[英语]高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案

【英语】高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

    A 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home with his family. But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend — a bear.

    The child went missing on January 22. He was playing with friends at his grandmother's house in the southern state of North Carolina. When the other children returned home but Casey did not, the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police. Police formed a search and rescue team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods. But two days went by and still — no Casey.

    Then on January 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9:30 that night. They pulled him out of some briar. He was in good health. Casey told the rescuers that he had hung out with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his "friend".

    Sheriff Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies. He said Casey did not say how he was able to survive in the woods for three days in the cold, rainy weather. However, the sheriff said, "He did say he had a friend in the woods that was a bear that was with him."

    Hundreds of people helped in the search and rescue efforts, including some 600 volunteers, federal police and members of the military. Officer Hughes told reporters that at no point did he think Casey had been kidnapped.

    His mother Brittany Hathaway talked with reporters from a local news agency and thanked everyone who joined the search for her son. "We just want to tell everybody that we're very thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey and prayed for him, and he's good," said his mother. "He is good, he is up and talking. He's already asked to watch Netflix. So, he's good …"

（1）When did Casey get lost?

A. On January 24.                                                 B. After a 911 call.

C. Before his playmates came.                             D. After he left his grandmother's house.

（2）What can we know about the boy?

A. He survived with the help of a bear.

B. The rescuers rescued him from a bear.

C. Someone offered key information to find him.

D. He was eventually found by officer Hughes.

（3）Why did the mother say that in the last paragraph?

A. To report the detailed situation.                     B. To show her gratitude and relief.

C. To invite everyone to watch her child.            D. To appreciate searchers and the bear.

（4）Where is this text most likely from?

A. A news report.                B. A guidebook.                C. A diary.                D. An advertisement.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，男孩凯西在离开祖母家后就失踪了。两天之后,警察根据得到的线索在树林里找到了凯西。凯西告诉他的救援人员在森林里的这两天他一直和一只熊在一起。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The child went missing on January 22. He was playing with friends at his grandmother's house in the southern state of North Carolina. When the other children returned home but Casey did not”,可知这个孩子在1月22日失踪了。他正在他的祖母在北卡罗来纳州南部州的房子里玩耍。当其他孩子回家时,凯西却没有。也就是在离开祖母的房子后,凯西没有回家,失踪了。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Then on January 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9 :30 that night. ”可知然后在1月24日,有人打电话给警察,说他听到一个孩子在树林里哭泣。警方跟进了该消息,并于当晚9点30分发现了凯西。所以是有人提供了关键的信息来帮助找到这个男孩。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的" ‘We just want to tell everybody that we're very thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey and prayed for him, and he's good, ‘ said his mother. ’ He is good, he is up and talking. He's already asked to watch Netflix. So, he's good …’"可知男孩凯西的妈妈说:"我们只想告诉大家,我们非常感谢您抽出宝贵的时间去搜寻凯西并为他祈祷,他的状况很好。" "他很好,他在说话。他已经被要求观看Netflix。所以,他很好……",从妈妈的话中可知她很感激大家的帮助,她说这些话的目的就是为了向救援人员表达自己的感激。同时她强调凯西一切都好,感到很欣慰。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。本文讲述了一个小男孩失踪后被找到的事情,文中有具体的时间地点和各方人物,描述详细客观,结合最后一段中的 talked with reporters from a local news agency 可以推断这最有可能是一篇新闻报道。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

    If you want to convince the boss you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution could be simple — eat the same food as they do. Psychologists have discovered managers are much more likely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them.

    During experiments, discussions over wages and work conditions were much more successful if both sides chose to snack on the same treats. And shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time.

    The reason is thought to be so-called similarity attraction theory — where people tend to like others who have similar tastes or habits to themselves. But this is believed to be one of the first studies highlighting the role of food in this relationship. Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine food's role in earning trust.

    In a test, participants were told to watch TV — where someone pretending to be a member of the public praised a certain product. The volunteers were given Kit Kat bars to nibble (咬), while the TV people ate either a Kit Kat or grapes as they talked.

    The results showed viewers were much more likely to express an interest in buying the product if the TV showed the other person eating a Kit Kat too.

