文档文库
手机版
投诉建议
热门搜索： 心得体会 演讲稿 思想汇报
首页 > 上外自主招生卷-

上外自主招生卷-

发布时间：   来源：文档文库   
小 中 大
字号：
手机查看

上外自主招生卷


2015上海外国语大学自主选拔测试
听力略
Already the class is ________ about who our new teacher will be. A foreseeing B speculating C fabricating D contemplating
Just because I'm ________ to him, my boss thinks he can order me around without showing me any respect. A redundant B trivial C versatile D subordinate
Many scientists remain ________ about the value of this research program. A skeptical B stationary C spacious D specific
Depression is often caused by the ________ effects of stress and overwork.. A total B increased C terrific D cumulative
A human's eyesight is not as ________ as that of an eagle. A eccentric B acute C sensible D sensitive
We'll be very careful and keep what you've told us strictly ________. A rigorous B confidential C private D mysterious
The members of Parliament were ________ that the government had not consulted them. A impatient B tolerant C crude D indignant
He is the only person who can ____ in this case, because the other witnesses were killed mysteriously. A testify B charge C accuse D rectify



A climax B summit C pitch D maximum
Several guests were waiting in the ____ for the front door to open. A
porch B vent C inlet D entry As the mountains were covered with a _____ of cloud, we couldn't see their tops. A coating B film C veil D shade
We couldn't really afford to buy a house so we got it on hire purchase and paid monthly ____. A
investments B requirements C arrangements D installments
He began to dismantle segregation within the armed forces. A.disassemble B.disgrace
C.knock down
D.tackle The employer was forced to allay the tumult. A.dispel

B.alleviate
C.lessen

D.oppress The speaker had a really noble voice which he could modulate with great skill. A.soften

B.harden
C.deprive

D.adjust I guess ignorance must be a sin. A.guilt
D.divergence B.color

C.deviation
He beguiled me into lending him my bicycle. A.charm


B.retreat
C.setback

D.deceive There are many legends about the heroes of antiquity. A.icebergs

B.ancientness
C.drawback

D.relic He shouted in an exasperate voice. A.shocking

B.exciting
C.infuriating D.bile

The largest stones weigh over five tonnes apiece. A.respectively
B.marketing
C.auspicious
D.furious She was quite adamant that she would not come. A.obsolete

B.obstinate
C.obliterate
D.oblivion Our office is really stuffy. A.fragrant

B.vent
C.draught

D.airless (1 Growing up on Long Island with five brothers, Meaghan Repko never intended to go to a women’s college. “Never!” she repeats, for emphasis. She envisioned such schools as insular little worlds with students and professors beating the drum of girl power and gender politics--- stifling, angry places, to be sure. Plus, she figured she’d kind of miss having guys around. Then she visited Hood College. And now Repko, a 22-year-old senior there, can’t say enough good things about the women dominated enclave she found on the red-brick campus in Frederick. “It’s an environment where you can feel free to say

what you want,” she said. “The friendships and the bonds are so amazing--- it’s like a sisterhood.”
Students like Repko were the nagging paradox that confronted Hood officials as they decided Thursday to admit men to its residential program, starting next fall, for the first time in its 109-year history. Like many women’s colleges, Hood had seen its student population shrink substantially in the past 20 years; this year’s enrollment of about 1,700 includes 873 graduate students. Recent surveys cited by the school found barely 3 percent of high school girls seriously interested in attending a women’s college.
Most Hood students, in fact, say they came for strong academics or a good financial aid package—if anything, in spite of the single-sex setting. Yet they were the ones who emerged as the fiercest defenders of the women-only tradition at

Hood, and the ones most deeply mourning the change. At the official announcement on campus Friday, students said, many classmates were in tears. “It’s going to change my college experience,” said Mary Rottman, 19, a junior from Westminster, Md. “I think we’re still in a state of shock.”
Hood officials say the debate never questioned the value of a single-sex education. Rather, they said, Hood was grappling with longtime national trends that have promoted so many women’s colleges to go coed, merge with other institutions or close their doors. Women’s colleges have struggled to find their place in the higher-education market since the late 1960s, when the vast majority of men’s colleges began opening their doors to women. Only three colleges remain all-male. All-female colleges endured longer by casting themselves as

