汇率制度与宏观经济政策环境——以加拿大为例
发布时间:2022-12-08 16:20:00 来源:文档文库
小
中
大
字号:
技术经济与管理研宠 2011年第8期 汇率制度与宏观经济政策环境 以加拿大为例 王应贵 (南京财经大学金融学院,江苏南京210046) 摘要:加拿大属于典型的资源性经济,加元的汇率变化多受国际商品和石油价格的影响,超出了国内货币政策的控制范 围,是独立浮动或是固定汇率?经过两次试验后,加拿大政府坚定地选择了独立浮动汇率制度,并最终实现了汇率政策与货币 政策脱离,以此给予了加拿大银行较大的决策空间,使后者专注于维持较低的通货膨胀环境。同时,加拿大政府努力为汇率制 度创造有利的宏观经济政策环境,财政政策和货币政策分工明确、相互支持,为汇率制度和经济增长奠定了可持续的坚实基 础。本文以加拿大浮动汇率制度为主线,从财政政策、货币政策、政策搭配角度讨论其宏观经济政策框架,分析加元汇率制度 的运行环境。在此基础上,本文探讨加拿大汇率政策及浮动汇率制度的作用与功能。本文第五部分对加拿大银行提出的汇率预 测模型作出了较深入的分析。 关键词:加元汇率;政府政策;;r-率制度;汇率模型 中图分类号:F832.6 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1004—292X(201 1)08—0092—04 Open-economy Exchange Rate Regime and Macroeconomic Policy Options --・-・---—--——Case of Canada WANG Ying-gui (sch00l of Financial coHege,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing Jiangsu 210046,China) Abstrac t:Since Canada is a l ̄sonrees economy.the movements of Canadian dollar exchange rates are subject to changes in prices of commodities and crude oil on global markets and are beyond the zone of influence of domestic monetary policy.Independnet lfoating or fixed peg?That is the question.After two trials,the Government of Canada chose without any more hesitation independent lfoating,and eventually divorced exchange rate policy from monetary policy,giving greater autonomy to the Bank of Canada,who can focus on creating a low-inflation environment.Meanwhile,the federal government tied hard to foster a favourablre environment for the exchange rate policy by clearly defining and he tpolicy goals of monetary policy and ifscal ploicy and mixing appropriately the two major policy instruments,thereby laying a solid foundation for sustainability of the rate regime and economic growth.The paper focuses on the Canadian flexible exchange rate regime,examines aspects of Canadian fiscal policy,monetary policy and their interact