剑八Test2 小作文范文

范文原文

The three pie charts below show the changes in annual spending by a particular UK school in 1981, 1991 and 2001.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The charts show how much a UK school spent on different running costs in three separate years: 1981, 1991 and 2001.

In all three years, the greatest expenditure was on staff salaries. But while other workers’ salaries saw a fall from 28% in 1981 to only 15% of spending in 2001, teachers’ pay remained the biggest cost, reaching 50% of total spending in 1991 and ending at 45% in 2001.

Expenditure on resources such as books had increased to 20% by 1991 before decreasing to only 9% by the end of the period. In contrast, the cost of furniture and equipment saw an opposite trend. This cost decreased to only 5% of total expenditure in 1991 but rose dramatically in 2001 when it represented 23% of the school budget. Similarly, the cost of insurance saw a rising trend, growing from only 2% to 8% by 2001.

Overall, teachers’ salaries constituted the largest cost to the school, and while spending increased dramatically for equipment and insurance, there were corresponding drops in expenditure on things such as books and on other workers’ salaries.

图表分析

第一步：确定X轴和Y轴

其实这三个饼图其实可以用以下的表格来代替：

∙ X1 有序变量 年代（1981，1991,2001）

∙ X2 多分类变量 消费类别（teachers’ salaries, furniture and equipment, resources e.g. books, other workers’ salaries, insurance）

∙ Y 相对变量 百分数

第二步：分析图表

X1轴分析

∙ 当X2为teachers’ salaries时，1981年到2001年为上升趋势，具体趋势为先升后降

∙ 当X2为furniture and equipment时，1981年到2001年为上升趋势，具体趋势为先降后升

∙ 当X2为resources时，1981年到2001年为下降趋势，具体趋势为先升后降

∙ 当X2为other workers’ salaries时，1981年到2001年为下降趋势，具体趋势为一直下降

∙ 当X2为insurance时，1981年到2001年为上升趋势，具体趋势为一直上升

X2轴分析

∙ 从每年的各消费排序来看，均居于榜首的为teachers’ salaries，居于亚军地位的为other workers’ salaries, 稳居谷底为insurance。

∙ 至于另外两项，则变化比较大，如furniture and equipment项，1991年只有5%；而resources项，2001年只有9%。

第三步： 确定框架

一般超过两个图的题目一般图形之间存在着比双图表更加密切的联系，比如这三个饼图经过简单转换，就变成单个表格了。具体内容可以有两个发展框架，从 X2轴分析，居于前两位的消费是teachers’ salaries和other workers’ salaries，巧好均属于工资范畴。然后再看furniture and equipment总体为上升趋势，具体趋势为先降后升，而resources为下降趋势，具体趋势为先升后降，这两项的变化趋势正好相反。最后只剩下了 insurance，其趋势为一直上升，并且消费比例也是所有类别中最低的。

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