DireCtions： Read the following text. ChOOSe the best WOrd (S) for each numbered blank and mark A9 B, C Or D On the ANSWER SHEET. (10 PointS)
TrllSt is a tricky business・ On the One hand, it,s a necessary COnditiOn (1)
many WOrthWhile things: ChiId care, friendships, etc. On the Other hand, PUtting your (2)in the WrOng PlaCe Often CarrieS a high (3).
(4), Why do We trust at all? Welh because it feels good・ (5) PeOPle PlaCe their trust in an individual Or an institution, their brains release OXytOCin, a hormone that (6) PleaSUrabIe feelings and triggers the herding instruct that IeadS
SheeP to flock together for Safety and PrOmPtS humans to (7) With One
another. SWiSS SCientiStS have found that exposure (8) this hormone PUtS US in a
trusting (9): In a study, researchers SPrayed OXytOCin into the noses Of half the
subjects; those SUbjeCtS Were ready to Iend SignifiCantly higher amounts Of money to StrangerS than Were their (10) WhO inhaled SOmething else・
(11) for us, We also have a SiXth SenSe for dishonesty that may (12) us. A Canadian StUdy found that Children as young as 14 InOnthS Can differentiate (13) a Credible PerSOn and a dishonest One・ SiXty toddlers Were each (14) to an adult tester IlOldmg a PlaStiC container. The tester WOUld ask, “What's in Ilere?^ before IOOking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, "Wow!” EaCh SUbjeCt WaS then invited to IOOk (15). HaIf Of them found a toy; the Other half
(16)the COntainer WaS empty-and realized the tester had (17) them.
AmOng the ChiIdren WhO had not been tricked, the majority Were (18) to
COOPerate With the tester in Iearning a new SkilL demonstrating that they trusted his IeaderShip. (19), OnIy five Of the 30 ChiIdren Paired With the M (20)HteSter
PartiCiPated in a follow-up activity.
1.A∙ On B. Iike C. for D∙ from
2.A∙ faith B・ COnCern C. attention D∙ interest
3.A∙ benefit B. debt C. hope D・ PriCe
4.A∙ TherefOre B. Then C∙ InStead D. Again
5・A・ UntiI B∙ LJnleSS C. AIthOUgh D∙ When
6・A. SeleCtS B. PrOdUCeS C. applies D・ maintains
7.A∙ COnSUlt B. COmPete C. COnneCt D∙ COmPare
8・A・ at B∙ by C・ Of D・ to
9・A・ COnteXt B∙ mood C・ PeriOd D・ CirCle
10.A・ COUnterPartS B. SUbStitUteS C・ COneagUeS D. SUPPOrterS
11.A・ FUnny B. LUCky C. Odd D. IrOniC
12.A・ monitor B. PrOteCt C. SUrPriSe D・ delight
13.A・ between B. Within C・ toward D・ OVer
14.A∙ transferred B. added C. introduced D∙ entiusted
15.A∙ OUt B∙ back C. around D・ inside
16.A∙ CliSCOVered B∙ PrOVed C∙ insisted D・ remembered
17.A∙ betrayed B・ WrOnged C・ fooled D・ mocked
18.A∙ forced B∙ Wining C・ hesitant D・ entitled
19.A∙ In COntraSt B・ AS a result C. OntheWhOle D・ FOr instance
20.A∙ inflexible B・ incapable C・ UnreIiable D・ UnSUitable
DireCtions: Read the following four texts. AnSWer the questions below each text by ChOOSbIg A9 B, C Or D・ Mark your answers On the ANSWER SHEET. (40 POintS)
AmOng the annoying ChanengeS facing the middle ClaSS is One that Wiil PrObabIy go UnmentiOned in the next PreSidential campaign: What happens When the robots COme for their jobs?
