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初中英语阅读理解的解题技巧

发布时间：2018-06-26 11:00:14 来源：文档文库

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初中英语阅读理解的解题技巧

阅读理解也是中考英语题的必考题目之一，本题型旨在考查学生阅读，理解的能力，几年来，中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新，题材丰富，考查学生综合推断能力，根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，也考查学生关注细节的能力。所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢？我将从以下三个方面谈论这个问题：

一、解题思路

（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。
（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。

（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：
1．抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。
2．抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。
3．注意领会文章的寓意。

4．根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：
① 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。
② 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。

③ 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。
题干中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。
④ 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。
⑤ 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。
⑥ 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。

四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。

二、题型分类

初中英语阅读理解往往有以下三大题型，抓住它的解法和思路，就可以顺利做好这些题目：

（一）选择符合文章的选项

（二）判断正误

（三）根据文章内容回答问题，现今该题型归纳在任务型阅读中，此处不做详解。

典型例题分析
（一）根据内容，从短文后每题的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。
Mr Brown first went to look at the underground - fire when he was seven. "Through the hole（洞）in the earth you could see the orange fire, but you had to look fast because it was so hot," said Mr Brown. In 1898, he saw the fire once more（再一次）.
Now, we can only see the smoke. The fire Mr Brown saw is not the underground - fire. In fact, there are 260 coal（煤）fires in the world. They are harmful（有害）and dangerous. Then how to put them out?
Scientists have tried to set（放置）fire to underground coal to speed up（加速）the fires. In this way, the burning（燃烧）of underground coal would be soon finished.（被烧完）。

1. Mr Brown first saw the underground - fire ________.
A. at the age of seven B. seven years old
C. in the year of 1898 D. more than（超过）80 years ago
2. Mr Brown said that we had to take a fast look at the fire because ________.
A. it was in the hole B. it was very hot
C. it was orange D. it was harmful
3. How many coal fires are there in the world?
A. There's only one. B. It's hard to say.
C. There are 260. D. The article（文章）doesn't tell us.

4. What’s one of the best ways to put out（扑灭）the underground fire?
A. To cover（覆盖）the holes with stones（石块）.
B. To speed up the fires.
C. To see the fires burning.
D. To do some experiments（试验）.

5. What is the best title（标题）for the article?
A. Watching the Underground - Fire.
B. A Way to Put Out the Coal Fires.
C. The Burning Earth.
D. Coal and Coal Fires.

答案分析]

1. 在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依据。at the age of seven 等于when he was seven，故正确答案为 A 。
2．这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为 B。
3．这一题可以在第二段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为 C。
4．在文章的最后一段提到了扑灭火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃烧。正确答案为 B。
5．完成这道题需作一定的归纳，因为文章中没有给出直接的回答。文章从Mr Brown两次看火，然后说出地下火的危害，最后提出如何灭火的方法。文章的前两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如何灭火才是文章的中心。故正确答案为 B。

（二）根据文章内容判断正误

Fred telephoned his wife. “I’ve got two free tickets for the theatre tonight,” he told her. “Meet me outside the office. We’ll have something to eat and then go on to the theatre.”
Fred’s wife was very pleased. They hadn’t been to the theatre for a long time. She met her husband as he told her. They had dinner and got to the theatre just in time.
At the entrance Fred took out his wallet to get the tickets. “It’s very strange,” he said. “They aren’t here!” “Try your pockets,” said his wife. But the tickets weren’t there, either.
Then Fred looked very embarrassed (尴尬). “What’s the matter?” asked his wife. “Well,” Fred said, “I remember what I did with my tickets. I put them in my bag. But because I wasn’t going home, I left it in the office!”

( ) 1. One day, Fred was given the tickets

for the theatre.
( ) 2. Fred and his wife went to the

theatre quite often.
( ) 3. Fred wanted to meet his wife in a

restaurant.
( ) 4. They reached the theatre neither

late nor early.
( ) 5. Then Fred couldn’t find his tickets and remembered what he had done with the tickets.

答案分析：

1、T 因为第一段中提到Fred told his wife

“I’ve got two free tickets…” “free” 此处是免费的意思。
2、F 第二段中提到“They hadn’t been to the theater

for a long time.”
3、F 第一段中Fred说“Meet me outside the office.”
4、T 第二段中“in time”是及时的意思。

5. T 结尾处提到的。

（三）阅读下面短文，然后回答文后问题。

Taking exams always makes me nervous．What about you? Here are some suggestions that my friend offers me．

Preparing for exams

The most important part of preparing for an exam is to know what to study．Review subjects you've spent a long time on during classes，look through what you were asked to read and topics of essays and homework，or ask your teachers to see if they can give a few suggestions．Once you know what to study，the next is to know how to study．

Arriving at an exam

How you arrive at an exam will decide how you take your exam．Be sure to arrive：Early．

With a full stomach．

Well rested．

With all the things you will need for the exam．

Having your own exam habits

Before you begin your exam，be sure to：Set up your things close by．

Put your name and other identification information on your exam-answer sheet．

Read all the directions．

Make a brief plan about how you will divide your time between sections．

Take a few deep breaths every time you feel nervous．

If you prepare well for your exam，arrive confidently and settle in before you begin．Don't spend more time on a question that you should unless you're ahead of schedule(时间表)．

根据短文内容，回答下面的问题。

1．What is the most important before you take an exam?

