初中英语句型转换和同义词转换

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初中英语句型转换和同义词转换
一、陈述句与疑问句、祈使句、感叹句间的转换
1、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句,大部分是用not来改变谓语结构,但也有借用否定意义的词,如nothing,nobody,none,neither,little,few,never,hardly等,例如:
ATomdoeswellinmaths.BTomdoesntdoinmaths.
AHehasmuchtodo.BHehasnothingtodo.
AAllofmyclassmateslikeart.BNoneofmyclassmateslikesart.
2、改为疑问句。根据上下句的结构和词的减少,来判断变为哪一种形式的疑问句。例如:
AMybrotheroftenhasbreakfastatschool.
BDoesyourbrotheroftenhavebreakfastatschool?
ATomsalreadyweakinEnglish.
BTomsalreadyweakinEnglish,isnthe?
ATheredlightchangeseverytwominutes.BHowoftendoestheredlightchange?
3改为感叹句。根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性,来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式,例如:
AThisisaninterestingbook.
BWhataninterestingbookthisis!Howinterestingthisbookis!
二、同义句转换。
根据上句,写出一个意思相同(或相近)的下句,此类形式繁多,内容复杂,涉及面广,归类如下:
1、同义词或词组之间的转换。(通常上下句时态保持一致)
常见的同义词或词组有:(1四个“花费”spendtakecosttake(2三个“到达”gettoreacharrivein/at(3四个“收到…来信”hearfromgetaletterfromreceivealetterfromhavealetterfrom(4两个“擅长于…”begoodatdowellin(5两个“有空”befreehavetime(6三个“入睡”gotosleepgettosleepfallasleep(7两个“玩
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初中英语句型转换和同义词转换
得开心”enjoyoneselfhaveagoodtime(8给…打电话”callsbtelephonesbringsb.acallmakeatelephonetosb.(9飞往…”flyto…—gotobyair/plane(10自学”teachoneselflearnbyoneself(11在…方面帮助helpwith…—help(todo(12在…差beweakin…—dobadlyin(13/会…canbeableto(14更喜欢…likebetterthan…—preferto(15充满了…befullof…—befilledwith(16放弃干…giveupdoing…—stopdoing(17不再…nolongernotanylonger(18照顾/保管takecareof…—lookafter(19展览onshowondisplay(20阻止…干…stopfromdoingkeep/preventfromdoing(21由于thankstobecauseof(22举手handsupputuponeshands(23最后,终于atlastintheend(24与…不同bedifferentfrom…—benotthesameas(25从…借入…borrowfrom…—lendto(26乘公汽/火车/的士gotobybus/train/taxitakeabus/train/taxito(27乘自行车去…gotobybikerideabiketo(28为…感到自豪beproudof…—betheprideof(29步行去…walkto…—gotoonfoot(30独自地byoneselfalone等。例如:
AThechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.BThechildrenenjoyedthemselvesinthepark.
2、同义句型之间的转化。常见的同义句型有①Itseemsthat从句→Somebodyseemstobe+adj/nItskindofsb.todo…→SomebodyiskindtodoWhatdoesmean?Whatdoyoumeanby?Whatsthemeaningof?Thereissomethingwrongwith…→Somethingiswrongwithnotuntil…与when/after/before引导的时间状语从句的转换Whatswrongwith?Whatsthematterwith?Howis?Whatslike?Howdoyoulike?Whatdoyouthinkof?Itstimethat…→Itstimeforsb.todo…⑨Itssaidthat…→Peoplesaythat…⑩CanIhelpyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?例如:
AIwenttobedafterIfinishedmyhomework.
BIdidntgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.
3if引导的条件状语从句的转化。例如:
AIfitdoesntraintomorrow,theyllgotothepark.BUnlessitrainstomorrow,theyllgotothepark.
AIfyoudonthurry,youllbelate.BHurryup,oryoullbelate.
AFishcantliveifthereisnowater.BFishcantlivewithoutwater.
4、现在完成时态中的一句多译。在现在完成时态中,结束性动词不能与时间段连用,必须改成相应的延续性动词。常见的动词转换有:buyhave,borrowkeep,diebedead,openbeopen,joinbein+组织/bea+成员,beginbeon,leavebeawayfrom,closebeclosed,arrivein/getto/come/gotobein/at,finshbeover,gotosleepbeasleepgetupbeup.
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初中英语句型转换和同义词转换
例如:Theoldmandiedfivemonthsago.
Theoldmanhasbeendeadsincefivemonthsago.Theoldmanhasbeendeadforfivemonths.It’sfivemonthssincetheoldmandied.
Fivemonthshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.
5、简单句与复合句之间的转换。
①含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。例如:
AIsawtheywereplayingfootballontheplayground.BIsawthemplayingfootballontheplayground.
ATheteacherfoundthatshewasveryclever.BTheteacherfoundherveryclever.
AHefoundthatitwashardtolearnEnglishwell.BHefoundithardtolearnEnglishwell.
AWearesurethatwewillwintofirstmatch.BWearesuretowintofirstmatch.
由疑问代词/副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式”结构。例如:
ACouldyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?BCouldyoutellmehowtogettotherailwaystation?
AWedontknowwhatweshoulddonext.BWedontknowwhattodonext.
when/after/before/while/since/untilwhen/after/before/while/sine/until+doing例如:
ATheywenthomeaftertheyfinishedtheirwork.BThewenthomeafterfinishingtheirwork.
AMrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincehecametoChina.BMrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincecomingtoChina.
Whensb.+be+数词+yearsoldattheageof+岁数
AWhenhewastwelveyearsold,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.BAttheageoftwelve,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.
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初中英语句型转换和同义词转换