Don,t dismiss that POSSibiIity entirely. AbOUt half Of U.S. jobs are at high risk Of being automated, according to a UniVerSity Of OXfOrd study, With the middle CIaSS disproportionately SqUeeZed・ LOWer-income jobs Iike gardening Or day Care don,t appeal to robots・ BUt many middle-class OCCUPatiOnS-t∏jcking, financial advice, SOftWare engineering — have aroused their interest, Or SOOn VVilL The rich OWn the robots, SO they Win be fine・
ThiS isn,t to be alarmist. OPtinIiStS POint OUt that technological UPheaVal has benefited WOrkerS in the past. The IndUStrial ReVOkltiOn didn,t go SO Well for LUdditeS WhOSe jobs Were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised IiVing StandardS and Created more jobs than it destroyed・ Likewise, automation ShOUId eventually boost productivity, StimUlate demand by driving down prices, and free WOrkerS from hard, boring WOrk・ BUt in the medium term, IniddIe-ClaSS WOrkerS may need a IOt Of help adjusting・
The first step, as Erik BrynjOIfSSOn and AndreW MCAfee argue in The SeCOnd MaChine Age, ShOUld be rethinking education and job training. CUrriCUlUmS —from grammar SChOOl to COlIege- ShOUId evolve to focus IeSS On memorizing facts and more On CreatiVity and COmPleX COmmUniCation. VbCatiOnal SChOOIS ShOUld do a better job Of fostering PrOblem-SOIVing SkinS and helping StUdentS WOrk alongside robots. Online education Can SUPPlement the traditional kind. It COUld make extra training and instruction affordable・ PrOfeSSiOnalS trying to acquire new SkinS Will be able to do SO WithOUt going into debt.
The ChalIenge Of COPing With automation UnderlineS the need for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism: Starting new COmPanieS must be made easier. In PreViOUS eras Of drastic technological change, entrepreneurs SmOOthed the transition by dreaming UP WayS to COmbine IabOr and machines・ The best USeS Of 3D PrinterS and VirtUal reality haven,t been invented yet. The U.S. needs the new COmPanieS that Will invent 什Wm・
Finally, because automation threatens to Widen the gap between CaPital income and IabOr income, taxes and the Safety net Wiil have to be rethought. TaXeS On IOW-Wage IabOr need to be cut, and Wage SUbSidieS SUCh as the earned income tax Credit ShOUId be expanded: ThiS WOUld boost incomes, encourage work, reward COInPanieS for job Creation, and reduce inequality.
IeChnOlOgy WiIl improve SOCiety in WayS big and SnIall OVer the next few years, yet this Will be Iittle COmfOrt to those WhO find their IiVeS and CareerS UPended by automation. DeStrOying the InaChineS that are COming for OUrjObS WOUId be nuts. BUt POliCieS to help WOrkerS adapt Win be indispensable・ 2LWho WliI be InOSt threatened by automation?
A.Leading POIitiCianS・
B.LOW-Wage IabOrerS・
C.RObOt OWners.
D・ Middle-CIaSS workers.
22 ∙ WhiCh Of the following best represent the author's view?
A.WOrrieS about automation are in fact groundless・
B.OPtimists' OPiniOnS On new tech find Iittle support.
C・ ISSUeS arising from automation need to be tackled
D・ NegatiVe COnSeqUenCeS Of new tech Can be avoided
23.Education in the age Of automation ShOUId PUt InOre emphasis on ∙
A.CreatiVe potential.
B.job-hunting SkinS・
C.individual needs・
D・ COOPeratiVe SPirit・
24.The author SUggeStS that tax POliCieS be aimed at ∙
A・ encouraging the development Of automation・
B.increasing the return On CaPital investment.
C.easing the hostility between rich and poor.
D・ PreVenting the income gap from Widening・
25.In this text, the author PreSentS a PrObIem With ∙
A.OPPOSing VieWS On it.
B.POSSibIe SOkItiOnS to it.
C.its alarming impacts.
D・ its major Valiations.
Text 2
A new SUnrey by HarVard UniVerSity finds more than two-thirds Of young AmeriCanS disapprove Of PreSident TnJmP,s USe Of Twitter. The implication is that MinennialS Prefer news from the White HOUSe to be filtered through Other source, NOt a PreSident,s SOCial media PlatfOrm.
