山东省聊城市2018年初中学业水平考试
英 语
选择题（三大题，共计80分）
一、听力测试（共30小题；每小题1分，满分30分，略）
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A boy and a girl were playing together. The boy had a lot of small glass 31 . The girl had some candies with her. The boy told the girl that he would 32 her all his balls in exchange for(交换) her candies. The girl thought that was a good 33 .
But the boy didn’t give 34 of his balls to the girl. He kept the biggest and the 35 ball in his pocket and gave the others to the girl. 36 the girl gave him all her candies.
That night, the girl had a 37 sleep, but the boy didn’t sleep well. He kept thinking whether the girl had 38 some candies from him.
You think in the way you do things. If you don’t give your hundred percent(百分之百) in a relationship, you’ll 39 keep thinking if the other person has given his or her hundred percent. This is true for any relationship.
Give your hundred percent to everything you do and you’ll find that you can always 40 a lot of happiness.
31.A. balls B. cups C. bottles
32.A. lend B. buy C. give
33.A. answer B. idea C. reason
34.A. all B. most C. some
35.A. ugliest B. cheapest C. prettiest
36. A. But B. So C. Or
37. A. bad B. good C. light
38. A. borrowed B. stolen C. hidden
39. A. always B. never C. seldom
40. A. lose B. get C. want
三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错。选Right涂A，选Wrong涂B。
Most people agree that trees look nice, but not everyone knows that trees can also help cities save money. A few years ago, the US Forest Service studied trees in Chicago. They found that just one tree can save a city hundreds of dollars over its lifetime.
Trees can save money by helping people save energy(能源). Trees stop the summer sun shining on buildings. They also block(挡住) the winter wind. That helps people use less energy to make their homes or offices warm or cool. Saving energy is saving money.
Trees have another way to help a city save money. When it rains, there will be a lot of water in a city’s sewers(下水道). Cities need lots of money to clean that water. But before the rainwater gets to the dirty sewers, trees can take some into themselves. With the help of trees, there is less water to clean.
41. Everyone knows that trees can help cities save money.
A. Right. B. Wrong.
42. One tree can save a city hundreds of dollars in one day.
A. Right. B. Wrong.
43. Trees can help people save energy.
A. Right. B. Wrong.
44. Trees can take all the rainwater into themselves.
A. Right. B. Wrong.
45. With the help of trees, cities need less money to clean the rainwater.
A. Right. B. Wrong.
第二节 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能回答所提问题或能完成所给句子的最佳选项。
A
I love to go biking! Two years ago I bought an exercise bike(健身脚踏车). But soon I got bored with being at home, so I bought a used bike and started going for short rides. Now I plan day trips in my neighborhood(街区). When you drive a car, you miss many things. It’s surprising how much more you can see when you’re biking.
—Sam
My favorite thing to do at weekends is to go to the beach. The beach is beautiful all through the year. I usually drive there. If the weather is cold, I wear some warm clothes and go for long walks on the beach. When the weather is hot. I enjoy swimming or just lying in the sun.
—Barbara
At weekends I like to read books. If the weather is nice, I’ll take a good book to the park and stay there reading for hours. I think there’s nothing as delightful as reading a good book.
—Bill
Weekends are for going hiking(徒步旅行) with my parents. We live near some beautiful mountains. Sometimes we camp out at night. We really enjoy cooking dinner over a campfire and spending a night under the stars!
—Grace
46. Now Sam plans to ________.
A. drive a car B. go for short rides
C. ride his exercise bike D. go biking in his neighborhood
47. Barbara ________ if the weather is cold.
A. drives on the beach B. walks on the beach
C. swims in the sea D. lies in the sun
48. The underlined(画线的) word “delightful” in what Bill says probably means ________ in Chinese.
A.有光线的 B.轻如羽毛的 C.令人愉快的 D.浅色调的
49. Which of the following is TRUE about Grace?
A. She goes hiking alone at weekends.
B. She doesn’t like cooking over a campfire.
C. She and her parents sometimes camp out.
D. She and her parents live in the mountains.
50. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Favorites. B. Suggestions. C. Shopping. D. Nature.
B
Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the center of Europe. It’s the capital city of Austria and the center of European classical music. In the 18th century a lot of musicians came to study and work in Vienna.
In the Strauss family, there were two composers called Johann Strauss: the father and the son. The father, Johann Strauss the elder, wrote and played music for traditional dances, called the waltz. His dance music made him famous all over Europe. The son, Johann Strauss the younger, was also very successful and popular. He wrote over 150 waltzes. In 1867 he wrote The Blue Danube waltz.