    The researchers added, “Although similarity in food consumption is not a sign of whether two people will get along, we find consumers treat this as such. They feel more trusting of those who consume as they do. It means people can immediately begin to feel friendship and develop a bond, leading to smoother transactions (交易) from the start.”

    Harley Street psychologist Dr. Lucy Atcheson said it was already known that wearing similar clothes could instantly create trust. But this was the first report that food had the same effect. She said, “This is really interesting. It makes sense as people feel they have common ground and can trust the other person. That means negotiations are more likely to be successful.”

（1）According to the passage, customers are likely to buy a product from a dealer who ______.

A. has the same taste as them                             B. advertises his products on TV

C. reduces the price of his products                   D. pays attention to the quality of his products

（2）The experiments conducted by researchers at Chicago University show that ______.

A. food plays an important role in earning people's trust         B. bosses like employees that have the same taste as them

C. people who have similar tastes to their boss's earn more         D. people have less interest in buying products advertised on TV

（3）What can be inferred from the passage?

A. People who eat similar food are more likely to trust each other.         B. People will get along with each other if they like to eat similar things.

C. The effect of wearing similar clothes hasn't been proved by researchers.         D. People are more likely to make friends with those wearing the same clothes as them.

（4）Which of the following sayings can be an example of the similarity attraction theory?

A. Honesty is the best policy.                              B. All good things come to an end.

C. Birds of a feather flock together.                    D. Where there is a will, there is a way.

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了相似吸引理论在食物上也成立，芝加哥大学研究人员进行的实验表明食物对人的信任起着重要的作用。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar kind of food to them at the time.”可知，顾客很可能从味道相同的经销商那里购买产品。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine food's role in earning trust.“可知美国Chicago University研究表明食物在赢得人们的信任方面起着重要的作用。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“this was the first report that food had the same effect. She said, ‘This is really interesting. It makes sense as people feel they have the common ground and can trust the other person. Thai means negotiations are more likely to the successful.’”可知，吃相似食物的人更容易信任对方。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据每条谚语的意思A. Honesty is the best policy. “诚实为上策”。B. All good things come to an end. “天下没有不散的筵席”。C. Birds of a feather flock together. “人以群分 物以类聚”。D. Where there is a will, there is a way.“有志者，事竟成”。可知C项符合题意。选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

    For years, my time spent in the shower could have got me a mention in Guinness World Records as the shortest time taken to bathe. I hurried up during this process.

    One day, however, while at a party, I heard an artist friend telling everybody that his idea came while he was having a shower. “What about you?” he asked, “Don't you get your creative thoughts from the same place?”

    “I'm in and out in a hurry,” I told him proudly. “I have no time to waste!”

    “What a pity,” he said. “That's the place where you need to slow down; plenty of great thoughts come from there!” I tried it out. I slowed down the whole process, started enjoying the warm water, taking a little longer to soap myself and even spending more time just enjoying the process, and realized how much I had missed in hurrying up all these years.

    A woman told me how much stress her friend was suffering from and how she sought to convince her that she needed to find ways to relax. She gave her a videotape on stress management and relaxation techniques, and encouraged her to watch it right away. Fifteen minutes later, her friend handed back the tape. “It was good,” she said,” but I don't need it.”

    “But it's a 70 - minute video,” the woman replied, “You couldn't have watched the whole thing.”

    “Yes, I did,” her friend said. “I put it in fast - forward!”

A major social problem of the 21st century is Hurry Sickness. We hurry through work. We swallow fast food. We complain that we don't have enough time. We race through the days and weeks until one day we look back in amazement and comment, “My god, how the years flew by!” Then we realize the heavy price we have paid for traveling fast.

    Symptoms of Hurry Sickness include stress and anxiety, bad relationships, lowered work performance and even disease. Some people don't survive it. What's the cure? Slow down, for life is so short and precious that we must live it well.

（1）What was the advantage of taking a shower in the eyes of the artist friend?

A. Time was saved.                                               B. Nothing was missed.

C. Great ideas flew away.                                     D. Creative thoughts came.

（2）What was the trouble with the woman's friend?