mainstays of tradition or protectors of feminism. Yet their numbers have shrunk dramatically: from nearly 300 in 1960 to fewer than 60 free-standing four-year institutions today. Hood was able to buck the trend for so many years, college officials said, because of a healthy endowment and a strong regional reputation. Hood even made some delicate steps towards coeducation in the early 1970s, enrolling men as commuter students, though not as campus residents. Men now make up about 13 percent of the enrollment. Still, from a high of 300 residential freshmen in the late 1970s, Hood enrolled only 110 new students last year—barely one-third the number needed to maintain financial health, officials said. This fall’s first-year class numbered 185. Officials said the gains were the product of an aggressive

new admissions staff and are unlikely to be improved upon.
“It’s increasingly difficult to communicate with young high school women about the benefits of a women’s college,” President Ronald J. Volpe said in an interview earlier this month. Volpe said the women’s colleges that have remained in good health either have good relationships with coed schools or large endowments. Wellesley College has more than $1 billion, and the $131 million endowment at Randolph-Macon Women’s College is more than twice that at Hood. Hood’s faculty had long advocated a switch to coeducation, producing a study two years ago that made a strong case for admitting men. “I’m a proud product of a single-gender institution, but we have to live in the realities of today,” said Anita Jose, an associate professor of

management and director of the college’s MBA program. Faculty members were troubled by declining enrollment’s effect on the school’s finance, after a 5 percent pay cut several years ago and the dropping of two majors. Even the intimacy of Hood’s small classes, some said, had become too much of a good thing. “In some upper-level classes, you only have three or five students,” said Hoda Zaki, head of the department of history and political science. “It doesn’t generate the kind of discussion you want in the classroom.”
In late August, college officials sent alumni letter updating them on the coeducation discussions. The responses, officials said, was largely supportive. And many students interviewed on campus earlier this month expressed indifference or ambivalence.

Indeed, while angry protests had erupted at other schools making such a transition, such as the Goucher College and the then all-male Washington and Lee University, no organized opposition developed at Hood. After Friday’s announcement, though, many students said they never had an opportunity to begin a protest because the administration made its decision far faster than they expected. “We knew it was being discussed, but from what we understood, it would take place within two years, not next year,” Repko said. “Faculty were asked [their opinion] and alumni were asked, but they never asked the students.”
Some students and young alumnae fretted that with the arrival of men, Hood would lose the traditions that defined it for them as their alma mater—the beanie hats that juniors make their “little sister” freshmen wear on campus during the first

weeks of school, the chance to wear pajamas to class. “When you add men to the picture, it changes the aura,” said Jaime Kowzum, 24, a 2000 graduate from Columbia who choked back sobs as she spoke. “What man is going to wear a Hood College ring on his pinkie finger? When I look at my ring, it takes me back to those four years.” Others, though, said they are optimistic that the school’s traditions will find room to grow among the new male students. “Longevity requires a certain acquiescence to what’s going on in the world,” said Emily Johnson, 21, president of the senior class. She sighed as she described the old Hood as “a slumber party… the best of summer camp.” Still, “I don’t think we’ll ever lose touch with these traditions,” she said. The caretakers are far too vigilant.” (Washington Post, Sunday, October 20; Page C05

36. The word “insular” in para. 2 most probably means ______. A women only B narrow minded C feminist
D traditional 37. The chief factors for the attraction of Hood include all the following except ______. A the relationship of sisterhood B strong academic atmosphere
C a good financial aid D the single-gender environment 38. It is suggested that the key factor threatening the survival of women’s college is ________. A the attitude of young women today B the amount of endowments C the policy of a single gender D the demands of modern society 39. “The caretakers are far too vigilant” in the last para. Most probably means ______.

A the students are too optimistic. B the students are too worried. C the teachers are too indifferent.
D the officials are too sensitive. 40. When the old Hood is described as “a slumber party”, the speaker means that students can ______. A have a party of a single gender B lead a colourful life C wear pajamas to class
D wear a college ring 41. What is the attitude of Hood teachers toward the decision to admit men to its residential program? A Positive. B Critical. C Neutral.
D Indifferent. 42. What is the feeling of Hood students when they will see male students on campus?
A Disappointed

B shocked C Mixed
D Sorrowful 43. What worries Hood students most in terms of the school decision? A They won’t have a women-only campus. B They won’t have the intimacy of a small class. C They won’t enjoy school traditions any longer. D They won’t enjoy the privacy of sisterhood. 44. It can be inferred from the essay that the school decision will help ____________. A raise academic standards B enrich school activities C lower college tuition D maintain traditional value 45. It seems that students at Hood tend to use _____ to express their opinion in the interview.