③由sothat…引导的结果状语从句可转化为tootodo或…enoughtodo……例如:
ATheboxissoheavythatIcantcarryit.BTheboxistooheavyformetocarry.
或:Theboxisntlightenoughformetocarry.
AThechildissooldthathecangotoschool.BThechildisoldenoughtogotoschool.
④由sothat引导的目的状语从句可转化为inordertodo例如:
AMyfathergotupearlythismorningsothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.BMyfathergotupearlythismorninginordertocatchtheearlybus.
⑤由because引导的原因状语从句可转化为becauseof…例如:
AWedidntgototheparkbecauseitrained.BWedidntgototheparkbecauseoftherain.
⑥定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语。例如:
AThemanwhoisonthebikeisJim.BThemanonthebikeisJim.
AThemanwhoisdrivingtheredcarismyboss.BThemandrivingtheredcarismyboss.
AThegirlwhoiscalledMaryismysister.BThegirlcalledMaryismysister.
6、用并列连词neithernoreitheror…;bothand…;notonlybutalso…连句。例如:
AIhaventseenaTVplayforlong,andLilyhasnteither.BNeitherInorLilyhasseenaTVplayforlong.
ATomisgoodatmaths,andheisgoodatFrench,too.BTomisgoodatbothmathsandFrench.
neithernor,eitheror…和notonlybutalso…连接两个主语时,谓语动词依靠近它的主语而定,即“就近原则”,但是bothand用来连接两个主语时,谓语复数。
7、主动语与被动语态的互变。
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初中英语句型转换和同义词转换

“主动”变“被动”实行“三变二不变”原则。“三变”即是主语,谓语和宾语的变化,“二不变”即时态不变,句式不变。例如:
ATheymakewatchesinthetown.
BWatchesaremadebytheminthetown.
AIcanfinishtheworkbeforeeight.
BTheworkcanbefinishedbymebeforeeight.
ADotheygrowriceinSouthChina?
BIsricegrowninSouthChina?
注:使役性动词make或感观性动词see/watch/lookat/hear/listento/feel在主动语态中所带省to的不定式宾补变为被动语态时,必须加上to.
AIsawhimtakeyourumbrella.
BHewasseentotakeyourumbrella.
8、形容词、副词二级之间的转化,例如
AChineseisthemostimportantsubjectofall.
BChineseismoreimportantthananyothersubject.
AThisexerciseiseasierthantheothertwo.BThisexerciseistheeasiestofthethree.
.解题指导
要做好句型转换题,必须注意如下几点:
1、注重掌握教材中的基本句和同一句子英语的不同结构表达技巧。
2、弄清题意,明确题目考查点,了解题目所给句子与答句之间的关系。
3、注意从多角度,全方位考虑问题,突破难点,注意复查,看是否按要求完成了转换。
同义句转换的九种类型k.
分析:答案为howyoucan。即将原句中的“疑问词+不定式”结构转换成宾语从句。4.Youshouldputthembackafteryouusethem.Youshouldputthemback__________them.
分析:答案为afterusing。即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。
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初中英语句型转换和同义词转换

七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换
即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如:1.Comeon,orwe’llmisstheearlybus.
____we____hurry,we’llmisstheearlybus.
分析:答案为Ifdontif引导条件状语从句。
2.Themangaveusatalklastweek.Nowhewillgiveusanothertalkthisweek.Theman_____gaveusatalklastweek__________usanothertalkthisweek.
分析:答案为who/thatwillgivewho/thatgaveusatalklastweek为定语从句,修饰先行词theman
八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子
即运用关联连词bothand…,neithernor…,eitheror…,notonlybutalso…等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是,bothand…连接两个主语时,谓语总是用复数,而neithernor…,eitheror…,notonlybutalso…连接两个主语时,谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如:
1.Tomcan’tspeakJapanesewellandJimcan’t,either.______Tom______JimcanspeakJapanesewell.
分析:答案填Neithernorneithernor…表示“……和……(两者)都不”,刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。
2.AlicehasreadthebookandPeterhasreadit,too.______Alice______Peterhavereadthebook.
分析:答案为Bothandbothand…的意思是“……和……(两者)都”3.Thisstoresellsmen’sshoes,anditalsosellsmen’sclothes.
Thisstoresells____________men’sshoes____________men’sclothes.分析:答案为notonlybutalso。表示“不仅……而且……”之意。
九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换
这类典型结构如sothat…,tooto…,enoughtonotuntil…,sodoI等。如:1.Jimwantstogoboatingandhisparentswanttogoboating,too.Jimwantstogoboating,and____________hisparents.
分析:答案为sodo。句意为“……他的父母也一样(一样想去)2.Johnwenttobedafterhefinishedhishomework.John______gotobed______hefinishedhishomework.
分析:答案为didntuntilnotuntil意为“直到……才”
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