Mozart was another very important composer. He was born in Austria in 1756. Before he was six, he played not only the piano but also the violin. His family took him around Europe and he gave concerts in many cities. He wrote hundreds of wonderful pieces of music. But he became very poor and died in 1791 when he was only 35. Like Johann Strauss, father and son, he was a great European musician, and many people still think his music is perfect.
51. From Paragraph 1(第1段) we know that Vienna is ________.
A. a beautiful new city B. on the River Danube
C. in the center of Austria D. the center of European pop music
52. How many important composers are mentioned in the passage?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
53. Johann Strauss the elder was famous for ________.
A. the dance music
B. his son
C. The Blue Danube
D. the concerts
54. It can be inferred(推断) from the passage that Mozart was ________.
A. stupid and lazy
B. clever but lazy
D. clever and hard-working
55. This passage can be found most probably in the part of ________ in a newspaper.
A. News B. Recreation(娱乐) C. Ad(广告) D. Sport
C
During my high school and college years, I worked with my family at night. But I always avoided the kitchen. I couldn’t wait to graduate(毕业) so that I could move away from the family business. Several days before my graduation day, my father and I started looking at new cars. Finally, we found the right car. I was sure that my father would give it to me as my graduation gift.
On my graduation day, my father gave me a book as a gift. It was his old cookbook. I was so angry that I gave it back to him and ran out of the house. Several days later I moved away and started my business. Although I often saw my father during holidays, we never talked about the graduation gift. Then one day, I got a call that my father was ill. I went to see him because I was very worried.
That night, I looked through my father’s books and saw the cookbook that he had given me years before. I carefully opened the cookbook and went through it. Then I found something that made me cry. It was a check(支票) for$ 30,000 dated(注有日期) the day of my graduation. And the price of the car my father and I chose all those years ago was $ 30,000.
56. From Paragraph 1 we know that the writer’s father ________.
A. was a common cook B. had a lot of free time
C. wanted the writer to be a cook D. often played foot ball with the writer
57. The writer couldn't wait to graduate because he wanted to ________.
A. leave the family business B. manage the family’s restaurant
C. have enough time to find a good car D. get a graduation gift as soon as possible
58. The writer ________ on his graduation day.
A. accepted his father’s gift B. moved away from home
C. was very angry with his father D. was very worried about his father
59. The last paragraph shows that the writer __________.
A. decided to cook with his father
B. hated his father giving him so little money
C. regretted he didn’t look after his father well
D. realized his father’s deep love for him at last
60. What would be the best title(题目) for the passage?
A. A Cookbook B. A Football Fan C. My School Days D. My Business
非选择题（三大题，共计40分）
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。
Many children love animals. And Willow Phelps is one of 61 (they). In fact, this American little girl not only loves animals, but she also has done really a lot for them. And 62 (连词) she did these kind things, she won the 2016 ASPCA(美国防止虐待动物协会) Kid of the Year.
Willow’s 63 (love) for animals started early. When she was about 3 years old, her family took in 64 (冠词) 18-year-old cat. Under the care of Willow, the cat lived for another 3 years. After that, many old pets arrived at Willow’s home. So, Willow began to make plans to help more 65 (animal).
With her mom’s help, Willow began running, swimming and even sewing(缝制) toys to 66 (raise) money for animals in need of help. In her young life, she has 67 (successful) completed the three projects. Finally, she raised $ 11,000. She also succeeded in 68 (stop) the use of live goldfish as prizes at her school party. And what she did for goldfish was 69 (notice) and rewarded(奖励) by the ASPCA.
“I will continue to speak up for animals no matter how hard it is,” said Willow. Willow dreams of becoming an animal doctor 70 (介词)the future. Let’s hope this little girl’s dream will come true.
五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成后面各项任务。
Who’s Working While You’re Asleep?
Police officers
Some police officers answer calls every night at the station. Others go around the town and city on foot or in cars.因为他们辛勤工作，你才能安然入睡。
Firefighters(消防队员)
Even at night, firefighters are ready to help. Whenever they get a call, they will go at once to fight fires and help people.
Doctors
If you get sick or hurt at night, doctors can take care of you at the hospital. The doctor will examine(检查) you, give you medicine and even do an operation(手术) on you.