MOSt AlneriCanS rely On SOCial media to CheCk daily headlines. Yet as CiiStruSt has risen toward all media, PeOPIe may be Starting to beef UP their media IiteraCy skills. SUCh a trend is badly needed. DUring the 2016 PreSidential campaign, nearly a quarter Of Web COntent Shared by TWitter USerS in the POlitiCany CritiCal State Of MiChigan WaS fake news, according to the UniVerSity Of OXfOrd・ And a SUrVey COndUCted for BUZZ Feed NeWS found 44 PerCent Of FaCebOOk USerS rarely Or never trust news from the media giant・
YOUng PeOPle WhO are digital natives are indeed becoming more SkinfUl at SeParating fact from fiction in CyberSPaCe・ A Knight FOUndatiOn focus-group SUrVey Of young PeOPIe beħΛ∙een ages 14and24 found they USe UdiStribUted trust" to Verify StOries. They CrOSS-CheCk SOUrCeS and Prefer news from CIifferent PerSPeCtiVeS—SPeCialIy those that are OPen about any bias. UMally young PeOPIe assume a great deal Of PerSOnal responsibility for educating themselves and actively Seeking OUt OPPOSing VieWPOintSj the SUrVey COnClUded・
SUCh active research Can have another effect. A 2014 SUrVey COndUCted in Australia, Britain, and the United StateS by the UniVerSity Of WiSCOnSin-MadiSOn found that young PeOPleS reliance On SOCial media Ied to greater POlitiCal engagement.
SOCial media allows USerS to experience news events more intimately and immediately WhiIe also Permitting them to re-share news as a PrOjeCtiOn Of their ValUeS and interests. ThiS forces USerS to be more COnSCiOUS Of 什Wir role in PaSSing along information. A SurVey by Barna research group found the top reason given by AmenCanS for the fake IleWS PhenOmenOn is 'Teader eιτor,n more SO than made-up StOrieS Or factual IniStakeS in reporting・ AbOUt a third Say the PrObIem Of fake news IieS in UmiSinteIPretatiOn Or exaggeration Of actual IIeWSn Via SOCial media. In other words, the ChOiCe to Sllaι,e IleWS On SOCial media may be the Ileart Of the issue. UThiS HldiCateS there is a real PerSOllal responsibility in COUnteraCtmg this PrOblem∕, SayS ROXanne Stone5 editor in Chief at Barna GrOUP・
SO When young PeOPle are CritiCal Of an OVer-tweeting PreSident, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking SkinS 一 and in their ChOiCeS On When to Share On SOCial media.
A.the justification Of the news-filtering PraCtiCe・
B.PeOPle,s PreferenCe for SOCial Inedia PlatfOrms.
C.the administrations ability to handle information.
D・ SOCial media WaS a reliable SOUrCe Of news.
A.SharPen
B.define
C ・ boast
D・ Share
A.tend to VOiCe their OPiniOnS in CyberSPaCe・
B.verify news by referring to CliVerSe resources・
C.IIaVe S StrOng SenSe Of responsibility.
D・ Iike to exchange VieWS On UdiStribUted trust"
A.readers OUtdated ValUeS・
B.journalists1 biased reporting
C・ readers* misinterpretation
D・ journalists* made-up stories.
A.A RiSe in CritiCal SkinS for Sharing NeWS OnIine
B ・ A COUnteraCtiOn AgainSt the OVer-tweeting Trend
C.The ACCUmUIatiOn Of MUtUal Tιβust On SOCial Media.
D・ The PlatfOrmS for PrOjeCtiOn Of PerSOnal Interests.
