新冠疫情高频词汇
一、病毒相关 Virus
新型冠状病毒 novel coronavirus
肺炎 pneumonia
新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎：pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus / novel coronavirus-caused pneumonia
病原体 pathogen
中间宿主 intermediate host
传染源 source of infection
二代病例 secondary infection case * 二代病例：指被一代病例感染的本土病人
隐性感染 asymptomatic infection 隐性感染：指感染了病毒，但无明显症状的病例
潜伏期 incubation /ˌɪŋkjuˈbeɪʃn/ period
二、传播相关Spread
传播途径 route of transmission
飞沫传播 droplet transmission
气溶胶传播 aerosol transmission
接触传播 contact transmission
垂直传播 vertical transmission
人传人 human-to-human transmission
易感人群 susceptible population
密切接触者：close contact
潜伏期 incubation, latent period
粪口传播fecal-oral transmission
疫情 epidemic, outbreak
散发 sporadic case
爆发 outbreak
流行 prevalence
传染 contagion
大流行 pandemic
疫区 affected area
输入性病例 imported case 输入性病例：指来自疫情流行区的病例，也称一代病例
三、病例相关 Case
感染病例 case of infection
疑似病例 suspected case
无症状病例 asymptomatic case
重症病例 severe case
确诊病例 confirmed case
新增病例数 number of new cases
累计病例数 cumulative number of cases
死亡病例数 number of deaths
治愈病例 cured case
病死率 fatality rate
基本再生率 basic reproduction rate
四、症状相关Symptom
咳嗽 to cough
打喷嚏 to sneeze
痰 sputum
吐痰 to spit
吸入 to inhale
呼出 to exhale
污染 contamination
症状 symptom
发热 fever
头痛 headache
乏力 fatigue
干咳 dry cough
鼻塞 stuffy nose
流涕 runny nose
咽痛 sore throat
腹泻 diarrhea
呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing
生物学相关 Biology
呼吸系统 respiratory system
呼吸道 respiratory tract
鼻腔 nasal cavity
口腔 oral cavity
咽 pharynx
喉 larynx
气管 trachea
支气管 bronchi
肺 lung
黏膜 mucosa
肺叶 lobe
发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难：fever, cough and difficulty in breathing
急性呼吸道感染病状：acute /əˈkjuːt / respiratory / rəˈspɪrətri / infection symptom
五、防护设备Equipment
医疗物资：medical supplies
隔离 quarantine
口罩 mask
医用外科口罩 surgical mask
防护服 protective clothing
护目镜 eye shields, goggles
鞋套 shoe covers
手套 gloves
一次性 disposable
穿戴 to wear
祛除 to remove
消毒 disinfection
消毒剂 disinfectant
含氯消毒液 chlorinated disinfectant
酒精 alcohol
喷洒 to spray
洗手液 hand sanitizer, liquid soap
一次性手套：disposable gloves
六、医疗相关 medicine
临床试验 clinical trial
核酸检测 nucleic acid testing
试剂盒 testing kit
疫苗 vaccine
红外体温测量仪 infrared thermometer
体温检测热像仪 thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring
感染者 infected person
护理者 caregiver
接受医学观察：be under medical observation
紧急救治emergency treatment
外科处置surgical treatment
临床检验clinical tests
隔离病房isolation ward
观察室observation ward
盐水saline
防疫prevention and control of the virus
七、机构相关Institution
世界卫生组织 WHO=World Health Organization
卫健委 Health Commission
国际关注的公共卫生突发事件 PHEIC=Public Health Emergency of International Concern
国家卫生健康委员会 National Health Commission (NHC)
应急医院 makeshift hospital
重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应：first-level public health emergency response
定点医院 designated hospitals
发热门诊 fever clinic
重症监护病房 intensive care unit (ICU)
检疫所 quarantine office
药店 pharmacy; drugstore
八、防疫相关Prevention
疫情防控：epidemic prevention and control
遏制疫情蔓延 to contain the outbreak
封城 A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.