Bakers(糕饼师傅)
You may never think that bakers often start the day while you are still asleep. They prepare all the things they need for the day and then start working. Bakers want their bread and cakes to be fresh and delicious every day.
In fact, many other people work at night. Let’s thank them for everything they do for us.
71.将文中画线的汉语句子译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
72.将文中画线的英语句子译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
73.回答问题：
How many kinds of things can the doctor do at night?
________________________________________________________________________
74.回答问题：
What do bakers prepare before they start working?
________________________________________________________________________
75.从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的句子。
It’s true that a lot of people as well as these people work at night.
________________________________________________________________________
六、书面表达（满分20分）
假如你要竞选你班的体育委员，请你用英语进行竞选演讲。演讲的主要内容包括：
1.自己喜欢体育，身体健康；
2.擅长球类运动，尤其是足球和篮球；
3.可以传授运动技巧，助大家比赛取得最佳成绩。
注意：
1.词数：80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.演讲内容中不得出现真实的学校和个人名字；
4.演讲的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
I want to be the PE monitor._______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
山东省聊城市2018年初中学业水平考试
英语答案解析
二、完形填空
31.【答案】A
【解析】由下文中的all his balls可知选A，本句句意为“这个小男孩有很多玻璃球”。
32.【答案】C
【解析】lend意为“借”；buy意为“买”；give意为“给”。句意：小男孩告诉小女孩他想用自己的全部玻璃球来交换小女孩的糖果。所以C选项符合题意。
33.【答案】B
【解祈】句意：小女孩认为这是个好主意。故选B。
34.【答案】A
【解析】由下句句意可知小男孩把最大且最好看的玻璃球留在了兜里，其余的都给了小女孩，因此本句句意为“但是小男孩并没有把所有的玻璃球都给小女孩”。故选A。
35.【答案】C
【解析】ugliest意为“最丑陋的”；cheapest意为“最廉价的”；prettiest意为“最好看的”。根据前面的biggest可知小男孩应该是把最大且最好看的玻璃球留下来了，故选C。
36.【答案】A
【解析】结合上文可知此处表示转折意思，所以A项正确。
37.【答案】B
【解析】由后半句中的but和didn’t sleep well可知空处表达的意思与后半句相反，意为“睡得很香”，故选B。
38.【答案】C
【解析】句意：他一直在想小女孩是否也藏了糖果。故C正确。
39.【答案】A
【解析】句意：如果你在一段关系中没有百分之百地付出，你也总会一直担心另外一个人是否也在全心全意地付出。always意为“总是”；never意为“从不”；seldom意为“很少”。所以A正确。
40.【答案】B
【解析】句意：对你做的每件事都全身心地付出，那么你会发现你总是能得到很多快乐。故B正确。
三、阅读理解
第一节
41.【答案】B
【解析】根据第一段第一句“…but not everyone knows that trees can also help cities save money.”可知不是所有人都知道树可以帮助城市节省资金。故选B。
42.【答案】B
【解析】根据第一段最后一句“They found that just one tree can save a city hundreds of dollars over its lifetime.”可知一棵树并不是一天能为城市节省成百上千美元，而是一生。故选B。
43.【答案】A
【解析】根据第二段第一句 “Trees can save money by helping people save energy.”可知本题正确，故选A。
44.【答案】B
【解析】根据最后一段倒数第二句“…trees can take some into themselves.”可知题干中的all表述错误，故选B。
45.【答案】A
【解析】根据第三段第三句“Cities need lots of money to clean the water.”和最后一句“With the help of trees, there is less water to clean.”可知城市本来需要很多钱来处理过多的降水，而树可以减少需要清理的水，从而可以帮助人们节省花费，故选A。
第二节
46.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由第一段第四句“Now I plan day trips in my neighborhood.”可知.Sam现在想在街区骑自行车。故D正确。
47.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“If the weather is cold, I wear some warm clothes and go for long walks on the beach.”可知当天气较冷时，Barbara通常穿着暖和的衣服在沙滩上长时间散步，所以选B。
48.【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据前文内容可知Bill喜欢读书，当天气很好的时候，他通常会带本书去公园阅读，因此读书是令人愉快的，故选C。
49.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“…with my parents.”可知Grace并不是一个人去徒步旅行，所以A错误；根据最后一段最后一句“We really enjoy cooking dinner over a campfire…”可知Grace和家人非常享受在篝火上做饭，所以B错误；根据最后一段第三句“Sometimes we camp out at night.”可知C正确；根据最后一段第二句“We live near some beautiful mountains.”可知Grace和家人住在几座风景优美的山附近，而不是住在山里，所以D错误。
