高一必修四英语单词

高一必修四英语单词

Module 1 Life in the Future

New words and expressions

1. alternative adj.替换的，供选择的，两者择一的（无比较级和最高级，只能做定语修饰名词，不能做表语） n. 可供选择的事物 alternative to……的替代物，

(1) If this plan is not accepted ,we have an ____________ plan.

(2) Do you have an __________ solution to the problem? 你有别的办法来解决这个问题吗？

(3) That’s the only alternative.没有选择的余地

(4) At the restaurant, the only alternative to chicken was beef.

2. crime罪，罪行

3. for sure肯定地，确定=_________________

be sure of/about sth.(doing sth.) 确信，肯定，对…有把握

be sure to do sth.

be sure that-从句

make sure that…… 确保，保证

(1) I ___________that all the windows were closed.我确保关上了所有的窗户。

(2) He will be here __________ within an hour.他一小时之内肯定到这儿。

（3）I think he lives here but I couldn’t say ______________.

4. prediction n.预测 _____________ v. _____________ adj.可预言的，可预料的

make a prediction = make predictions做出预测

(1) It’s hard to make ______________ about the effect on the environment.

(2) No one can _____________ what will happen in the future.

5. risky adj.危险的，冒险的 __________ n.风险，危险 vt.冒着……的危险

冒险做某事 __________________________

冒着生命危险 ________________________

冒着做某事的危险_______________________

冒着…的危险（介词短语）____________________________

无论冒什么危险，无论如何_________________________

(1) It’s ___________ to drive without looking around.开车不注意看周围是危险的

(2) They knew they risked __________________.他们知道他们冒着被捕的危险。

（3）He risked (losing) his own life to save the child.

→ He save the child _____________________(losing) his own life.

6. resource n.（常用复数）资源 source n.来源，源头，发源地

(1) We must make the most of natural _____________.

(2) Bad food is a ___________ of illness.变质食物是疾病之源

7. sth. run out(vi) 某物用完，不多了，没有了 ① My money is_________________.

sb. run out of sth. 某人用完某物 ② I’m ____________________ money.

sb. use up sth 用完某物 ③ He has ___________________all his energy.

sth. give out (vi) 某物用完 ④ All his energy has _____________________.

8. material 材料 ____________/____________/____________ materials

9. 依靠，信赖某人/某物________________________

指望某人做某事，信任某人做某事 _____________________________

相信，指望,放心……rely on _______ that-从句

(1) You can rely on him.

(2) you can’t just rely on your parents to support you.

(3) Nowadays we can rely on the Internet to get the information we need.

(4) You can （放心） ______________________ he will come to meet you.

→（联想）_____________________ 视情况而定______________________

10. solar adj.太阳的 ______________太阳能 ________________太阳系

11. urban都市的，城市的 __________ problems城市问题

I don’t enjoy urban life.

12. get rid of去掉，处理掉，摆脱

(1) We should get rid of bad habits.

(2) 如何清除垃圾是个大问题。_____________________________________________________.

13. load vt. 装，装载 n.负担，负荷 a load of=loads of = lots of很多

load sth onto/into sth把…装到…里面 load sth with sth 使…负载…

(1) We are loading a lorry __________ bricks.我们正装一货车砖

(2) I loaded the film ____________ the camera.我把胶卷装到相机里。

(3) He climbed the hill with a heavy load on his shoulders.他背着重物登山

(4) The truck _________ bricks had an accident last night.

A. loading with B. being loaded with C. loaded with D. loaded onto

14. landfill n.垃圾填满地

15. arrest (vt/n) 逮捕，扣留，吸引，阻止

_________________________被拘留，被捕

_________________________因……而逮捕某人

(1) The police said,“You are under arrest”.

(2) 他因醉驾而被拘留。__________________________________________________.

(3) The beauty of the place arrests our attention.

16.fire at sb. 向某人开火

fire sb.解雇某人

(1) The company fired him for his not coming to work on time.（ ）

(2) They fired at the enemy. （ ）

(3) The engine won’t fire. （ ）

17. limit n.极限，范围，界限 vt.限制，限定 _________ adj.有限的 __________无限制的

_____________________ = _____________________对……加以限制

_____________________把某物限制定在……范围内

_____________________局限于

(1) Please ___________ your speech _________ three minutes.

(2) Children’s play has been limited _______ the yard.孩子们的玩耍仅限于院子里

(3) You should (对……加以限制)_____________________ the time you spend surfing the

Internet.

(4) His knowledge of history is rather ______________.