_________________________________________________________

2．Should you arrive at an exam early or on time?

_________________________________________________________

3．What should you do if you feel nervous just before an exam?

_________________________________________________________

4．How would you feel if you got everything ready?

_________________________________________________________

答案分析：

1．to know what to study 根据建议一可知，考前最重要的就是要知道学什么。

2．Early 根据建议二可知，考试时要提前到。

3．Take a few deep breaths 根据建议三可知，考前紧张是要深吸一口气，能缓解紧张的心情。

4．Confident．根据短文内容可知，一切准备就绪，你就会很自信。

三、题材分析

（一）家庭、朋友与个人情况

在中考阅读理解中，记叙文阅读题目的考查难度逐年增加，多使用贴近学生生活的素材，多以故事形式出现。针对这种题型主要抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人物和事件的起因、发展和结果，以及人物之间的关系，从中分析他们的思想品质、性格特征等；理解文章大意后，找出关键的句子和一些与考查内容有关的问题所在，这样，便于我们解题时“顺藤摸瓜”，找出问题的答案。

这类阅读一般是对文章理解能力的考查，抓住文章的关键句和关键词是非常重要的。

做题思路：先看清题干，带着问题读文章，明确把握问题指向，避免“回视”现象，提高做题的速度。

例如：

1990 was a significant year in world events．In February，Nelson Mandela was set free after 27 years in prison．In October，East and West Germany became one country again．Then at the end of 1990，the World Wide Web was born．For this final event we have one man to thank，Tim Berners Lee，the father of the Web．

Berners Lee was born on June 8，1955 in London，England．His parents，both computer designers，encouraged him to think and work creatively as he grew up．He was an excellent student and naturally took an interest in computers and science．

After graduating from Oxford University，Tim went to work at a science research centre in Switzerland．There he developed some of the different systems that would later become the Web．The first was HTML，the computer language used to make web pages．The second was an address system that let computers anywhere find each other and send and receive information．In 1990，while still at the science centre in Switzerland，he put them together to make the first Internet browser(浏览器)．It could run on any computer and allowed people to creat website to share their information with the rest of the world．

Tim knew that the more people used the Web，the more useful it would be．He wasn't interested in money but knowledge，so he gave out his invention for free to anyone who was interested．Many were interested and the growth of the Internet began．

Today Tim works as a professor at the MIT in America，researching new and interesting ways to use the Web．He has received many awards from governments and organizations for his efforts．He is still not very interested in money．That is why he is so admired by his students and workmates．It may also be one of the reasons that few people outside the world of technology know his name．

阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

( ) 1．The underlined word "significant" (in Paragraph 1) most probably means "_________"．

A．strange B．terrible C．important D．difficult

( ) 2．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A．The address system was used to make web pages．

B．The World Wide Web was created in Switzerland．

C．The first web browser was very expensive to buy．

D．Many people could use the Internet before 1990．

( ) 3．What can we learn about Berners Lee from the passage?

A．He was encouraged to be creative．

B．He didn't do well at school．

C．He is a very poor businessman．

D．He is well known all over the world．

( ) 4．Where does Berners Lee live today?

A．England． B．Switzerland． C．America． D．Canada．

( ) 5．What is the passage mainly about?

A．The events that took place in 1990．

B．The history of the Internet．

C．The invention of the Internet browser．

D．The man who created the Word Wide Web

答案解析：

1．C 根据第一段第三、四句话可知，发生在 1990 年的世界事件：东西德统一，World Wide Web 的诞生。由此我们不难推测出，significant 是指“重要，重大”。故选 C。

2．B 根据第三段“...an address system that let computers anywhere find each other and send and receive information...”可知选项 A 与此不符；根据第四段可知，Tim 只对知识感兴趣而对金钱并不感兴趣，因此他免费贡献出他的发明 web browser，故选项 C 不正确；根据第一段，我们知道 web 是在 1990 年诞生的，因此 1990 年前，人们不可能使用 web，故排除 D。所以正确答案为 B。

3．A 根据第二段可知，Tim 学习成绩优秀，故排除 B；文中没有提 Tim 是个商人，故排除 C；根据最后一段最后一句话“...few people outside the world of technology know his name．”可知 Tim 并非世界闻名，故排除 D。根据文中第二段“...encouraged him to think and work creatively...”可知正确答案为 A。

4．C 根据最后一段第一句可知 Tim 现在住在美国。

5．D 这篇文章主要介绍的是 Web 之父 Tim Berners Lee．

（二）学校生活与语言学习

校园生活与语言学习是中考阅读理解考查的一个热点话题，一方面与学生生活、学习、交流等息息相关；另一方面，来自社会，紧贴社会生活，具有一定的时代感和现实意义。这类话题多是说明文，做题时要注意说明的对象、内容及说明方法。这类题要注意每段话的开头部分，整体把握材料信息。