A. She felt stressed.                                              B. She found the tape useless.

C. She found no way to relax.                              D. She watched the tape too fast.

（3）What are the major trouble people face in the 21st century in the writer's eyes?

A. People run fast to work.                                  B. Everything is done in a hurry.

C. People don't have enough time.                     D. Time flies without being noticed.

（4）How can the problem be settled?

A. By pacing down.                                               B. By learning to survive.

C. By developing friendship.                                D. By performing good work.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。很多人以自己的快节奏生活而自豪，这会造成一种匆忙症，它的突出症状为焦虑，有压力，生病，工作效率低甚至活不下去。如果想治愈症，就要放慢速度。比如放慢洗澡的速度有可能会创意的想法出现。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的I heard an artist friend telling everybody that his idea came while he was having a shower. …“Don't you get your creative thoughts from the same place?”可知，作者的艺术家的朋友告诉大家。他创造性的想法是在他洗澡的时候来的。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故答案选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第五段“A woman told me how much stress her friend was suffering from …”可知，这位女子说她的朋友遭受了很大的压力。分析选项可知，故答案选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第八段内容可知，21世纪的人最大的问题就是“匆忙病”。他们匆匆忙忙的工作。吃快餐。他们抱怨没有足够的时间。他们一直和时间赛跑，直到有一天，惊讶地回过头来，说，“我的上帝，时光飞逝啊！“然后意识到他们已经付出了沉重的代价。分析本段的内容可知B项（一切都是匆匆忙忙完成的。）符合题意。在本段中说他们匆匆忙忙地工作而不是奔跑去上班， A错误。他们抱怨没有足够的时间而不是没有足够的时间，故C是错误的。而D项与题干无关。故不选，分析可知B项符合题意。

（4）推理判断题。最后一段说匆忙症的症状包括有压力和焦虑，不良的人际关系，工作效率低，甚至生病。有些人甚至无法生存下去。如何治呢？那就是放慢脚步。分析可知，要解决这个问题就要放慢速度。分析选项可知A项符合题意。

【点评】阅读理解细节题解题技巧：

1）语义转换题--跳读查找法：根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。

2）生活应用题--常识理解法：在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行判断。

3）细节排序题--首尾定位法：根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。

4）寻找信息题--题干定位法：寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题，主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等。

4．阅读理解

    When you go to the doctor, you like to come away with a prescription．It makes you feel better to know you will get some medicine. But the doctor knows that medicine is not always needed. Sometimes all a sick person needs is some reassurance that all will be well. In such cases the doctor may prescribe a placebo.

    A placebo is a sugar pill, a harmless shot, or ail empty capsule. Even though they have no medicine in them, these things seem to make people well. The patient thinks it is medicine and begins to get better. How does this happen?

    The study of the placebo opens up new knowledge about the way the human body can heal itself. It is as if there was a doctor in each of us. The doctor will heal the body for us if we let it. But it is not yet known just how the placebo works to heal the body. Some people say it works because the human mind fools itself. These people say that if the mind is fooled into thinking it got medicine, then it will act as if it did, and the body will feel better.

    Placebos do not always work. The success of this treatment seems to rest a lot with the relationship between the patient and the doctor. If the patient has a lot of trust in the doctor and if the doctor really wants to help the patient, then the placebo is more likely to work. So in a way, the doctor is the most powerful placebo of all.

    A placebo can also have bad effects. If patients expect a bad reaction to medicine, then they will also show a bad reaction to the placebo. This would seem to show that a lot of how you react to medicine is in your mind rather than in your body. Some doctors still think that if the placebo can have bad effects it should never be used. They think there is still not enough known about it.

    The strange power of the placebo does seem to suggest that the human mind is stronger than we think it is. There are people who say you can heal your body by using your mind. And the interesting thing is that even people who swear this is not possible have been healed by a placebo．

（1）What do we know about placebo according to the passage?

A. It contains some sort of medicine.                  B. It won't function if you are negative about medicine.

C. People who don't believe placebo can't be healed by it.         D. Patients and doctors know clearly how it helps to heal the body.

（2）Why is the doctor sometimes the most powerful placebo?

A. The patient needs help badly．                      B. The patient believes in the doctor．

C. The doctor knows better about your body．         D. The doctor has carefully studied medicine．

（3）What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A. The placebo.                 B. The bad effect.                 C. The body.                 D. The medicine.