延迟开学 to postpone the reopening of schools
延长春节假期 to extend the Chinese New Year holiday
（公共场所）消毒、通风以及体温检测disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)
取消大型集会 to cancel mass gatherings
减少外出 to make fewer trips outside
人口流动 population flow
两周观察期 two-week observation period
新冠肺炎疫情英语作文范文
范文1：
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Leslie给你发邮件询问你在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间是怎么度过。请你根据下列要点写一封邮件回复她。
1. 爆发时间；
2. 怎么度过；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：
疫情 epidemic situation
新冠肺炎 novel coronavirus pneumonia
Dear Leslie，
I’m glad to receive your email. You asked me to share with you what I’m doing in the epidemic situation. Here are my experiences.
Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan in December,2019,I have been staying at home. On the one hand, I pay close attention to the epidemic situation through watching CCTV news or surfing the Internet; on the other hand I insist on studying. Not only do I read classics, but also I have online courses given by my teachers. Besides, I take exercise every day to keep healthy. Faced with the disaster, many people including doctors, nurses and scientists act bravely and spare no effort to fight against it. They are real heroes.
Thank you for your concern. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
范文2：
假定你是李华，你所在的山西国际学校要征集一封英文感谢信，以致意奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。
1. 表达谢意；
2. 个人感受；
3. 表达信心。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。
参考词汇：
流行病epidemic
疫情 epidemic situation
新型冠状病毒 novel corona virus
Dear Medical workers，
I am Li Hua,a high middle school student in Shanxi. I'm writing to express sincere gratitude to you all for your devotion and sacrifice in this battle against the Novel Corona Virus.
In this epidemic, it is you who, despite the lack of equipment and the potential of infection, desperately rescue those infected but striving for life. It is also you who have shed new light on the virus with expertise to build up our confidence to defeat it. It is you who deserve all the admiration and love!
I can never express our thankfulness too much for your selfless contribution. It's widely believed that our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery.
Good luck and stay well!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
范文3：
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Amy来信询问有关新型冠状病毒（novel coronavirus）的情况。请你给Amy回信，内容包括：
1. 新型冠状病毒简况；
2. 应对措施；
3. 是否有信心战胜病毒。
注意：
词数100左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Amy,
It is so considerate of you to receive your letter inquiring about novel cononavirus in wuhan. I am writing to tell you about this.
Since the outbreak of an infectious disease in wuhan in December 2019, the Chinese government has decisively closed down the city to prevent the spread of the disease. At the same time, although cases have been found throughout the country, the Chinese people actively face it, together with wuhan to fight the epidemic.
At this particular time, we should go out as little as possible, isolated. If we go out, we must wear protective masks to prevent ourselves from getting infected. In addition, we should keep good healthy habits and keep our body clean.
As many Chinese say, “come on Wuhan".
Yours,
Li Hua
范文4：
请你根据下面的提示，用英语对钟南山作简单介绍，写一篇150至200词的英语作文。
1.钟南山，1936年10月出生于南京，是21世纪最出名的医学家之一。
2.1953年，就读于广东实验中学；1960年，毕业于北京医学院并留校任教。
3.在首届全国运动会上，钟南山夺得男子400米栏冠军，创造了当时的全国纪录。
4.2003年春，SARS在中国和世界爆发，以钟南山为代表的医护工作者经长期努力,抗击了非典；2004年，钟南山被评为“感动中国2003年度”十大人物之一。
5.他在医学领域工作60多年，是一位受国人尊敬的好医生。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。:
Dr. Zhong Nanshan was born in October 1936 in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. He is one of the famous medical scientists in the 21st century. He studied at Guangdong experimental high school in 1953 and graduated from Beijing Medical College in 1960. In the first Chinese National Games, Zhong Nanshan got the championship of the men's 400m Hurdles and set up a National record at that time.
In the spring of 2003，the SARS epidemic broke out in China and across the globe. Zhong Nanshan not only led but also took an active part in the battle against SARS. At that time no one really knew much about SARS and most people had no natural defenses against the disease.Dangerous as it was,Zhong Nanshan worked hard day and night treating the patients.Through their hard work for several months, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates achieved remarkable result. Soon the SARS epidemic was stopped in its track.
Zhong Nanshan was awarded one of the top ten people moving China in 2004. He has been working in the medical field for over 60 years. He is a good doctor in the countrymen' eyes and respected by all the people in China.
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