做题思路：把握信息，找出题眼，梳理信息，进行解答问题。

When you see the girl for the first time，you may think she is a boy．She is very outgoing(外向的)．Who is she? Wang Meng，the Chinese top skater．

On the evening of February 26th，2010，Wang Meng first got to the finishing line in 1 minute and 29.213 seconds in the women's 1000 meters short track speed skating final(短道速滑决赛) at the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games(温哥华冬奥会)．After she succeeded in the 500-metre and 3000-metre races，she won her third gold medal this time．With this one China won four gold medals in the women's short track speed skating．That helped China first win the team gold medal in Winter Olympics history．

Just before the final race Wang Meng caught a bad cold and coughed terribly．With the words of "You can，you can do!" she won at last．She said，"I really feel these three gold medals belong to my team，to China．It was with the help of my team that I won the prize．"

Though Wang Meng is only twenty-four，she has been the most successful Chinese skater．We are proud of her and her team．We hope she will be faster in Sochi Olympics in 2014．

阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

( ) 1．China won gold medals in the women's short track speed skating．

A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5

( ) 2．It took Wang Meng 1 minute and 29.213 seconds to finish the short track speed skating final．

A．women's 1000 B．men's 1000

C．women's 500 D．men's 500

( ) 3．In Wang Meng's opinion，made her win the prize at last．

A．a strong body B．a bad cold

C．her team's help D．much exercise

( ) 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Wang Meng is very outgoing like a boy．

B．Wang Meng is the most successful Chinese skater．

C．Chinese people are proud of Wang Meng and her team．

D．China has got the team gold medal twice in Winter Olympics history．

答案解析

1．C 由第二段倒数第二句“With this one China won four gold medals...”可知正确答案为 C。

2．A 由第二段第一句“...Wang Meng first got to the finishing line in 1 minute and 29.213 seconds in women's 1000 meters...”可知正确答案为 A。

3．C 由第一段最后两句“I really feel these three gold medals belong to my team... with the help of my team that I won the prize．”可知由于团队的帮助她才获得了成功，故正确答案为 C。

4．D 由第二段最后一句“That helped China first win the team gold medal...”可知 D 项的表述是错误的。

（三）天气与自然

随着社会经济的快速发展，社会和谐已提上日程，天气与自然环境很快就成为人们关注的话题之一。此类话题多是说明文和议论文。这就要求我们了解说明文和议论文的特点，这样才能对问题进一步地分析和解读，才能自觉地完成命题要求，取得高分。

解题思路：把握该类话题的特征，对所给信息进行归纳整合

例如：

Earthquakes happen without warning(前兆)．They can happen any time of a day，at any point during the year．When an earthquake is happening，you should know what you should do or not do．

Do NOT go outside．You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings．If you are outside，stay away from buildings and power lines(输电线)．

Stay under a desk，table，or other strong furniture．Hold on to it．Or stay in a corner of the building．Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing．Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside．

Keep away from windows，pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building，and anything else that could fall and hurt you．Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake，not by the shaking itself．

Also keep away from a fire．You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire．

If you are driving when an earthquake happens，stop the car if it's safe．Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops，and don't drive near bridges．Try not to stop by power lines or trees．These could fall and hurt you．

阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

( ) 1．It isn't safe for you to _______ while the earthquake is happening．

A．run out of the building

B．stay in a corner of the building

C．cover your head with your arms

D．cover your mouth with a towel

( ) 2．From this passage，we know _______．

A．many people fear earthquakes

B．earthquakes maybe happen at any time

C．we can't save ourselves in an earthquake

D．people never get injured in earthquakes

( ) 3．The best title for this passage should be "_______"．

A．How Earthquakes Happen

B．How to Drive a Car

C．What We Should Do in Earthquakes

D．Why Earthquakes Happen

答案解析

1．A BCD 三项在第三段可找到答案；根据第二段内容可知 A 项的做法是不安全的，故正确答案为 A。

2．B 根据第一段前两句可知，地震可能随时会发生，故 B 项为正确答案。

3．C 通过全文可知本文主要是在介绍发生地震时，我们应该采取哪些措施才能使自己避免受伤，故正确答案为 C。

（四）历史与地理

本话题在中考中所占比例不多，在历史方面要注意历史事件发生的时间、地点、原因以及有何影响等，而对地理知识的考查，一般多与旅游观光等内容相结合，这就要求我们了解各地的名胜古迹、遗址等。

解题思路：熟悉文章，找准问题关键所在，提高解题速度和质量。

例如：

On February 3rd，1949，New York Harbor(港) was an exciting place．Many people were there to greet a ship from France．On the ship were 49 French railroad boxcars(火车车厢) filled with gifts from the people of France to the people of America．These boxcars were from the famous Merci Train (Merci，a French word meaning "thank you")．

After world War Ⅱ(二战)，a lot of factories，roads and farms in France had been destroyed．Many French people had no jobs or money and had little to wear and little to eat．In the winter of 1947，a train was sent across the United States，stopping in cities and towns along the way．At every stop，people gave whatever they could．Factories gave clothing and medicine．Farmers gave food．Families gave money．Even school children gave away their pocket money(零用钱)．All the things were then taken to France by ship．