（4）What is the passage mainly about?

A. Placebo：Work on Your Mind                         B. Placebo：The Most Powerful Medicine

C. Placebo：The Best Doctor                               D. Placebo：Heal Your Body

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而是需要医生开一些安慰的药剂，安慰病人的心理使病人的情绪得到舒缓，从而有利于病情的痊愈。

(1)考查细节理解。纵观全文可知，一些医生仍然认为，如果安慰剂有坏的影响，它应该永远不会被使用，他们认为对安慰剂仍然没有足够的了解。所以此处的it是指的安慰剂。故选A。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“A placebo is a sugar pill，a harmless shot，or ail empty capsule．”可知安慰剂不会起到医学上的作用。故选B。

(3)考查细节理解。根据文章的描述有时候病人是不需要使用药物的，医生给病人开出安慰剂，病人觉得安慰剂有很大的作用是因为他们很相信医生。故选B。

(4)考查主旨大意。本文讲述的是有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而是需要医生开一些安慰的药剂，这时候就会安慰病人的心理，病人的情绪得到舒缓从而有利于病情的痊愈。这被叫做安慰剂。通常是空的甜胶囊，作用于病人的心理，帮助他们调节心情，从而有利于病情痊愈。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

    While your pet fish may appear to be unaware of your presence, chances are that it knows you extremely well and can probably even identify you from a crowd of human faces!

    To test if this was accurate, some scientists decided to study archerfish（喷水鱼）. These animals don't have a sophisticated（复杂的）brain that is necessary to recognize the slight differences between human facial features.

    They began by presenting four archerfish with images of two human faces. Initially, the fish spit at both. However, they soon learned spitting water at the one selected by the researchers earned them a food treat. After that, they focused primarily on that image. The researchers then took the experiment one step further by introducing 44 other human faces to the mix.

    To the researcher's astonishment, the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time. And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.

    The results of the study suggest that though having tiny brains, archerfish may have developed high visual discrimination abilities. While it is contrary to the previous theory that a sophisticated brain is necessary to recognize human faces, the researchers believe they do not recognize faces by recalling complex facial information like gender and identity, but more likely by discriminating between detailed  patterns. Even so, the fact that these archerfish could “remember” those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originally-thought 3 seconds!

    This is not the first time researchers have realized how “smart” fish are. Previous studies have shown that fish can recognize those fish they have “socialized” with previously, and even recall complex three-dimensional maps of their surroundings.

（1）What is the purpose of the study?

A. To describe archerfish are easy to teach.         B. To tell people archerfish like to be rewarded.

C. To prove archerfish can recognize human faces.         D. To show archerfish can easily develop a habit.

（2）Why did the researchers use black and white images?

A. They could get these images easily.               B. Archerfish got tired of color images.

C. They wanted to make the task more difficult.         D. These images wouldn't get ruined by water.

（3）What conclusion did researchers draw in the study?

A. Archerfish have a 3-second memory.             B. Archerfish could distinguish detailed patterns.

C. Archerfish have a special form of communication.         D. Archerfish could remember complex facial information.

（4）What can we infer from the text?

A. Fish are social animals.                                    B. Fish are as clever as humans.

C. Fish are able to tell different shapes.              D. The results shocked the researchers.

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家对喷水鱼做的实验，实验表明鱼也很“聪明”，它们没有复杂的大脑但是却有辨认面孔的能力。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段做的“While your pet fish may appear to be unaware of your presence, chances are that it knows you extremely well and can probably even identify you from a crowd of human faces!”和第二段做的“To test if this was accurate, some scientists decided to study archerfish(喷水鱼).”可知这项研究的目的是证明喷水鱼可以认出人脸，故选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段做的“And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.”可知研究人员使用黑白图像是为了增加这项任务的难度，故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段做的“Even so, the fact that these archerfish could ‘remember’ those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originally- thought 3 seconds!”可推知喷水鱼可以辨别精细的图案，故选B。(4)考查细节理解。根据第四段做的“To the researcher's astonishment, the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time.”可知研究结果令研究人员非常吃惊，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

    A bite from a tsetse fly (采采蝇) is an extremely unpleasant experience. It is not like a mosquito, which can put its thin mouthpart directly into your blood, often without you noticing. In contrast, the tsetse fly's mouth has tiny saws on it that saw into your skin on its way to suck out your blood.

