![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=553.33&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_0","w":"553.33","h":"104.00","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image1.gif"})
本讲所有实验详见视频
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=212.8&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","w":"212.8","h":"25.6","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image2.jpeg","imgOriW":212,"imgOriH":26})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=217.33&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","w":"217.33","h":"49.33","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image3.gif"})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=153.6&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","w":"153.6","h":"54.4","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image5.jpeg","imgOriW":153,"imgOriH":55})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=358.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_3","w":"358.00","h":"142.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image6.png","imgOriW":358,"imgOriH":142})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=411.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_3","w":"411.00","h":"124.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image7.png","imgOriW":411,"imgOriH":124})
浸在液体中的物体为什么会受到向上的浮力呢？
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=288.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_4","w":"288.00","h":"136.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image8.png","imgOriW":288,"imgOriH":136})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=264.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_6","w":"264.00","h":"41.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image9.png","imgOriW":264,"imgOriH":40})
【例题】
如图所示：A、B是能够自由移动的物体，C、D是用蜡紧沾在容器上的物体。向容器内到入一些水，情况如图所示。则下列说法错误的是：( )
A．物体A一定受到浮力的作用； B．物体B一定受到浮力的作用；
C．物体C一定受到浮力的作用； D．物体D一定受到浮力的作用；
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=156.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_14","w":"156.00","h":"97.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image10.png","imgOriW":156,"imgOriH":97})
当水位上升时，下图中桥墩有受浮力如何变化？
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=163.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"163.00","h":"102.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image11.png","imgOriW":218,"imgOriH":137})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=235.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"235.00","h":"120.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image12.png","imgOriW":235,"imgOriH":120})
浮力的大小与哪些因素有关呢？
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=455.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"455.00","h":"99.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image13.png","imgOriW":491,"imgOriH":206})
从洗澡的故事说起:
关于阿基米德，流传着这样一段有趣的故事。相传叙拉古赫农王让工匠替他做了一顶纯金的王冠，做好后，国王疑心工匠在金冠中掺了假，但这顶金冠确与当初交给金匠的纯金一样重，到底工匠有没有捣鬼呢？既想检验真假，又不能破坏王冠，这个问题不仅难倒了国王，也使诸大臣们面面相觑。
后来，国王请阿基米德来检验。最初，阿基米德也是冥思苦想而不得要领。一天，他去澡堂洗澡，当他坐进澡盆里时，看到水往外溢，同时感到身体被轻轻拖起。他突然悟到可以用测定固体在水中排水量的办法，来确定金冠的比重。他兴奋地跳出澡盆，连衣服都顾不得跑了出去，大声喊着“尤里卡！尤里卡！”。(Fureka，意思是“我知道了”)。
他经过了进一步的实验以后来到王宫，他把王冠和同等重量的纯金放在盛满水的两个盆里，比较两盆溢出来的水，发现放王冠的盆里溢出来的水比另一盆多。这就说明王冠的体积比相同重量的纯金的体积大，所以证明了王冠里掺进了其他金属。
这次试验的意义远远大过查出金匠欺骗国王，阿基米德从中发现了浮力定律：物体在液体中所获得的浮力，等于他所排出液体的重量。一直到现代，人们还在利用这个原理计算物体比重和测定船舶载重量等。
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=285.33&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","w":"285.33","h":"49.33","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image14.gif"})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=431.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"431.00","h":"48.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image16.png","imgOriW":431,"imgOriH":106})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=502.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"502.00","h":"168.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image17.png","imgOriW":502,"imgOriH":168})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=275.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"275.00","h":"127.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image18.png","imgOriW":275,"imgOriH":127})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=327.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"327.00","h":"134.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image19.png","imgOriW":327,"imgOriH":134})
四、浮力知识应用：
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=481.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"481.00","h":"101.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image20.png","imgOriW":481,"imgOriH":188})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=481.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"481.00","h":"93.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image21.png","imgOriW":481,"imgOriH":92})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=508.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_10","w":"508.00","h":"85.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image22.png","imgOriW":508,"imgOriH":85})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=162.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"162.00","h":"154.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image23.png","imgOriW":162,"imgOriH":154})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=216.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","w":"216.00","h":"49.33","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image24.gif"})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=249.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"249.00","h":"57.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image25.png","imgOriW":249,"imgOriH":98})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=208.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"208.00","h":"151.00","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image26.jpeg","imgOriW":208,"imgOriH":151})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=449.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"449.00","h":"251.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image27.png","imgOriW":481,"imgOriH":268})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=510.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"510.00","h":"138.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image28.png","imgOriW":510,"imgOriH":138})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=216.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","w":"216.00","h":"49.33","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image29.gif"})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=171.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"171.00","h":"24.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image31.png","imgOriW":196,"imgOriH":63})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=216.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","w":"216.00","h":"49.33","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image32.gif"})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=311.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"311.00","h":"60.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image34.png","imgOriW":358,"imgOriH":113})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=218.00&md5sum=4bf37d1fffd3ab28da0264f417416d42&sign=61df702ebe&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=4&l=webapp&bucketNum=39&ipr={"t":"img","r":"r_2","w":"218.00","h":"100.00","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image35.png","imgOriW":250,"imgOriH":114})
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