首页 > (完整word版)培根的《论读书》Of Studies (原文和译文)

(完整word版)培根的《论读书》Of Studies (原文和译文)

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OfStudies
STUDIESservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight,isinprivatenessandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgment,anddispositionofbusiness.Forexpertmencan
execute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralcounsels,andtheplotsandmarshallingofaffairs,
comebest,fromthosethatarelearned.Tospendtoomuchtime
instudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchforornament,isaffectation;tomakejudgmentwhollybytheirrules,isthehumorofascholar.Theyperfectnature,andareperfectedbyexperience:fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplants,thatneedpruning,bystudy;andstudiesthemselves,dogive
forthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybeboundedin
byexperience.Craftymencontemnstudies,simplemenadmire
them,andwisemenusethem;fortheyteachnottheirown

use;
butthatisawisdomwithoutthem,andabovethem,wonby
observation.Readnottocontradictandconfute;nortobelieve
andtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkanddiscourse;buttoweighandconsider.Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobe
swallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested;thatis,
somebooksaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead,
butnotcuriously;andsomefewtobereadwholly,andwith
diligenceandattention.Somebooksalsomaybereadbydeputy,
andextractsmadeofthembothers;butthatwouldbeonlyin
thelessimportantarguments,andthemeanersortofbooks,
elsedistilledbooksarelikecommondistilledwaters,flashy

things.
Readingmakeafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwriting
anexactman.Andtherefore,ifamanwritelittle,hehadneedhaveagreatmemory;ifheconferlittle,hehadneedhaveapresentwit:andifhereadlittle,hehadneedhavemuchcunning,toseemtoknow,thathedothnot.Histories
makemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtitle;natural
philosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.
Abeuntstudiainmores.Nay,thereisnostandorimpedim
entin
thewit,butmaybewroughtoutbyfitstudies;likeasdiseases
ofthebody,mayhaveappropriateexercises.Bowlingisgoodfor
thestoneandreins;shootingforthelungsand***;gentlewalkingforthestomach;ridingforthehead;andthelike.So

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