    To make matters worse, several species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases. One of the most dangerous is a parasite that causes ＂sleeping sickness＂, or ＂human African trypanosomiasis＂to give it its official name. Without treatment, an infection is usually fatal.

    Like so many tropical diseases, sleeping sickness has often been neglected by medical researchers. However, researchers have long endeavored to understand how it avoids our bodies' defence mechanisms. Some of their insights could now help us eliminate sleeping sickness altogether.

    There are two closely-related single-celled parasites that cause this deathly sleep: Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense. The latter is far more common: it is responsible for up to 95% of cases, mostly in western Africa. It takes several years to kill a person, while T. brucei rhodesiense can cause death within months. There are still other forms that infect livestock.

    After the initial bite, sleeping sickness symptoms often start with a fever, headaches and aching muscles. As the illness goes on, those infected become increasingly tired, which is where it gets its name. Personality changes, severe confusion and poor coordination can also happen.

    While medication does help, some treatments are toxic and can themselves be deadly, especially if they are given after the disease has reached the brain.

    It is worth noting that sleeping sickness is no longer as deadly as it once was. In the early 20th Century several hundred thousand people were infected each year. By the 1960s the disease was considered ＂under control＂ and had reached very low numbers, making its spread more difficult. But in the 1970s there was another major epidemic, which took 20 years to control.

    Since then, better screening programmes and earlier interventions have reduced the number of cases dramatically. In 2009 there were fewer than 10,000 cases for the first time since records began, and in 2015 this figure dropped to fewer than 3,000, according to the latest figures from the World Health Organisation. The WHO hopes the disease will be completely eliminated by 2020.

    While this decline looks positive, there may be many more cases that go unreported in rural Africa. To eliminate the disease completely, infections have to be closely monitored.

    More problematically, a series of new studies have shown that the parasite is more complicated than previously believed.

    Sleeping sickness has always been considered —— and diagnosed —— as a blood disease, because T. brucei parasites can readily be detected in the blood of its victims.

（1）A tsetse fly is different from a mosquito in that________.

A. it can put its thin mouthpart directly into your blood         B. all species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases

C. it can spread a parasite that causes ＂sleeping sickness＂         D. its mouth has larger saws than those on a mosquito

（2）What can be learned about ＂sleeping sickness＂ according to the text ?

A. It is formally called＂human American trypanosomiasis＂.         B. If left untreated, it can possibly be deadly.

C. It remains as deadly as it used to be.             D. It usually draws attention from medical researchers.

（3）What is implied in the last three paragraphs ?

A. ＂Sleeping sickness＂ will be completely eliminated by 2020.         B. The parasite causing ＂sleeping sickness＂ is easy to detect now.

C. T. brucei parasites can only be detected in the blood of its victims.         D. Data about ＂sleeping sickness＂cases may not be so accurate.

（4）What would be the best title of this passage ?

A. A mosquito that can carry deadly diseases.         B. A bite from this fly puts you into a deadly sleep.

C. Symptoms that are characteristic of ＂sleeping sickness＂.         D. How to control deadly＂sleeping sickness＂ from a tsetse fly.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了70年代被采采蝇咬伤很容易感染疾病，传播病菌，一定要小心。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的＂several species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases. One of the most dangerous is a parasite that causes 'sleeping sickness',＂可知，采采蝇可以传播一种寄生虫，导致“昏睡病”故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的＂Without treatment, an infection is usually fatal.＂可知，如果不加以治疗，它可能是致命的，因此选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的＂While this decline looks positive, there may be many more cases that go unreported in rural Africa.＂可知，非洲农村可能还有更多的病例未报告，因此关于“昏睡病”病例的数据可能不那么准确，故选D。

(4)考查主旨大意。整篇文章介绍了采采蝇，尤其说明它可以传播一种＂昏睡病＂，这种病会让患者丧命，因此选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

    LIANG TAO sold 80 pink Givenchy bags in 12 minutes. Becky Fang sold 100 Mini Cooper cars in just five. Both are wanghong, literally “red-hot on the web”. Every day millions of Chinese search social media for wanghong posts or tune in to live-streams for wanghong's opinions on everything. The fans are helping this new Chinese Internet star to make money out of their popularity—and to shake up the country's e-commerce industry in the process.