A exaggeration B comparison C ironic tone D bitter words
How Do Internet Search Engines Work?
Javed Mostafa It has been estimated that the amount of textual information accessible via search engines is at least 40 times larger than the digitized content of all the books in the Library of Congress, the world’s largest library. It is a challenge to provide access to such a large volume of information, yet current search engines do remarkably well in sifting through the content and identifying related links to queries. There is a multitude of information providers on the web. These include the commonly known and publicly available sources ---- sometimes referred to as the “hidden web”--- is much larger than the public web in terms of the amount of information they provide. This latter group includes sources such as Lexis-Nexis, Dialog and Ingenta. They remain hidden for various reasons: they may not allow other information providers access to their content; they may require subscription; or they may demand payment for access. This article is concerned with the former group, the publicly available web search services, collectively referred to here as search engines. Search engines employ various techniques to speed up searches. Some of the common techniques are briefly described below. Preprocessed Data One way search engines save time is by preprocessing the content of the web. That is, when a user issues a query, it is not sent to millions of web sites. Instead, the matching takes place against preprocessed data stored in one site. The preprocessing is carried out with the aid of a software program called a crawler. The crawler is sent out periodically by the database maintainers to collect web pages. A specialized computer program analyzes the retrieved pages to extract words. These words are then stored along with the links to the corresponding pages in an index file. Users’ queries are matched against this index file, not against other web sites. Smart Representation

In this technique, the representation for the index is carefully selected with an eye toward minimizing search time. Information scientists have produced an efficient data structure called a tree that can guarantee significantly shorter overall search time compared with searches conducted against a sequential list. To accommodate searches conducted by many users simultaneously and eliminate “wait queues”, the index is usually duplicated on multiple computers in the search site. Prioritizing Results The URLs or links produced as a result of searchers are usually numerous. But due to ambiguities of language (for instance, “window blind” versus “blind ambition”, the resulting links would generally not be equally relevant to a user’s query. To provide quicker access to the most relevant records (and to place them at or near the top, the search formula applies various ranking strategies. A common ranking method known as term-frequency-inverse document-frequency (TFIDF considers the distribution of words and their frequencies and generates numerical weights whereby words signifying their importance in individual documents. It produces word weights whereby words that are highly frequent (such as ‘or’, “to” or ‘with’ and that appear in many documents have substantially less weight than words that are semantically more relevant and appear in relatively few documents. In addition to term weighting, web pages can be weighted using other strategies. For example, link analysis considers the nature of each page in terms of its association with other pages; namely if it is an authority (number of other pages that point to it or a hub (number of pages it points to. This highly successful Google search engine uses link-analysis to improve the ranking of its search results. Context and Distance In order to identify the most relevant links quickly, certain search engines compare query terms to contextual information such as recent queries the users submitted. This technique is sometimes referred to as query catching, and involves collecting the words from recent queries and using these words to disambiguate, refine or expand the current query. Another way certain information providers can speed up the delivery of search results is by using a distributed delivery model, whereby copies of the index and related content are duplicated and moved to multiple geographical locations so as to shorten the network distance between users and content. The content providers work with third-party services to implement distributed content delivery. Limitations There are costs associated with some of the speed –up technique described above. The separation of the organizations conducting the indexing from the organizations that produce the actual content can lead to so-called rotting links, which point to pages that no longer exist. Alternatively, links to new web content could be missing. Both rotting

and missing links may occur due to delays in crawling or re-indexing. Some crawlers retrieve pages blindly, without attention to either the reputation or the authority of information providers. This process encourages manipulation of indexing for malicious purposes. One common phenomenon is called index-spamming. Sites desiring to artificially increase their ranking in search results may place thousands of words in pages using front colors that match the background of the pages. This procedure hides the words from viewers but makes them available to indexes. Finally, by taking advantage of a feature of web server software, information providers can manipulate it to return different pages for the same request made by different hosts. This has lead to page-jacking, whereby a site can copy a competitor’s page, have it indexed by a search engine host as its own, and direct requests from other hosts for the original page to alternative content or sites. (916 words 41. When a user issues a query, _______. A. it’s sent to millions of web sites first. B. the preprocessing is implemented under the help of a software program C. crawler is sent out to collect corresponding pages
D. matching takes place against an index file with words and their corresponding pages 42. Generally, the resulting links would not be perfectly correlated to a user’s query, because of _________. A. the variety of languages B. the vagueness of language C. the complex structure of language
D. the abundance of language 43. According to the strategy of word weighing, which of the following words has comparatively more weight when users issue a query about computer technology? A. Programming B. Medicine C. Between D. Whereas 44. The techniques listed in the passage to speed up searches EXCLUDE_____. A. query catching B. link-analysis C. sequential list D. distributed delivery 45. What can be inferred from the passage about the limitations of the speed-up techniques? A. Rotting and missing links encourage manipulation of indexing for malicious purposes.