By 1949，the French had begun to recover(恢复) from the war．The Merci Train was their way of saying "thank you" to America．French people had filled the boxcars with gifts．Most of them were personal，like hand-made toys，children's drawings，or postcards．But the boxcars themselves were perhaps the most meaningful of the gifts．On each car，the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces，with an American eagle on the front．The boxcars were taken to each state of America，where they were warmly greeted．

Now many of the states still keep their boxcars．Gifts sent by the French people can still be seen in some museums．The Merci Train came out of the war，but it now reminds the world that countries can also work together in peace(和平)．

阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

( ) 1．Many people crowded at New York Harbor on February 3rd，1949 to ________．

A．welcome the Merci Train

B．meet their families

C．have a big party

D．start a trip by ship

( ) 2．In 1947，a train stopped in cities across America in order to ________．

A．give away clothing and food

B．get more soldiers for the war

C．collect things to help French people

D．show exhibitions from the museums

( ) 3．The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 refers to(指) ________．

A．the American people

B．the French people

C．the boxcars

D．the gifts

( ) 4．The French people painted their 40 provinces and an American eagle on each boxcar because _______．

A．they thought France was stronger than America

B．it could show the friendship between the two countries

C．the boxcars would be more beautiful

D．they were very good at painting pictures

( ) 5．The passage is mainly about _______．

A．the story of the Merci Train

B．American museums where the boxcars are kept

C．gifts that American people liked

D．World War Ⅱ

答案解析

1．A 根据第一段内容我们可知许多人来到 New York Harbor 的目的是为了欢迎来自法国的 Merci Train，故正确答案为 A。

2．C 根据“At every stop，people gave whatever they could... All the things were then taken to France by ship．”可以推测出正确答案为 C。

3．D 根据第三段第三句和第四句的 personal，like hand-made toys...”可知 them 指代的是 gifts，故正确答案为 D。

4．B 根据“...the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces，...where they were warmly greeted．”可以推测出正确答案为 B。

5．A 通过文章内容我们可知整篇文章都是围绕 Merci Train 来写的，故正确答案为 A。

（五）社会万象

在中考阅读理解中，本话题包括的题材很多，它们来自生活，来自社会，针对这些题材要求抓住关键的句子和一些与考查内容有关的问题所在，这样便于我们解题时“顺藤摸瓜”，找出问题的答案。这种题型一般是对文章理解能力的考查，抓住文章的关键句和关键词是非常重要的。

解题思路：看清题干，明确把握问题指向，带着问题读文章，避免“回视”现象，提高做题的速度，提高解题质量。

例如：

In most cultures，when you meet people you know for the first time during a day，it is usual to greet them．Once a young woman from England went to Hong Kong to work．When she first arrived，she knew little about the Chinese culture of language．On her way to school one day，she went to a bank to get some money．To her surprise，the bank clerk asked her if she had had her lunch．She was surprised at such a question because in the British culture it would mean an invitation to lunch．Between unmarried young people it can also mean the young man's interest in dating the girl．Since this bank clerk was a stranger to the British woman，she was very puzzled，and quickly answered that she had eaten already．After this she went on to school and was even more surprised when one of the teachers asked her the same question．

By now she understood that it could not be an invitation but was puzzled as to why they asked it．In the following days she was asked the same question again and again and she spent many hours trying to work out why so many people kept asking her this．At last she thought that these people must be concerned about(关心) her health．She was rather thin at the time，and she thought they must be worrying that she was not eating well!

In fact the question like that has no real meaning at all — it is only a greeting．

根据短文内容，判断句子的正误，正确的在括号内写“T”，错误的写“F”。

( ) 1．The young British woman went to Hong Kong for work．

( ) 2．The British woman went to the bank to get some money．

( ) 3．The bank clerk invited the young British woman to lunch．

( ) 4．The teacher's question made the British woman happy．

( ) 5．In fact the young British woman didn't know much about Chinese culture．

答案解析

1．T 根据“Once a young woman from England...”可知这年轻英国妇女是来香港工作的，故此句表述是正确的。

2．T 根据“...she went to a bank to get some money．”可知此句表述是正确的。

3．F 通过本文最后一句我们可以了解到，在中国问别人“吃了吗”是表问候，而不一定是真正的想请人吃饭。故此句的错误的。

4．F 根据“After this she went on to school and was even more surprised...”可知此句表述是错误的。

5．T 根据文章内容我们知道，这位英国妇女对中国文化不是很了解，所以对“if she had had her lunch”产生困惑。

当然，中考英语阅读理解题的材料远不止这些种类，但只要运用了上面的基本的解题技巧，也能把这个题型做得很好。

实战练习

一

My brother，Henry，has a good job at a bank．I couldn't believe him when he told me that he had decided to give it up．Though I tried to make him change his mind，I failed completely．

"You should reconsider your decision，" I said，"You have already spent five years in the bank and you could have a wonderful future．You might become a bank manager by the time you are thirty-five．"

"I know，" Henry answered，"I have got no complaints with the bank．It is a pleasant job．The bank manager told me my future was good．"

"Then why do you want to leave?" I asked．

"It's the money，" Henry said．

"But you are getting a good salary．" I answered．

"I don't mean that，" Henry said，"What do I do in the bank? Well，at the moment all I do is to count money．I found it very depressing．"

"What is depressing about counting money?" I asked．

"You don't understand，" Henry answered，"I enjoying counting my own money，but I hate counting other people's!"

