宾语从句中的陈述语序

发布时间:2018-06-27 15:56:42   来源:文档文库   
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宾语从句中的陈述语序

宾语从句-时态

1·主句用一般现在时从句可用任意时态。

2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。

3·主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时。

宾语从句-连接词

1连词that:只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。

He knewthathe should work hard

2.连词whetherif:它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作是否解,口语中多用if

Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning

3连接代词whowhom whosewhat which:它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有其自己的意义。

The teacher asked the new student which class he was in?(which引导宾语从句,在从句中作定语,修饰class,意为哪个。)

4.连接副词whenwhere whyhow:起连接作用,分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语,各有其自己的意义。

I wonder where he got so much money.对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。(where在从句中作地点状语,修饰got,意为哪里;什么地方

宾语从句-类型

一. 陈述句充当宾语从句:
陈述句充当宾语从句用that引导,that可以省略。

简单句She was much better.Lily said.
从句:Lily said that she was much better.(Lily 说她好多了)

二.一般疑问句充当宾语从句:

1.一般疑问句充当宾语从句用if whether引导,从句应采取陈述句的语序。

简单句:I wonder. Can Jack swim in such a wide river ?
从句:I wonder whether Jack can swim in such a wide river.

2. whether引导宾语从句时可以和if互换,但是下列情况只能用whether

1介词后的宾语从句用whether引导。
I’m worrying about whether she will come. (我在担心她是否会来。)
2)宾语从句提前时,用whether引导。
Whether you can come, I don’t care.(我不介意你是否能来)
3)后面紧跟or not时, 应用whether引导。
We don’t know whether or not she will like the gift. (我不知道她是否会喜欢这个礼物。)
4)与代替从句的不定式连用时,应用whether引导。
I don’t know whether to go or stay.(我不知道是去还是留)
5)在discuss, wonder后做宾语从句时,用whether引导。
We are discussing whether we will put off the meeting. (我们正在讨论是否推迟会议)

.特殊疑问句充当宾语从句:

特殊疑问句充当宾语从句时,保留原来的疑问词,并改为陈述句的语序。

简单句:Whose book is this ? Her brother asked.
从句:Her brother asked me whose book this was .

四、动词的宾语从句

大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.

部分动词+副词结构也可以带宾语从句
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?

动词短语也可以带宾语从句

常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记

Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.

it代替的宾语从句

动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.

②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it

这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.

When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.

若宾语从句是wh-,则不可用it代替

We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.

五、介词的宾语从句

wh-类的介词宾语从句

The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.

that,if引导的介词宾语从句

I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知

六、形容词的宾语从句

常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised  

He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望

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