B. Rotting and missing links belong to one of the cases of malicious exploitations of indexing. C. Index-spamming is due to the separation of the organizations conducting the indexing.
D. Index-spamming can lead to page-jacking. B. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text and write answers on your ANSWER SHEET. 46. By ___________ with the help of the search engines a user’s query can be efficiently solved. 47. The search engines adopt different _______ to help users get access to the most relevant records more quickly. 48. The function of distributed content delivery is to ensure that a user can speed up______. 49. Besides getting the best and more answers of the current query, query catching can also ____it. 50. Some crawlers collect pages carelessly and neglect the acknowledgement of information givers, which leads to the ______ for malicious purpose. (2 Numbers Are Male, Said Pythagoras, and the Idea Persists Margaret
Wertheim When I was a physics major in the late 1970’s, my very few fellow female students and I had high hopes that women would soon stand equal with men in science. But progress has proved slower than many of us imagined. A report last month by the National Academy of Sciences documents widespread bias against women in science and engineering and recommends a sweeping overhaul of our institutions. While there may indeed be subtle biological differences contributing to the scarcity of women in the top ranks of science, interviews make clear that many female scientists continue to experience both overt and concert discrimination. The academy’s report is welcome, yet there is reason to believe that when it comes to the mathematically intensive science like physics and astronomy, it is not just bureaucracies that stand in the way. Female physicists, astronomers and mathematicians are up against more than 2,000 years of convention that has long portrayed these fields as inherently male. Though

women are no longer barred from university laboratories and scientific societies, the idea that they are innately less suited to mathematical science is deeply rooted in our cultural genes. The problem goes back to the ancient Greeks, particularly to Phthagoras, the philosophical giant who dreamed that became modern physics. Phthagoras almost certainly learned his famous theory about right-angled triangle from the Babylonians, but we owe to him a far greater idea: ”All is number,” he declared, becoming the first person to say that the physical world could be described by the language of mathematics. Though many cultures have developed sophisticated mathematical traditions, including the Chinese, the Arabs and the Indians, the West is the one that came to see the material world as an embodiment of mathematical laws. And from the beginning, the search of such laws was viewed as an innately male activity. Pythagoras introduced numbers into this mix and put them on the male side of the account. In the Pythagorean system, thinking about numbers, or doing mathematics, was an inherently masculine task. Mathematics was associated with the gods and with transcendence from the material world; women, by their nature, were supposedly rooted in this latter, baser realm. At the end of the Middle Ages, Pythagorean interest in a mathematical approach to science began to gain ground, and it is here that we begin to see the seeds of modern physics. “The creation of number was the creation of things,” Thierry of Chartres wrote in the 12th century, when the first universities were found and academic learning was formalized. The universities were founded to educate the clergy, and since women could not be priests they could not attend. Many university departments did not admit women at all until the early 20th century, and physics departments were often among the last to accept students and professors who were women. When the early scientific societies formed in the 17th and 18th centuries, most continued this discrimination against women. Henry Oldenburg, a secretary of the Royal Society in Britain, wrote that the organization’s mission was to “raise a Masculine Philosophy.” Not until 1945 did this fortress of science admit a woman as a full member. Female physicists have continued to confront deep-seated prejudices. Emmy Noether, who discovered that all physical conservation laws were associated with mathematical correspondence symmetries, was a contemporary to Einstein and helped work out some of the math of general relativity. She did so without a formal academic position and mostly without pay.