根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

( ) 1．The writer wants to know ________．

A．what his brother does at the bank．

B．how long his brother has worked at the bank

C．why his brother has decided to leave the bank

D．when his brother will become a bank manager

( ) 2．His brother does not enjoy ________．

A．working in pleasant conditions

B．keeping happy hours

C．counting his own money

D．counting other people's money

( ) 3．You should reconsider your decision．Here the word "reconsider" means "________"．

A．think of

B．think

C．think over again

D．think better of

( ) 4．From the writer's words we know the bank pays his brother ________ for his work．

A．a good salary

B．as much money as the manager's

C．no money

D．not much money

( ) 5．The best title for this story is _______．

A．A Good Job

B．The Wonderful Future

C．Money Problem

D．Change In Mind

答案：

1．C Henry 在银行工作，有丰厚的待遇和美好的未来，“我”想知道他为什么还要辞职。

2．D 从最后一句 hate(讨厌) 可知他不喜欢替别人数钱。

3．C 从构词法可知 re 表重复，“再考虑一下”自己的决定，现在待遇不错，前途也光明，放弃很可惜。

4．A 由文中“But you are getting a good salary”可知。

5．C “钱的烦恼”一方面自己薪水很高，但每天又忙着替别人数钱而不是替自己数钱，给他的兄弟带来心理的不平衡，这些钱不是他自己的。

二

Last spring I was walking in a park．In front of me there was a mum and her 3-year-old daughter．The little girl was holding a string(线)，which had a balloon at the other end．

All of a sudden，a light wind took the balloon away from the little girl．I thought she would cry．

But，no! As the little girl turned to watch her balloon rise to the sky，she cheerfully shouted out "Wow!"

That little girl taught me something．Later that day，I received a phone call from my friend，he told me an unexpected problem．I felt lied replying with "Oh no，what should we do?" But remembering that little girl，I found myself saying，"Wow，that is interesting! How can I help you?"

One thing is for sure — life is always going to make us face unexpected problems．However，how to deal with them is our choice．We can choose to be annoyed or interested．

No matter what the situation is，a "Wow!" will always beat "Oh，no．"

So the next time you meet one of life's unexpected guests，remember that little girl and make it a "Wow!" experience．The "Wow!" always works．

根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

( ) 1．Who was holding a string with a balloon?

A．The writer．

B．The mother．

C．The little girl．

D．My friend．

( ) 2．What did the girl do when the balloon rose to the sky?

A．She was crying．

B．She ran to her mother．

C．She asked me to help her．

D．She was happy and cheered "Wow!"

( ) 3．What can learn from the little girl?

A．How to play．

B．How to deal with unexpected problems．

C．How to choose friends．

D．How to help others．

( ) 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．The little girl is 3 years old this year．

B．My friend told me a happy thing．

C．No matter what the situation we face，a "Wow" always beat "Oh，no"．

D．The mother shouted "Wow!" when the balloon rose to the sky．

( ) 5．How do we deal with the unexpected problems in our life?

A．Accept． B．Hate． C．Annoy． D．Escape(逃避)．

答案：

1．C 根据第一段话的内容可知，小女孩手里拿着一根带有气球的线。

2．D 根据二、三两段内容可知，当气球飞向天空的时候，小女孩看着，惊叹的“哇”了一声，所以选 D。

3．B 根据文章四、五两段的内容可知，作者从小女孩身上学到对待生活的态度，用“Wow”代替了抱怨。

4．C 根据文章的内容可知，小女孩今年应该是 4 岁，排除了 A；我的一个朋友告诉我一个麻烦的问题，可以排除 B；由上文可知，气球升上天空时，小女孩“哇”了一声，也排除了 D；所以选 C。

5．A 根据文意可知，生活中的一些问题，我们要勇敢地面对，既不要抱怨也不要逃避，应该微笑着面对人生。

三

Learning How to Learn $22

Children who read this book will show great interest in study．Many pictures will help them understand it easily and quickly．

Basic Study Guidebook $36

Read this book and learn：

What the three barriers(障碍) to study are and what to do about them?

What to do if you are tired of a subject?

Children read it to improve the ability to study．

How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children $35

Read this book and learn：

How to look up words in a dictionary?

What the different marks in a dictionary mean?

How to use a dictionary to pronounce words correctly?