Any fair-minded assessment Of the dangers Of the deal between Britains NatiOnal Health SenfiCe (NHS) and DeePMind must Start by acknowledging that both SideS mean well. DeePMind is One Of the Ieading artificial intelligence (AI) COmPanieS in the world. The POtential Of this WOrk applied to healthcare is Very great, but it COUId also Iead to further COnCentratiOn Of POWer in the tech giants. It IS against that background that the information COmmiSSioner, EIiZabeth Denham, has issued her damning VerdiCt against the ROyal Free hospital trust Under the NHS, WhiCh handed OVer to DeePMind the records Of 1.6 million PatientS In 2015 On the basis Of a VagUe agreement WhiCh took far too Iittle account Of the patients1 rights and their expectations Of PriVaCy・
DeePMind has almost apologized・ The NHS trust has mended its WayS・ FUrther aιτangements- and there may be many-between the NHS and DeePMind Will be CarefUny SCrUtiniSed to ensure that all necessary PermiSSiOnS have been asked Of PatientS and all UnneCeSSary data has been CIeaned. There are IeSSOnS about informed Patient COnSent to learn. BUt PriVaCy is not the Only angle in this CaSe and not even the most important. Ms. Denham ChOSe to COnCentrate the blame On the NHS trust, SinCe Imder existing IaW it UCOlltrOlIed^ the CIata and DeePMincl merely UPrOCeSSedH it. BUt this distinction misses the POint that it is PrOCeSSing and aggregation, not the mere POSSeSSiOn Of bits, that gives the data ValUe・
The great question is WhO ShOUld benefit from the analysis Of all the data that OUr IiVeS now generate・ PriVaCy IaW builds On the COnCePt Of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the Way the SUrVeinanCe economy works. The data Of an individual there gains its ValUe Only When it is COmPared With the data Of COUntleSS millions more.
The USe Of PriVaCy IaW to CUrb the tech giants in this instance feels SIightly maladapted・ ThiS PraCtiCe does not address the real worry. It is not enough to Say that the algorithms DeePMind develops Will benefit PatientS and SaVe IiVeS. What matters is that they Will belong to a PriVate monopoly WhiCh developed them USing PUbliC resources. If SOftWare PrOnIiSeS to SaVe IiVeS On the SCaIe that dugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big Pharm has done・ We are Still at the beginning Of this revolution and Small ChOiCeS now may turn OUt to have gigantic COnSeqUenCeS later. A IOng StrUggle Will be needed to avoid a future Of digital feudalism. Ms.
Denham1S report is a WelCOme Start・
A.It CaUSed COnfIiCtS among tech giants.
B.It failed to Pay CiUe attention to Patients rights・
C.It fell ShOrt Of the Iatters expectations
D・ It Put both SideS into a dangerous SitUatiOn.
A.empty promises.
B.tough resistance・
C ・ necessary adjustments・
D・ SinCere apologies.
A.PriVaCy PrOteCtiOn must be SeCUred at all costs.
B.Ieaking patients* data is WOrSe than Sening it.
C.making PrOfitS from patients* data is illegal.
D・ the VakIe Of data COmeS from the PrOCeSSing Of it
A.the ViCiOUS rivalry among big Pharnιas.
B ・ the ineffective enforcement Of PriVaCy law.
C.the UnCOntrOned USe Of new SOftWare・
D・ the monopoly Of big data by tech giants.
A・ ambiguous.
B.CaUtiOUS・
C.appreciative・
D・ COntemPtuous.