Lise Meitner, who developed the theory of nuclear fission, was not included when the Noble Prize was given for this work in 1944. The Harvard University physics department did not give tenure to a woman until 1992. Soon, the Swedish Academy will announce the Noble Prizes in science. It will be remarkable if any women are on the list. Marie Curie won a Noble in physics in 1903; the only woman to follow her was Maria Goeppert Mayer in 1963, when she shared the award for her theory about the structure of atomic nuclei, In mathematics women have performed even worse. The Fields Medal, the mathematical equivalent of a Noble, has never gone to a woman. Many women who have gone into science since the 1970’s continue to be stunned at how slow change has been. Gail G. Hanson, distinguished professor of physics at the University of California, and the only woman to have won the W.K.H. Panofsky Prize in experimental particle physics, said: ”At this point there seems to be an acceptance of women in science at relatively junior levels. But once we get to more senior levels, a kind of hostility sets in.”
As a postdoctoral fellow at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Dr. Hanson discovered quark jets, the work for which she would later be awarded the Panofsky Prize. Yet throughout her research career, she has continued to be treated like a junior colleague, not like a leading researcher. Dr. Hanson is the subject of a chapter in a new book tracing the lives and work of 40 outstanding female physicists of the past century. Called “Out of the Shadows” and edited by Nina Byers and Gary Williams, physicists at the University of California, the book recounts the barriers many of these women faced--- and continue to face today. A number of younger female physicists contacted for this article agreed that bias remained real, but they did not want to be quoted on the record. With sadness and anger evident in her voice, Dr. Hanson said:” I thought these kids of things only happened in the 1950’s. It’s appalling that women still confront these hurdles.”
She added:” And when you get prizes, you’re often treated even worse. Men can tolerate a woman in physics as long as she is in a subordinate position, but many cannot tolerate a woman above them.”
The National Academy’s report states that we still have a long way to go. Compared with their male colleagues of similar experience, female scientists and engineers are underpaid, undervalued and underrepresented in the top ranks of science. Given the long history of hostility toward women of a mathematical bent, it was perhaps native to

think we could change our institution in a generation. It is not just bureaucratic will that needs to shift; it is the cultural spirit.
51. Which of the following is true about Phythagoras, the philosophical giant in ancient Greece? A. He declares the creation of number was the creation of things. B. He raises a Masculine Philosophy. C. He introduce numbers. D. He uses mathematics to explore the physical world. 52. The purpose of mentioning Pythagoras in the essay is to illustrate ______. A. the importance of numbers in the world. B. the role of mathematics in science. C. cultural bias against women. D. historical function of men in mathematics 53. The experiences of female physicists mentioned in the passage indicate ______. A. it’s really hard to win the Nobel Prize.

B. women scientists have continued to be confronted with deep-seated discrimination. C. women need to make more efforts in scientific research. D. women scientists play an important role in science. 54. Which of the following statements does the author probably agree with? A. Women are innately less suited to mathematically intensive sciences. B. Female physicists can share the same fame and payment with male physicists very soon. C. Women are seldom in the top ranks of science due to their biological weaknesses. D. It is hard to eliminate the discrimination against women scientist even today. 55. According to the author, ______ will be responsible for the deeply-seated bias against women in science? A. traditional conventions B. biological genes C. bureaucracies
D. institutions

B. Complete the sentences with the information gives in the test and write answers on your ANSWER SHEET. 56. One reason for the belief that women are less adapted to mathematical science can be explained in _______________. 57. The story of Gail G. Hanson shows that men _______________. 58. Mentioning the book “Out of Shadows”, the writer uses two words with the similar meaning one is “barriers”, the other is ___________. 59. Unlike their male counterparts, female scientists are not only poorly-paid, but also _______ and ______ in the leading positions of the scientific world. 60. The meaning of the word “documents” in the first paragraph is ________.
We accept, therefore, as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment; the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few. Under the law of competition, the employer of thousands is forced into the strictest economies. The price which society pays for it is great, but the advantages of this law are no less great --- for it is to this law that we owe our wonderful brings material improved development, which conditions in its train. While the law may be sometimes hard for the individual, it is best

for society, because it insures the survival of the fittest in every department. Hence, every people in turn adapts itself to the law.

如果你总为他人牺牲时间和梦想，那你很难准确发掘自己的真正渴望。你得先把自己放在第一位。扪心自问：如果不受工作、家庭、朋友或其他羁绊，那你现在可能在干什么？请记住：你可以优先考虑自己，因为除你之外，再也没有人会这么对你了。不要因为自私一点而感到不安。这是你的人生，你应该按自己的意愿去生活。要是总为过去的事后悔，那你会很难继续前行。不要沉溺于往事。活在当下，看向未来！


本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/c8122ccfa01614791711cc7931b765ce04087a58.html

《上外自主招生卷-.doc》
将本文的Word文档下载到电脑，方便收藏和打印
推荐度：
点击下载文档

文档为doc格式
相
关
案
例

相关推荐

推荐内容

二年级上册语文看图写话(完整版)- 人教部编版语文四年级上册第八单元课外阅读练习及答案 简单日语自我介绍范文-范本模板- 高考志愿填报你应该看准招生章程7大关键信息- 初中地理中考知识点2022年- 班主任20周工作记录初一 组长绩效考核 上外自主招生卷- 湖南省娄底市2020年中考数学试题(解析版)【精品】.doc- 《彼得 潘》心得
网站内容来自网络，如有侵权请联系我们，立即删除！ Copyright © 范文写作网京ICP备16605803号