    A few of wanghong have been hired by luxury brands. Jaeger-LeCoultre, a Swiss watchmaker, hired Papi Jiang for a video ad targeting young urbanites (都市人), including her 27m fans on Sina Weibo, a Twitter-like microblog. Zhang Yi of iiMedia Research, a consulting firm, estimates that up to 15% of sales on shopping sites like Taobao or social-media apps such as WeChat are influenced by wanghong's public support. The length of a dress might be decided by a survey of a wanghong's fans; its launch date might be based on the number of hits, shares or comments it collects, some of which can cause last-minute design changes.

    This poses a new challenge for retailers(零售商), whose supply chains must respond ever more quickly to wanghong's opinions. Whereas previously a company would look for a celebrity to match its image, wanghong and their admirers are shaping goods.

    Another challenge comes directly from wanghong themselves. They increasingly make money not merely from online support or advice but by launching their own e-commerce stores. Sales of goods accounted for just under half of wanghong earnings of 53bn yuan ($8bn) in 2016, estimates Analysys, a Chinese market-research firm (the rest came mostly from live-show tips and adverts).

    Some wanghong are going a step further. In November Becky Fang launched her own clothing line. Part of her motivation, she says, was that the brands she supported did not always match the trends she was sharing with her followers. By creating her own brand, Becky's Fantasy, she have full control of the quality. She also gains a new income. For the time being only 3-5% of wanghong follow Becky Fang's example, iiMedia Research estimates. But it expects the model to become an industry in its own right, including entertainment and e-commerce, and driven by online data.

（1）Why can wanghong use their popularity to make money?

A. Because they are Internet stars.                      B. Because they use social media.

C. Because their opinions influence fans.           D. Because they can shake the e-commerce industry.

（2）What is the characteristic of the products supported by wanghong?

A. It is fans-based.                                                B. It is social-media-based.

C. It is design-shared.                                           D. It is youth-targeted.

（3）What are the challenges for retailers?

A. Online support and advice.                             B. Increasing sales of goods online.

C. Quick responses to the market changes.         D. Wanghong's opinions and e-commerce stores.

（4）Why do some wanghong create their own brands?

A. Because they want to attract more fans.         B. Because they want to share with their followers.

C. Because they want to set up a new industry model.         D. Because the brands they speak for can't satisfy their fans.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了网红正在利用自身的人气帮助一些品牌销售，在这个过程中撼动中国的电子商务行业。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Both are wanghong, literally ‘red-hot on the web’. Every day millions of Chinese search social media for wanghong posts or tune in to live-streams for wanghong's opinions on everything. The fans are helping this new Chinese Internet star to make money out of their popularity”可知，网红会利用自己的人气赚钱，那是因为他们的观点影响着粉丝。故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The length of a dress might be decided by a survey of a wanghong's fans; its launch date might be based on the number of hits, shares or comments it collects, some of which can cause last-minute design changes.”可知，网红所支持的产品的特点是以粉丝为基础的。故选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“This poses a new challenge for retailers (零售商), whose supply chains must respond ever more quickly to wanghong's opinions.”和第四段中的“Another challenge comes directly from wanghong themselves. They increasingly make money not merely from online support or advice but by launching their own e-commerce stores.”可知，网红的观点和他们开设的网上商店是对零售商的挑战。故选D。

(4)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Part of her motivation, she says, was that the brands she supported did not always match the trends she was sharing with her followers. By creating her own brand, Becky's Fantasy, she have full control of the quality.”可知，网红之所以创造他们自己的品牌是因为他们代言的品牌不能满足他们的粉丝。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的同时，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

    Research finds out why some people are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking insects while others walk free.

    For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be synonymous with mosquito bites. Yet others hardly ever get bitten. So how do the bloodthirsty insects select their victims?