The U.S・ POStal SerViCe (USPS) COntinUeS to bleed red ink・ It reported a net IOSS Of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the IOth Straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue・ Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in UnfUnded IiabiIities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies・ FUndamentally, the USPS is in a historic SqUeeZe between technological Change that has Permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory StrUCtUre that denies management the flexibility to adjust its OPeratiOnS to the new reality
And interest groups ranging from POStal UniOnS to greeting-card makers exert self-interested PreSSUre On the USPS's UItimate OVerSeer-COngreSS-insisting that WhateVer else happens to the POStal Service, aspects Of the StatUS quo they depend On get PrOteCted. ThiS is Why repeated attempts at reform IegiSlatiOn have failed in recent years, IeaVing the POStal SerViCe Unable to Pay its bills except by deferring Vital modernization ・
NOW COmeS WOrd that everyone involved■一Democrats, Republicans, the POStal Service, the UniOnS and the SySteIn,s heaviest USerS—has finally agreed On a Plan to fix the SyStem. LegiSlatiOn is moving through the HOUSe that WOUld Save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion OVer five years, WhiCh COUId help Pay for new vehicles, among Other SUrViVal measures. MOSt Of the money WOUld COme from a Penny-Per-Ietter Permanent rate increase and from Shifting POStal retirees into MediCare・ The Iatter SteP WOUId IargeIy OffSet the financial burden Of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a IOng-Standing COnIPIaint by the USPS and its UniOn・
If it CIearS the House, this measure WOUld Stin have to get through the Senate 一 Where SOmeOne is bound to POint OUt that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessaιy to keep the POStal SemCe afloat, IIOt COmPrehenSiVe refbnn・ There ,s no Change to COneCtiVe bargaining at the USPS, a major OmiSSiOn COnSidering that PerSOmIel accounts for 80 PerCent Of the agency's COStS・ AISO missing is any discussion Of eliminating SatUrday Ietter delivery. That COmnIOn-SenSe Change enjoys Wide PUbliC SUPPOrt and WOUId SaVe the USPS $2 billion Per year. BUt POStal SPeCiabintereSt groups Seem to have killed it, at IeaSt in the HOIlSe. The emerging COnSenSUS around the bill is a Sign that IegiSIatOrS are getting frightened about a POlitiCalIy embarrassing ShOrt-term COlIaPSe at the USPS・ It is not, however, a Sign that they,re getting SeriOUS about transforming the POStal SyStem for the 21st CentUry.
36∙ The Anancial PrObIem With the LJSPS is CaUSed PartIy by ∙
A.its UnbaIanCed budget.
B.its rigid management.
C.the COSt for technical UPgrading・
D・ the WithdraWal Of bank SUPPOrt・
37∙ ACCOrdlng to ParagraPh 2, the USPS fails to InOClerniZe itself (Iue to ∙
A.the interference from interest groups・
B.the inadequate funding from COngreSS・
C.the Shrinking demand for POStal SerViCe・
D・ the incompetence Of POStal unions.
3& The IOng-Standing COlnPlaint by the LJSPS and its UiIiOnS Can be addressed by ∙
A.removing its burden Of retiree health Care・
B.making more investment in new vehicles.
C.adopting a new rate-increase mechanism.
D・ attracting more first-class mail USerS・
39.In the IaSt Paragraph9 the author SeelnS to VieW IegiSlatOrS With ∙
A.respect.
B.tolerance.
C.discontent.
D・ gratitude・
40.WhiCh Of the following WOUId be the best title for the text?
A・ The USPS StartS to MiSS ItS GOOd Old DayS
B.The POStal Service: KeeP AWay from My CheeSe
C.The USPS: ChrOniC InneSS ReqUireS a QUiCk CUre
D・ The POStal SerViCe NeedS MOre than a Band-Aid