18. outdoors adv.户外 indoors adv.室内 outdoor adj. indoor adj. 户外活动____________

Children usually prefer playing outdoors.儿童通常喜欢在户外玩耍

19. online adv.联系地 adj.在上线的 20. catalogue目录

21. command n.v命令，指令，指挥 commander n.指挥官，司令

command that sb.(should) do sth.

command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事

sth be in/under the command of sb. 由某人统率

sb be in command of sth 指挥，统率

have a good command of对……运用自如 /精通→_____________________________

(1) Who is (统率)_______________________ the army?

(2) She (精通)__________________________ French.

(3) He commanded me to start working at once.

→ He commanded that ________________________ working at once.

22. recreation娱乐，消谴→________________

He goes fishing for _______________.他钓鱼取乐

23.bowling保龄球游戏 24. softball垒球（运动）

25.charge n.费用，价钱，负责，管理 v.收费 ，要价；指控，控告

free of charge免费 = for free免费

sb be in charge of sth 负责，掌管

sth be in the charge of sb 由……负责，在……掌管下

sb take charge of sth 负责，掌管，控制

charge sb. some money for sth. 因……向某人收费

charge sb. with sth.因…而指控某人

charge electricity充电

(1)These books are ___________________(免费的).

(2) They ____________ me 100 yuan _________ cleaning the house.

(3) He is in charge of the company. → The company is ____________________him.

(4) The man _______________________________________(因谋杀而受到指控).

26. power n.能力，权力，电力 v供给动力

(1) The train is powered by electricity.这列火车由电提供动力

(2) The work is beyond his power.

27. flick n.轻打，轻弹

You can turn off all the lights_______________________________(轻轻一按开关)。

28. switch on（把电灯等）打开=__________ switch off（把电灯等）关上，关掉=___________

switch on the radio/TV/light→switch off the radio/TV/light

switch to转换，改变

(1) Wait until the lights have switched to green.

(2)离开时请关灯。______________________________________________________________.

29. surgery外科手术 → 外科医生______________

30. telesurgery n.运距离手术 telephone电话 telescope望远镜 telegraph 电报

31. outpatient n.门诊病人

32. clinic n.诊所 He is being treated at a private clinic.

33. disability n残疾，失去能力，伤残 → adj残疾的______________

(1) His disability prevents him from doing the job.

(2) She swims well despite her disabilites.

34. attach. vt.系，贴，连接

attach sth.to sth.把……固定/附在……上 → be attached to附属于，依恋……

(1)Please(贴上) ____________ a label _________ each piece of luggage.

(2) Nowadays people attach much importance to education.如今人们十分________教育。

(3) This is a middle school ___________ to a university.这是一所大学的附属中学

35. spaceport宇航基地

36. use up (vt).用完，耗尽 sb run out of sth. sth run out.(vi)

give out (vi)用完，耗尽，筋疲力尽 (vt)分发,发出

Don’t use up all the hot water.

37. look out (for sth./sb)小心，当心 watch out (for sth.) take care! be careful.

(1) Look out! There’s some glass on the ground.

(2) 当心危险！_______________________________________！

38. optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的 optimism乐观，乐观主义 optimist乐观主义者

be optimistic about对……乐观

(1) We should have an optimistic attitude ___________ life.

(2) She (对……乐观)______________________________ her future.

39. dishwasher n.洗碗碟机

It’s convenient to wash bowls with a dishwasher.

40. definitely adv.无疑地，确定地 → ________________ adj.肯定的，确定的

(1) I ______________ remember posting the letter.

(2) It’s _______________ that he is wrong.

41. eventually adv.最后，终于 → _______________/______________

He worked very hard and eventually succeeded.

42. for a start首先，第一

=to start/begin with首先，第一

at the very start=at the very beginning一开始

(1) He can’t get the job. For a start, he hasn’t had enough experience.

(2) We’ll learn a lot—for a start, let’s read the new words.

43. on the way out即将被淘汰，即将过时

on the/one’s way to by the way

in the way in a/one way

(1) Some old furniture is on the way out.

(2) This type of dress is definitely on the way out.

44. colony殖民地

45. shape n.形状 v.做成……形状，塑造，决定…的形成

in shape处于良好状态，健康 out of shape变形，走样，不健康

in the shape of呈……的形状，以……形式

take shape成形，有了模样

(1) There are clouds of different _______________ (形状)in the sky.

(2) 身体不好就要锻炼。______________________________________________________.

(3) He shaped the clay into a vase. ( )

(4) His ideas were shaped by his early experiences. ( )

46. pad(动物)脚

47. doormat门前擦鞋垫

Under the doormat lay a bunch of keys.

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