作“民族”解时,单复数不同,复数要在词尾加s。
There are five people in my family. 我家有五口人。
There are fifty-six peoples in our country.我们国家有56个民族。
⑵clothes,pyjamas等属于无单数形式的复数名词,谓语作复数。
例:My favourite clothes are pants. These pyjamas are too small.
⑶ pants , shoes , glasses ,shorts,scissors等名词,由两部分构成,常以复数形式出现,谓语动词要用复数。要表示单数常用a pair of表示,此时如作主语,谓语要作单数看待。
例:Your pants are blue. This pair of pants is mine.
⑷集体名词看作整体时,谓语用单数; 指成员时,谓语用复数。
His family is a large family. His family like animals.
指整体 指成员
⑸有的名词单复数意思不同:
例:hair 和fruit 通常作单数,表示总体。
My hair is black. 我的头发是黑色的。
I like fruit .It’s good for you.我喜欢水果,水果对你的身体有好处。
但如果表示若干根头发或各种水果,则需用复数形式.
Danny has three hairs.丹尼有三根头发。
She likes pears, peaches and other fruits. 他喜欢梨,桃和其它水果。
Ⅰ. 写出下列单词的复数形式:
fish- boy- watch- knife- leaf- wife-
baby- family- man- woman- child- tooth-
goose- mouse- sheep- peach- picture- Chinese-
he- his- I- this- is- it- that-
Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为复数句子:
1. He is looking after the baby.____________________________
2. It’s a big heavy box. __________________________________
3. This picture is nice.____________________________________
4. She is a beautiful woman._______________________________
5. I’m a good child. ___________________________________
6. That’s a delicious peach._________________________________
Ⅲ. 将下列句子改为单数句子:
1. These are red coats. ________________________________________
2. Who’re the boys? They’re my students.____________________________
3. They’re women workers here. _____________________________________
4. Are they playing basketball now? Yes, they are____________________
5. What are they? They are buses. ________________________________
6. Those are beautiful flowers._____________________________________
7. We have many old pictures.____________________________________
Ⅳ. 划出下列单词中的不可数名词:
meat pop shirt food knife snow water ice tea orange truck car jam ear bread milk noodles eraser clothes
Ⅵ. 翻译下列词组:
一瓶汽水 一杯茶 一副眼镜 两杯桔子汁 六瓶水
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