DireCtions: The following ParagraPhS are given in a WrOng order. FOr QUeStiOnS 41∙45, you are required to reorganize these ParagraPhS into a COherent article by ChOOSing from the IiSt A-G and filling them UltO the numbered boxes. ParagraPhS C and F have been COrreCtly PlaCe(L Mark your answers On ANSWER SHEET. (10 POintS)
[A]. In DeCember Of 1869, COngreSS appointed a COmmiSSiOn to SeIeCt a Site and PrePare PIanS and COSt estimates for a new State DePartment BUilding・ The COmmiSSiOn WaS also to COnSider POSSibIe aιτangements for the War and NaVy DePartmentS・ TO the horror Of SOme WhO expected a Greek ReViVaI twin Of the TreaSUry BUiIding to be erected On the Other Side Of the White House, the elaborate FrenCh SeCOnd EmPire Style design by AIfred MUnett WaS selected, and COnStrUCtiOn Of a building to house all three ClePartmentS began in JUne Of 1871・
[B]. COmPleted in 1875, the State DePartment,s SOUth Wing WaS the first to be occupied, With its elegant four-story Iibrary (COmPIeted in 1876), DiPlOmatiC ReCePtiOn Room, and Secretary's OfflCe decorated With CarVed wood, Oriental rugs, and StenCiIed Wan Patterns. The NaVy DePartment moved into the east Wing in 1879, Where elaborate Wall and Ceiling StenCiling and marquetry floors decorated the OffiCe Of the SeCretary・
[C]. The State, War, and NaVy BUilding, as it WaS Originany known, housed the three EXeCUtiVe BranCh DePartmentS most intimately associated With formulating and COndUCting the nation,s foreign POliCy in the IaSt quarter Of the nineteenth CentUry and the first quarter Of the twentieth CentUry-the PeriOd When the United StateS emerged as an international POWer. The building has housed SOme Of the nation,s most SignifiCant diplomats and POlitiCianS and has been the SCene Of many historic events・
[D]. Many Of the most Celebrated national figures have PartiCiPated in historical events that have taken PIaCe Within the EEOB,s granite walls. TheOdOre and FrankIin D・ Roosevelt, Winiam HOWard Taft, DWight D・ Eisenhower, LyndOn B. Johnson, GeraId Ford, and GeOrge H. W. BUSh all had OffiCeS in this building before becoming PreSident. It has housed 16 SeCretarieS Of the Navy, 21 SeCretaneS Of War, and 24 SeCretarieS Of State・ WinStOn ChUrChin OnCe WaIked its COrridOrS and JaPaneSe emissaries met here With SeCretary Of State COrden HUn after the bombing Of Pearl Harb or
[E]. The EiSenhOWer EXeCUtiVe OffiCe BUilding (EEOB) COnImandS a UniqUe POSitiOn in both the national history and the architectural heritage Of the United States. DeSigned by SUPerViSing ArChiteCt Of the Treasury, AIfred B. MUnett, it WaS built from 1871 to 1888 to house the growing StaffS Of the State, War, and NaVy Departments, and is COnSidered One Of the best examples Of FrenCh SeCOnd EnIPire architecture in the country.
[F]. COnStrUCtiOn took 17 years as the building SIOWly rose Wing by wing. When the EEOB WaS finished, it WaS the IargeSt OffiCe building in WaShington, VVith nearly 2 miles Of black and White tiled COrndOrS. AlmOSt all Of the interior detail is Of CaSt iron Or plaster; the USe Of WOOd WaS IniniIniZed to insure fire safety. Eight monumental CUrVing StairCaSeS Of granite With OVer 4,000 individually CaSt bronze balusters are CaPPed by four SkyIight domes and two Stained glass rotundas・
[G]. The history Of the EEOB began IOng before its foundations Were laid. The first executive OffiCeS Were COnStrUCted between 1799 and 182O. A SerieS Of fires (including those Set by the BritiSh in 1814) and OVerCrOWded COnditiOnS Ied to the COnStrUCtiOn Of the existing TreaSUry BUiIding. In 1866, the COnStrUCtiOn Of the NOrth Wing Of the TreaSUry BUilding necessitated the demolition Of the State DePartment building.
41.42. 43. 44. 45.
