With the possible exception of the Beatles, no other band has become so successful so quickly.
∙ 可能除了披头士乐队这个例外,还没有哪个乐队如此转瞬走红的。
并列句中连接词语的功能 |
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2006-03-01 18:54:21 |
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??英语中,包含两个或两个以上互不依从的主谓结构的句子称为并列句,各个相互独立的主谓结构叫作分句,多数情况下并列句中的分句由并列连接词来连接。并列句的分句之间关系密切,而并列连接词是分句之间关系的纽带,它们起着承上启下的作用,显示了分句之间逻辑关系,指示了说话人思维的走向。因此,正确理解和掌握连接词语是我们能否正确理解话语篇章意义的关键。表示并列关系的词语除了并列连词(如:and,but,or,so,for等),还有并列词组(如:in addition,as a result等)和连接性副词(如:however,moreover,otherwise等),这里统称为连接词语。根据连接词语的语义功能,可将其分类如下: 1.表示补充、添加关系的连接词 这类连接词表示后面分句的句意是对前面分句句意的补充,说的是同类事情。常用的有:and,in addition,besides,moreover,furthermore,likewise,in the same way, what’s more等。例如: Irene did not answer,and James, too,ceased speaking. 艾琳没有回答,詹姆斯也不再说话。(说的都是"保持沉默") Bicycling is good exercise,moreover,it doesn’t pollute the air. 骑自行车是项很好的运动,而且又不污染空气。(说的都是骑自行车的优点) A flood will break a dam;likewise,the oppressed people everywhere will overthrow their oppressors in the end. 洪水会冲毁大坝,同样,任何地方的被压迫人民也会推翻他们的压迫者。(说的是同一道理) 2.表示转折关系的连接词 这类连接词表示后面分句在意义上与前面的分句发生了转折,说的是不同情况或不同的观点。常见的有:but,however,nevertheless,instead,on the contrary,on the otherhand,yet,by contrast,whereas等。例如: The situation looked desperate,but they didn’t give up hope. 形势看来非常危急,但他们没有放弃希望。 It’s too wet to go for a walk;let’s go swimming instead. 天气潮湿,不宜去散步,我们改去游泳吧。 There was no news;nevertheless,she went on hoping. 尽管没有消息,她仍抱着希望。 3.表示因果关系的连接词 这类连接词表示后面分句所述事件是前面分句所述情况的原因或结果。表示结果的有:so,therefore,thus,as a result,for this reason,accordingly,consequently,hence;表示原因的有:for。例如: Few people showed interest in his story so he had to leave off. 没有几个人对他的故事感兴趣,所以他不得不停下来。 My mother is living by herself;hence I must go home now. 我母亲就一个人在家,所以我现在必须回家。 We believe that he will succeed,for he has both talent and will. 我们相信他会成功,因为他既有才干,又有意志。 4.表示时序关系的连接词 这类连接词表示行为、事件的时间顺序。常见有的: first,meanwhile,next,then, subsequently(后来)等。例如: First,you heat the fat; next,you add the onions. 首先你把油烧热,然后加洋葱。 Jack ran for a doctor; meanwhile we stayed with the patient. 杰克跑去叫医生,与此同时,我们守在病人身边。 5.表示条件的连接词 这类连接词表示含蓄条件。常见的有:or,otherwise。例如: He can’t be ill,or he wouldn’t have come. 他不可能生病了,否则他是不会来的。 You’d better go now,otherwise you’ll miss your train.你最好现在就走,要不然你就赶不上火车了。 在连接词的使用中还应注意标点符号的使用以及连接性副词的位置。一般来说,并列连词要置于第二个分句之前,前面多用逗号与第一个分句隔开。连接性副词和词组的位置比较灵活: 1)置于第二个分句之前,前面多用逗号与第一个分句隔开,后面常用逗号与第二个分句隔开; 2)置于第二个分句中时,两个分句间多用分号隔开,有时在连接词前后都用逗号; 3)置于第二个分句句尾时,两个分句间多用分号,连接词前面用逗号。例如: She asked me to go there,so I went. 她让我去,所以我就去了。 The composition is all right;however, there is room for improvement. 这篇作文还不错,不过还可以修改修改。 He had gone;she therefore gave the money to me. 他已走了,因此她把钱给我了。 His parents died when he was a child; he,as a result,was sent to an orphanage. 他小的时候父母双亡,因此被送进了孤儿院。 He said he was sure to succeed;he failed, however. 他说他肯定成功,但是他失败了。 |
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however的用法
一般情况however都是和but区别使用的。
辨析 however和 but
二者都意为“可是,但是”;
but是并列名词,连接两个并列分句,上下二句在总的意义上构成了对比。
I really don't like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪,但是这次我要尝一点。
however不能直接连接两个分句,必须另起新句,并用逗号隔开。
It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy. 雨下得很大,不过我们还是出去寻找那个孩子
1.however比but用的场合更正式,so however用于书面语,而but 常用于口语.
2.however后有"," 而but 没有
3.另外,however的意思还不只局限于"但是;然而"
肯定式为as...as,否定式为not so...as...,用于书面语和正式文体;not as...as...,用于口语和非正式文体。对于一般学习者可以不加区分。第一个是:不是像什么一样的 。做个比较第二个是:不是像什么那样的。描述一个事物物。
表示三者或三者以上的比较用最高级,意为“最……”,句型中经常带有表示比较范围介词短语in…或
of… 结构:主语+V.+the+adj.最高级+比 较的范围
because of后加东西,比如说
I am late because of the broken car。
because后不能直接加东西,要加句子,比如说I am late because the car is broken。
because后面接句子;because of后面接非句子,即短语或者非谓语。
如:1.I did not answer the telephone at that time,because I was washing my clothes then.(去掉because,后半部分仍然是个句子)
2.I did not see you because of his arrival.(去掉because of,后半部分不是句子)
1. 用作形容词
(1) 表示与职务、身份、场合是否相称,用词组 be fit for
The book is fit for children.
She is not fit for the job.
(2) “恰当的,得体的,健康的”的意思。如:
The room is a fit place for study.
He keeps himself fit by running 5 miles every day.
2. 用作动词
(1) 表示衣服鞋袜等是否合身要用动词。如:
His coat fits beautifully.
This suit doesn’t fit me well. Have you got a larger size?
(2) 还可作“配合,安装,安置”讲。如:
The key doesn’t fit the lock.
A man came and fitted the telephone for her.
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