Buy this book and help children unlock their education．What's more，you'll just pay 60% for it before May 10，2010．

根据以上材料，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1．"_________" can tell you what to do if you are tired of a subject．

A．Study Skills for Life

B．Learning How to Learn

C．Basic Study Guidebook

D．How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children

( ) 2．Many pictures in the book "Learning How to Learn" can ________．

A．make children read slowly

B．make children understand the book easily

C．make the book boring

D．make children draw beautifully

( ) 3．According to the ads，the three books are for ________．

A．the old B．parents C．children D．men

( ) 4．If you buy the three books on May 2nd，2010，you will just pay ________ for them．

A．$93 B．$71 C．$80 D．$79

( ) 5．The purpose of the three ads is to ________．

A．sell these books to the children

B．help children learn English

C．help children learn about nature

D．use a dictionary to pronounce correctly

答案：

1．C 从第二段文字中可找到答案。

2．B 从第一段文字中可找到答案。

3．C 根据文字内容可以判断是面向学生的。

4．D 由于第三本书是 6 折，所以用 $22 + $36 + $35 × 60‰ = $79．

5．A 这些广告的目的是销售书的，所以选 A。

四

Mrs．Thompson，a school teacher，told the children on the first day that she loved them all the same．But that was a lie．There in the front row was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard．He didn't get along well with the other children and he always needs a bath．She did not like him．

Then Mrs．Thompson got to know that Teddy was a very good boy before the death of his mother．Mrs．Thompson was ashamed of herself．She felt even worse when，like all her other students，Teddy bought her a present，too．It was his mother's perfume(香水)．

Teddy said，"Mrs．Thompson，today you smell just my mom used to．" After the children left she cried for an hour．On that very day，she stopped being busy teaching reading，writing and math．Instead，she began to care more about the children．

Mrs．Thompson paid more attention to Teddy．The more she encouraged him，the faster he improved．By the end of Grade 6，Teddy had become one of the smartest children in the class．

Six years went by before she got a note from Teddy．He wrote that he had finished high school，third in his class，and she was still the best teacher he had ever had in his whole life．He went to college．Mrs．Thompson got two more letters from him with the last one signed，Theodore F．Stoddard，M.D.(医学博上)．

The story doesn't end there．On his wedding day，Dr．Stoddard said，"Thank you，Mrs．Thompson，for believing in me．You made me feel good about myself and showed me that I could make a difference．"

Mrs．Thompson，with tears in her eyes，said "Teddy，you have it all wrong．You were the one who taught me that I could make a difference．I didn't know how to teach until I met you．"

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1．What did Mrs．Thompson do on the day of school?

A．She made Teddy feel sad．

B．She told the class something untrue about herself．

C．She changed Teddy's seat to the front row．

D．She asked the children to play with Teddy．

( ) 2．Why didn't Teddy get along well with the other children?

A．He always needed a bath．

B．Mrs．Thompson did not like him．

C．He felt lonely without his mother．

D．He didn't enjoy playing with others．

( ) 3．What does the underlined sentence "Mrs．Thompson was ashamed of herself" mean in the passage?

A．Mrs．Thompson was pleased with what she had done．

B．Mrs．Thompson was angry with the boy's mother．

C．Mrs．Thompson was surprised that the boy's mother was gone．

D．Mrs．Thompson was very sorry because she didn't like the child before．

( ) 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the reading?

A．Mrs．Thompson gave Teddy Stoddard motherly care and encouragement．

B．Teddy had probably become a doctor before he got married．

C．Mrs．Thompson agreed with Teddy that she had made a difference in his life．

D．Teddy thought all the time Mrs．Thompson was the best teacher he had ever had in his whole life．

( ) 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the reading?

A．Friendship between a Student and His Teacher

B．Not a Really Good Teacher

C．A Clever Student

D．Making a Difference

答案：

1．B 根据第一段内容可知，教师说的是违心的话，所以选 B。

2．C 根据第二段的内容可知，Teddy 在她母亲去世之前是一个很听话的孩子，由此可知，不能和其他孩子很好相处是由于母亲去世的缘故，所以选 C。

3．D 根据上面的内容可知，老师不喜欢 Teddy。当知道他的情况后，老师心存歉意，由此可以推断该句的意思是“Mrs．Thompson 对以前不喜欢 Teddy 感到内疚”。

4．C 根据短文内容可知，Mrs．Thompson 给 Teddy 母亲般的关爱和鼓励；Teddy 后来成了一名医生；Teddy 始终认为 Mrs．Thompson 是他一生遇到的最好的老师；由此可知选 C。

5．D 由文意可知，师生情谊，不是一个好老师，一个聪明的学生，都有片面性，make a difference 更贴近文章内容，所以选 D。

五

Earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earth．When some plates of the earth move suddenly，an earthquake happens．Many earthquakes begin under the sea．They often happen near the mountains，too．

During an earthquake，the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack(断裂) open．Houses fall，people are killed or hurt，and sometimes the whole villages or cities are destroyed．

Can we do something to keep ourselves safe from earthquakes? Scientists have studied earthquakes and made maps that show the "earthquake belts"．In areas in these belts，it's possible for earthquakes to happen．In these areas we should build strong houses to fight against earthquakes．

In the future，scientists will be able to tell when and where an earthquake will be before they happen．They can also tell people what to do and how to do it．

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1．The reason for an earthquake is _______．

A．that there are so many plates on the earth

B．that the sea is too deep

C．rocks' cracking open

( ) 2．A lot of earthquakes often happens _______．

A．in the area

B．next to mountains

C．at night

( ) 3．A map showing the earthquake belts will tell people _______．

A．what kind of houses to build

B．what kind of houses can stay up in an earthquake

C．where earthquake may happen

( ) 4．Which is Not True according to the passage?