    The insects' tastes may seem arbitrary. However, research shows that when mosquitoes make their choices between potential victims, it all comes down to scent (气味).

    “Mosquitoes are attracted by carbon dioxide and heat, which everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also attracted by certain scents,” says Karl-Martin Vagn Jensen, the head of research at the Department of Agricultural Science at Arhus University.

    According to Jensen, it has not yet been confirmed exactly what the scents in question are. But research does indicate that some scents are more attractive to mosquitoes than others.

    “All the lab employees rubbed petri dishes (培养皿) against their stomachs. In that way, their scents were put on the dishes, which were then put in a container full of mosquitoes,” he says. “The mosquitoes repeatedly landed on some of the petri dishes, but didn't go anywhere near the others.”

    Perhaps taking inspiration from popular fiction, there are also those who consider garlic as an excellent repellent (驱虫剂) against the winged bloodsuckers. According to the researcher, this strategy may not be entirely fruitless. “As far as I know, there is no scientific proof that eating garlic works. But there may be something to the theory that it's possible to mask scent with garlic,” he says. The only reliable method of protection against mosquitoes is to use repellents that are sold over the counter. It contains some smells that can confuse the mosquitoes. When the mosquito comes closer, it uses smell, heat and carbon dioxide to decide whether to bite. But if it is confused by a repellent, it will never get that far.

（1）Which of the following can best replace the phrase underlined in Paragraph 2?

A. Be equal to.             B. Be accessible to.             C. Be harmful to.             D. Be beneficial to.

（2）What can we infer about the scents attracting mosquitoes?

A. Mosquitoes can be attracted by various scents.         B. Some kinds of scents appeal to mosquitoes in particular.

C. The lab employees use petri dishes to deposit their scents.         D. Mosquitoes are arbitrary when it comes to different scents.

（3）What is the main idea of the last Paragraph?

A. A new strategy is used in researching repellents.         B. Garlic is considered to be an excellent repellent.

C. Using repellents is an effective way against mosquitoes.         D. The inspiration against mosquitoes is from popular fiction.

（4）Where is the text most probably taken from?

A. Science fiction.           B. A biography.           C. A medical report.           D. A research paper.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了为什么有些人经常受到吸血昆虫的攻击。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be synonymous with mosquito bites. ”对于那些不幸被蚊子叮咬的人来说，夏夜可以成为蚊子叮咬的同义词。也就是说“夏夜等同于蚊子的叮咬”，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Mosquitoes are attracted by carbon dioxide and heat, which everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also attracted by certain scents,”可知，某些种类的气味对蚊子尤其有吸引力。故选B。

（3）考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“The only reliable method of protection against mosquitoes is to use repellents that are sold over the counter. It contains some smells that can confuse the mosquitoes.”可知，使用驱虫剂是对付蚊子的有效方法。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Research finds out why some people are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking insects while others walk free.”可知，这篇文章最有可能来自一篇研究论文。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

    Alibaba opened China's version of Amazon's cashier-less store, “Tao Cafe” at its second annual Taobao Maker Festival taking place from 8—12 July, and then showed it to the public. By scanning a QR code（二维码）on Taobao app at the entrance of the store« consumers are tracked with cameras for facial recognition. After going through the checkout doors, customers will automatically make a purchase through their smartphones without needing to head to a register and be able to leave the store with what they buy in hand.

    The company, putting its efforts in Artificial Intelligence and data technologies, caused some ripples（波动）among offline retailers （零售商）. But if you think the e-commerce giant plans to get a slice of the physical-store pie, then you might get it wrong: “It's not about Alibaba wanting to open more cafes, we are not in the restaurant business.” it's about digitalizing the footprints of the visitors to an offline store, '' said Chris Tung, chief marketing officer of Alibaba Group.

    He said, for example, in the online world, Alibaba can always personalize every web page based on users interest and preference thanks to big data, “When you open our app, every moment is different.” But on the other hand, “offline is becoming not so exciting anymore”, because many physical stores are always found to be very similar with no variation.

    Tung said offline retailers could improve by adopting online data competence to link the identity of the customers» and optimize（优化）their in-store shopping experience. So in this sense, after physical stores have an understanding of what their customers need online, then they can allocate the products in the physical offline store accordingly. He further explained the pop-up Tao Cafe is one of the ways to present this “new retail” idea and opens up people's thinking and calls for more partnership.

