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发布时间：1714369542 来源：文档文库
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Headline 标题
1. Learning Objectives：
1Vocabulary building: Students need to acquaint themselves with the new words and expressions
2Knowledge: Students will learn about headline in news reports. 3Reading skill: Students will appreciate the language and sentence structure as well as some description in details. 4Writing skill：Students will be introduced the definition and functions of headline, Linguistic features of headlines. 2. Teaching periods: 6 3. Difficulties：
1. Objectively description about activities details. 2. Relationship between the leader of China and U.S. 4. Teaching practice：
Students conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing practice to deepen their understanding of the points taught in class. 5. Teaching methods：
A combination of traditional teaching methods with the communicative approach will be adopted. Special attention should be paid to classroom interaction. Give students time to adapt to the new teaching mode in the university that are quite different from the one they were used to in the middle school. More encouragement is needed and more guidance will be given to them in their extracurricular study.
I. Definition The headline is the most attractive part of a piece of news. It comes into audience’s eyes when they open a piece of newspaper. The headline is a “synthesis,” a crystallization, a distillation put into a capsule for easy swallowing. Here, crystallization means “easy to read,” distillation means “very well written” and capsule means “very well structured.”
II. Types of headlines There are two types of headlines. Most news stories use sentence headlines although they may be shortened by omitting certain words as you will see later. Many feature stories and some very short news stories use phrase headlines or titles which leave out the verb. Here are some examples of both: ⑴ Sentence headlines
Doctor’s AIDS Death Renews Debate on Who Should Know Pen Manufacturers Still See Good Future for Luxury Pens ⑵
Phrase headlines Getting in Touch with the Spirits Heroism and Cowardice at the “Top of the World” Reward for Tracing Suspect
The grammar of sentence headlines Almost all sentence headlines use the present tense---despite the fat that they generally describe past events. The present tense gives the subject a sense of freshness and immediacy, making it more interesting to read. Headlines pack a great deal of information into a limited space, so it is not surprising that headline writers use several methods to conserve space. One obvious example is to use abbreviations(“PM” for “Prime Minister,” etc.. But they also use a special grammar, omitting articles(“a” and “the” and the verb “to be” wherever possible.
III. Purposes& functions of headlines a. to advertise news b. to tell the gist of the accompanying news c. to help the reader evaluate the news .
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d. to break the monotony of a newspaper page
IV. Tenses 1.The simple present tense is used to describe past action. to conserve space, -s is shorter than –ed; to give reader fresh impression ENT doctor dies at 86 Mount St. Helens erupts after 50 year’s silence
2.The future tense is expressed by an infinitive verb Largest Chinese trade delegation to visit US in Nov. Japanese dash to US to say ‘I do’
3.The present progressive tense is expressed by an –ing verb to indicate the continuity of an action of an event. Death toll in quake-hit Kobe growing V. Voices As for voices, active voice is more colorful and appealing, more forward and powerful in transferring meanings. So in headlines it is more often used than passive voice, like “Fed expected to cut key rates to lowest since early 60’s by a half-point.” But passive voice is also used when the person or subject receiving the action is more important, but here “be” is often omitted as in “Journalist fired in spy debate,” “37 killed in Italian plane crash.”
VI. Omissions The omission of Articles and Pronouns: Israel, Palestine to resume peace talks NBC’s President Robert Wright seeks big acquisitions, ventures for the network In the following cases, “the” cannot be omitted: if “the” is among a set phrase
if “the” is used to make up the space if “the” is to cover the picture below
VII. Punctuations
Comma(, conjunction end Colon(: introduce what a speaker says Dash（-）introduce what a speaker says Political efforts vital to reform---Party leader
World unity against terrorism needed---Blair French professor: Malaria still menaces quarter of humanity
Chinese cooks: masters at turning turnip into flower Short, dynamic wording Another way to conserve space in headlines is to use short