A．During an earthquake people are killed or hurt．

B．The scientists can tell when and where an earthquake is now．

C．we should build strong houses to fight against earthquakes．

( ) 5．In the future，we'll be no longer so afraid of earthquakes _______．

A．with the help of scientists' exact prediction

B．because of a map showing the "earthquake belts"

C．because we can guess the date and place of earthquakes

答案：

1．A 根据文章第一段中“When some plates of the earth move suddenly，an earthquake happens．"可知，地球是由许多板块构成的，板块的移动产生了地震，所以根源在板块。

2．B 根据短文第一段内容可知，地震常发生在山脉附近。

3．C 根据短文第三段内容可知，地图将告诉我们地震带常发生地震。

4．B 根据短文最后一段内容可知，专家预测将来能判定地震发生的时间和地点，而不是现在。

5．A 根据短文最后一段内容可以推测出专家能预测地震发生的时间和地点，所以我们不必担心将来发生地震。

六

Have you ever seen a greenhouse? Most greenhouses look like a small glass house．

Greenhouses are used to grow plants，especially in winter．Greenhouses work by trapping heat from the sun，the glass panels(板) of the greenhouse let light in，but keep heat from escaping．This causes the greenhouse to heat up，much like the inside of the parked in sunlight，and keeps the plants warm enough to live in winter．

The earth's atmosphere(大气) is all around us．It is the air that we breathe．Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere behave much like the glass panels in a greenhouse．Sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere，passing through the blanket of greenhouse gases．As it reaches the Earth's surface，land，water，and biosphere(生物圈)，they take up the sunlight's energy．Once the heat is taken up，this energy is sent back into the atmosphere．Some of the energy passes back into space，but much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases，causing our world to heat up．

The greenhouse effect is important．Without the greenhouse effect，the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live．But if the greenhouse effect becomes stronger，it could make the earth warmer than usual．Even a little extra warming may bring problems to humans，plants，and animals．

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

1．What are greenhouses used for?

________________________________________________________

2．Why is the temperature in the greenhouse higher than that outside?

________________________________________________________

3．What behaves much like the glass panels in a greenhouse?

________________________________________________________

4．If we didn't have the greenhouse effect，what would happen?

________________________________________________________

5．What does the article mainly tell us?

________________________________________________________

答案：

1．They are used for growing plants．答案来自第二段的第一句。

2．根据短文第二段中温室效应的工作原理可知，答案是 Because the glass panels of the greenhouse can let light in，and keep heat from escaping．

3．根据短文第三段的“much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases”可知，温室塑料板的作用像空中大气层的作用，即答案是 Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere．

4．根据最后一段内容可知，如果没有大气层的温室效应，人类就不能生存，即答案为 Humans couldn't live because the earth would not be warm enough．

5．根据全文内容可知，主要是温室效应及对人类的影响，所以答案为 It mainly tells us what the greenhouse effect is and its influence．

七

Sri Lankan got its name "Sri Lanka" in 1972．Now Sri Lanka is making its own way in the world．

Here are 6 reasons to consider visiting Sri Lanka in 2009：

1．The Art of Smiling

If you have not seen enough smiles lately，go to Sri Lanka．

2．The Land of Fruit

Sri Lanka is a bit larger than the state of West Virginia．But it's very beautiful．Don't miss the wood apple．This fruit is smashed down on a hard surface in order to be cracked opening．

3．Friendliness with Interest

Usually，families seeing a foreigner walk by their home would invite them inside for a cup of tea．They want to hear what you think of the country and its people，and they're very happy to have their picture taken．

4．Architecture(建筑设计)

This is a land of temples — Buddhist and Hindustani．

5．English Spoken Here

Most people in this country can speak English．When a traveler is lost or curious(好奇的)，the locals would be glad to help at any time．

6．Surf's Up

Awanatuna Beach is a good place for surfers from April to October．Waves are reported three to eight feet higher．The off-season would be better for surfing beginners．

根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)。

( ) 1．Sri Lanka is in the state of West Virginia．

( ) 2．The wood apple is a special fruit in Sri Lanka．

( ) 3．The people in Sri Lanka are very friendly to tourists．

( ) 4．All the people in Sri Lanka can speak very good English．

( ) 5．Surfing beginners can surf at Awanatuna Beach in any season of the year．

答案：

1．F 根据短文中第二个原因“Sri Lanka is a bit larger than the state of West Virginia．”可确定，本命题是错误的，即 F。

2．T 根据短文中第二个原因内容可以确定木苹果是一种水果，所以是 T。

3．T 根据短文中第三点原因可以看出，斯里兰卡的人们对游客非常友好，所以答案是 T。

4．F 根据短文中第五点原因中“Most people in this country can speak English．”可以确定答案是 F。

5．F 根据短文中第六点原因中的“Awanatuna Beach is a good place for surfers from April to October．”可以确定答案是 F。

八

With miles of beaches，sea and sunshine，Pattaya(芭堤雅) is one of the most popular places for visitors to Thailand．It provides many kinds of entertainment for both young people and the whole family．There is always something to do，any time，any weather，any day or night．

Orchid(兰化) Farms are a worthwhile visit and if you are thinking of taking some of these beautiful plants home，visit a day or two before you leave to make sure that you will have live plants when you get back．You can also get great orchids in a sealed(密封) bottle that will last as long as your memory．

Pattaya Elephant Village is another place that you can not miss in Pattaya．It is a good place to learn and understand how elephants have been linked into Thai life and history over the centuries．You can also take an elephant trek there．Show time allows the elephants to display their skills，such as playing football．

You can also feed a tiger at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo(斯里拉差龙虎园)．There you will learn more about tigers．You can take photos with them．You can also enjoy elephant and crocodile shows at the zoo．

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1．What is Pattaya famous for in Thailand?