DireCtions: Read the following text CarefUlIy and then translate the UtlderlUled SegmentS into Chinese. YOur translation ShOlIId be Written Ileatly On the ANSWER SHEET. (10 POintS)
SIIakeSPeare,s Iife time WaS COinCident With a PeriOd Of extraordinary activity and achievement in the drama. (46) By the CIate Of his birth Europe WJS WimeSSing the PaSSing Of the religious drama. Jnd the CreatiOn Of new foιτns ImdCr the incentive Of ClaSSiCaI tragedy “nd comedy. TheSe new forms Were at first mainly Written by SChOIarS and PerfOrnIed by amateurs, but in EnglancI, as everywhere else in WeStern Europe, the growth Of a ClaSS Of PrOfeSSiOnal actors WaS threatening to make the drama popular, Whether it ShOUId be new Or old, ClaSSiCal Or medieval Iiterary Or farcical. Court, SChOOl OrganiZatiOnS Of amateurs, and the traveling actors Were all rivals in SUPPIying a WideSPread desire for dramatic entertainment; and (47) no boy WhO Went a grammar SChOOI COilId be ignoπιnt thjt the drama WaS a form Of IiteratUre WhiCh gave glory to GIeeee and ROme and might yet bring honor to England・
When ShakeSPeare WaS twelve years old, the first PUbIiC PlayhOUSe WaS built in LOndOn・ FOr a time IiteratUre ShOWed no interest in this PUbIiC Stage・ PIayS aiming at IiteraIy distinction Were Written for SChOOl Or court, Or for the CllOir boys Of St. PaUrS and the royal ChaPeu who, however, gave PlayS in PUbIiC as WeIl as at COUrt,(48)but die PrOfeSSiOnaI ComPanieS ProSPered in their pennanent theaters, and ImiVerSity men With IiteratUre ambitions Were quick to turn to these theaters as Offering a IneanS Of livelihood. BV the time ShakeSPeare WaS twenty-five, Lyly, Peele, and Greene had made COmedieS that Were at OnCe POPUIar and literary; Kyd had Written a tragedy that CrOWded the pit; and MarlOWe had brought POetry and genius to triumph On the COmmOn Stage - Where they had PIayed no Part SinCe the death Of EUriPides. (49)A native Iitenu7 Ckama had been Created・ its alliance With the PIIbIiC PlayhOUSeS established, and at IeaSt Some Of its great traditions had been begun・
The development Of the EIiZabethan drama for the next twenty-five years is Of exceptional interest to StUdentS Of Iiterary history, for in this brief PeriOd We Inay trace the beginning, growth, blossoming, and decay Of many kinds Of plays, and Of many great CareerS・ We are amazed today at the mere number Of PIayS produced, as Well as by the number Of CiramatiStS Writing at the Same time for Hiis LOndOn Of two hundred thousand inhabitants. (50)To realize how great WnS the dramatic activity. We must remember further that hosts Of PlJyS have been lost： and that ProbJbly there is no author Of note WhOSe entiw WOrk has SlIrViVed・
SeCtiOll IV Writing
PartA
51. DireCtIons: Wnte an email to all international experts in your UniVerSityy inviting them to attend a graduation ceremony. In this Ietter9 you ShOUId State the timey PlaCe Und Other information about the ceremony. YOu ShOUld Write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.
DO IIOt Sign you OWn Hanle at the end Of the Iettery USe aLi Ming ” instead.
DO IIOt Write the address .(10POintS)
PartB
52∙ DireCtions: Wnte an essay Of 160-200 WOrdS based On the following pictures. In your CSSay9 you ShOuId
1)describe the PiCtUreS briefly;
2)interpret the IneatIiIlgy and
3)give your COmnIelItS・
YOu ShOId(I Write neatly On the ANSWER SHEET. (20 POilItS)
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=551.33&md5sum=a23bf064cc8dae202acfeaaf32411522&sign=20056dec4a&rtcs_flag=2&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=710&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_6","w":"551.33","h":"494.67","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image1.jpeg","imgOriW":827,"imgOriH":742})
【参考答案】
[1-5] CADBD [6-10] BCDBA [11-15] BBACD [16-20] ACBAC
[21-25] DCADB 【26-30】DABCA [31-35] BCDDB 【36-40】BAACD
[41-45] EGABD
【参考译文】
46.莎士比亚出生之时，欧洲宗教戏剧正在消逝，在古典悲剧和戏剧的推动 下，很多新的戏剧形式应运而生。
47•任何文法学校的学生都知道戏剧是一种文学形式，它曾给希腊和罗马带 来荣耀，也许同样会给英格兰带来殊荣。
48.但是专业公司的永久性剧院却兴旺起来，于是高校一些有着文学抱负的 人迅速抓住机遇，将其作为一个谋生手段。
49.一种当地的文学戏剧艺术已经产生了，它与公众剧院也建立了联盟关系， 而最终这种戏剧的一些伟大传统也开始岀现。
50.要想知道戏剧艺术的伟大之处，我们必须牢记大量的戏剧已经被遗忘 了，并且有可能没有一位知名作家的所有作品都保留了下来。
【参考范文一】
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