（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The buying process in Tao Cafe.                     B. The payment method of Tao Cafe.

C. The meaning of the Taobao Maker Festival.         D. The advantage of the Taobao Maker Festival.

（2）Offline retailers worries that Alibaba will        .

A. control the market of production                   B. collect consumers's data in shopping

C. compete to gain physical stores' shares         D. develop its technology of Artificial Intelligence

（3）What is probably Tung's opinion on cashier-less stores?

A. They appear to be less exciting.                      B. They are to replace the offline stores.

C. They help to inspire the upgrades of retail.         D. They arrange their products in a random way.

（4）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Cashier-less payment competes with physical stores.         B. The application has become an instant hit.

C. Alibaba celebrates Taobao Maker Festival.         D. Tao Cafe is to revolutionize the offline retail.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Tao Cafe将彻底改变线下零售业。

(1)考查段落大意。根据第一段中的“Alibaba opened China's version of Amazon's cashier-less store, ‘Tao Cafe’ at its second annual Taobao Maker Festival taking place from 8—12 July, and then showed it to the public.”可知，第一段讲述的是在Tao Cafe的购买过程。故选A。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“But if you think the e-commerce giant plans to get a slice of the physical-store pie, then you might get it wrong: ‘It's not about Alibaba wanting to open more cafes, we are not in the restaurant business.’”可知，线下零售商担心，阿里巴巴将争夺实体店的股票。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Tung said offline retailers could improve by adopting online data competence to link the identity of the customers» and optimize（优化）their in-store shopping experience.”可知，Tung对无钱商店的看法可能是它们有助于激发零售的升级。故选C。(4)考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“He further explained the pop-up Tao Cafe is one of the ways to present this ‘new retail’ idea and opens up people's thinking and calls for more partnership.”可知，本文的主要意思是“Tao Cafe将彻底改变线下零售业。”故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

    Exhibitions in the British Museum

    Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave

    Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849) is widely regarded as one of Japan's most famous and influential artists.He produced works of astonishing quality right up until his death at the age of 90.This new exhibition will lead you on an artistic journey through the last 30 years of Hokusai's life—a time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces.

    25 May—13 August 2017

    Room 35

    Adults￡12,Members/under 16s free

    Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950

    Drawn from the British Museum's rich collection,this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours by British artists in the Victorian and modern eras—two halves of very different centuries.

    23 February—27 August 2017

    Room 90

    Free, just drop in

    Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia

    This major exhibition explores the story of the Scythians—nomadic tribes and masters of mounted warfare, who flourished between 900 and 200 BC. Their encounters with the Greeks, Assyrians and Persians were written into history but for centuries all trace of their culture was lost—buried beneath the ice.

    14 September 2017—14 January 2018

    Room 30

    Adults￡16.50,Members/under 16s free

    Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift

    This display is part of the Museum's contribution to the India-UK Year of Culture 2017.It looks at the popular print culture of India from the 1880s until the 1950s.

    19 July—3 September 2017

    Room 90a

    Free,just drop in

（1）If you are interested in drawings of natural scenery, you will probably go to______.

A. Room 35                         B. Room 90                         C. Room 30                         D. Room 90a

（2）Which exhibition can you attend in October 2017?

A. Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave.                  B. Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia.

C. Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950.         D. Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift.

（3）Where can we most probably find the passage?

A. In a health report.                                            B. In a story book.

C. In a parenting magazine.                                 D. In a tour guide.

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个不同的展览，分别是日本艺术家的杰作，英国水彩风景，希腊历史探索和印度印刷文化。

（1）考查细节理解。根据  Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950部分中的“this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours”以及下段的“Room 90”可知，这幅作品是关于自然风光的，在90房间。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia部分中的“14 September 2017—14 January 2018”，可知在2017年十月份可以去参观“Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia”这幅作品。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据短文是对博物馆里的艺术品的介绍，可知这篇文章可能出现在导游杂志里。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/b9d3e92b4bfe04a1b0717fd5360cba1aa9118c37.html