A．Beaches．

B．Sea．

C．Sunshine．

D．All of the above．

( ) 2．Whenever you go to Pattaya，it can provide many kinds of entertainment for ________．

A．both young people and the whole family

B．both old people and the whole family

C．both young people and kids

D．both parents and kids

( ) 3．Where can you get beautiful orchids in Thailand?

A．Beaches．

B．Pattaya Elephant Village．

C．Orchid Farms．

D．The Sriracha Tiger Zoo．

( ) 4．Which animal do you see at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo?

A．Foxes． B．Elephants． C．Lions． D．Monkeys．

( ) 5．The passage mainly tells us ________．

A．Pattaya is one of the most popular places for visitors to Thailand

B．you must buy some beautiful orchids in Thailand

C．Pattaya Elephant Village is the only place that you can not miss in Pattaya

D．if you visit Thailand，you must visit the Sriracha Tiger Zoo

答案：

1．D 根据第一段的内容可知，芭堤雅以阳光、碧海与沙滩而著名。

2．A 根据第一段的内容可知，无论什么时候去芭堤雅。它都能给年轻人和一个家庭提供游玩场所。

3．C 根据第二段的内容可知，在兰花农场可以买到兰花。

4．B 根据最后一段可知，在斯里拉差龙虎园可以看到老虎、大象和鳄鱼，所以选 B。

5．A 通读全文可知，这篇文章主要是讲述芭堤雅是到泰国游玩的最佳场所之一。

九

A high school student in southwest China who raised money for people of Wenchuan Earthquake by selling cookies and her own watercolor paintings attended the inauguration(就职典礼) of the US new President Barack Obama．

Li Zizi moved in August，2008 to Sichuan Province，which was rocked by a terrible earthquake in May．She now attends Chengdu Experimental Foreign Languages School(外国语学校)，which is close to many of the hardest-hit areas．

Her family is from Sichuan，but she was born and raised in Japan and was living there when the quake hit．

When the earthquake happened，Li baked sugar cookies to sell at her school and sold some of her watercolor paintings．She finally earned $500 to buy school supplies for children in the quake areas．Li also supports two children，one in first grade and the other in third，whose parents were forced to find work far away in order to earn money to rebuild their homes．Li provides the children with pocket money and tickets to travel to see their parents．

Because she was born and grew up abroad，Li said she has a feeling of being close to Obama，whom she called a "miracle"．"He's the perfect thing at the perfect moment for America，" she said．

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1．Where was Li Zizi born?

A．Sichuan． B．Japan． C．America． D．Chengdu．

( ) 2．Why did Li Zizi collect money in the quake?

A．Because she had to raise money for finishing her studies．

B．Because she wanted to see her parents．

C．Because she must help her parents to rebuild their homes．

D．Because she wanted to help children in the quake areas．

( ) 3．the Two children lost _______ in the earthquake．

A．their parents

B．their homes

C．their schools

D．their lives．

( ) 4．What did Li give the two children by selling cookies and watercolor paintings?

A．Some money．

B．Tickets．

C．Clothes．

D．A and B．

( ) 5．The underlined word "miracle" in the passage means "_______"．

A．机会 B．奇迹 C．渴望 D．理想

答案：

1．B 根据短文中第三段的内容可知，她出生在日本。

2．D 根据短文中第一、四两段内容可以确定她挣钱是为了帮助震区的孩子们。

3．B 根据短文中第四段“...，whose parents were forced to find work far away in order to earn money to rebuild their homes．”可以确定孩子在地震中失去了家园。

4．D 根据短文中第四段“Li provides the children with pocket money and tickets to travel to see their parents．”可确定答案。

5．B 根据上下文提示可以看出是“一种特别的、几乎不敢相信的事情”，即一种“奇迹”。

十

A hard-working Chinese rice farmer was supporting his children，wife and his old father．He worked long and hard each day，but still he was hardly growing enough to feed his children and wife．

One day he didn't work for the whole day．Instead，he built a small cart(手推车) out of some wood that he had．The next day he went to his old father and told him that the old man was no longer able to help the family．His old father was only eating and taking up precious resources(宝贵资源)．So the farmer loaded him into the new cart and headed up a nearby mountain．When he got to the top，he stopped and turned the cart to face down the mountain，but before he could start to roll(使……滚动) the cart，his father stopped him，saying，"Wait! Son，I can understand what you are doing，and even why you are doing it，but please save the cart．Your son will need it．"