50.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。favorites意为“爱好，最喜欢的事或物”；suggestions意为“建议”；shopping意为“购物”；nature意为“自然”。本文中的四位主人公讲的都是自己的爱好，故选A。
51.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the center of Europe.”可知A和C错误，B正确；根据第一段第二句“…the center of European classical music.”可知D错误。
52.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段可知本文共有Johann Strauss the elder, Johann Strauss the younger, Mozart三位作曲家被提到，所以C正确。
53.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“His dance music made him famous all over Europe.”可知选A。
54.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Before he was six, he played not only the piano but also the violin.”和第五句“He wrote hundreds of wonderful Pieces of music.”可知他是聪明且勤奋的，所以选D。
55.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。文中主要介绍维也纳的历史和曾经的著名作曲家，不属于新闻，也不是广告，更不是体育方面的内容，所以应选择B，即在报纸的娱乐版面可以看见这篇文章。
56.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据原文第一段第三句“My father was a fantastic cook.”可知作者的父亲是一名出色的厨师，而不是普通的厨师；根据原文第一段第五句“…my father was always busy.”可知作者的父亲一直很忙，并没有太多空余时间；根据第一段第四句“He wanted me…to cook with him…”可知作者的父亲希望他也成为一名厨师；根据第一段最后一句“He never had time to play football with me.”可知他从来没有时间和作者一起踢足球。故选C。
57.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“I couldn’t wait to graduate so that I could move away from the family business.”可知作者想赶紧毕业，然后远离家中的生意，故选A。
58.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句至第三句“On my graduation day…I was so angry that I gave it back to him and ran out of the house.”知C正确。
59.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。最后一段讲述了作者在父亲当初送自己的书里发现了一张支票，支票上的钱就是他想要的那辆车的价格，至此他才明白父亲的用心和对自己的爱，所以选D。
60.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。通读原文可知，最初作者不想跟父亲做厨师而是想要赶紧毕业后离开家，之后作者毕业时父亲送他一本菜谱，他生气地从家中搬出，最后父亲生病时作者才发现藏在菜谱中的支票。全文都在围绕菜谱来阐述主题，故选A。
四、语法填空
61.【答案】them
【解析】one of后面接人称代词时，代词要用宾格形式，故填them。
62.【答案】because/ since/ as
【解析】根据后面的句意：她做了许多善举，她获得“2016年美国防止虐待动物协会年度儿童”的称号。前后两句为因果关系，故填because/ since/ as。
63.【答案】love
【解析】由前文的Willow’s可知此处应该填名词，love为不可数名词，故填原形。
64.【答案】an
【解析】eighteen是以元音音素开头的单词，且此处表泛指。本句句意为“当她大约三岁的时候，她的家人领回来一只十八岁的猫”，故此处填an。
65.【答案】animals
【解析】more后接可数名词的复数形式，故填animals。
66.【答案】raise
【解析】此处用动词不定式表目的，故to的后面接动词原形。
67.【答案】successfully
【解析】由has和completed可知此处需要用副词来修饰，故填successfully。
68.【答案】stopping
【解析】succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”，故填stopping。
69.【答案】noticed
【解析】句意：她为金鱼所做的事情受到了美国防止虐待动物协会的关注和奖励。主语和动词之间为被动关系，且从后面的rewarded也可知此处应填notice的被动语态
70.【答案】in
【解析】固定搭配in the future意为“在将来”。
五、阅读表达
71.【答案】Because of their hard work/ Because they work hard, you can sleep safely.
72.【答案】无论何时接到电话，他们都会立即去灭火救人。
73.【答案】Three./ 3.
【解析】根据原文第三段中的“The doctor will examine you, give you medicine and even do an operation on you.”可知医生在晚上能做三件事。
74.【答案】They (Bakers) prepare all the things they need for the day./ All the things they need for the day.
【解析】根据原文第四段中的“They prepare all the things they need for the day and then start working.”可知答案。
75.【答案】In fact, many other people work at night.
【解析】题干中句子的句意：的确，许多人和这些人一样在晚上工作。这与文章最后一段中的“In fact, many other people work at night.”意思相同。
六、书面表达
【答案】
One possible version:
I want to be the PE monitor. I enjoy sport, and I can run very fast. I’m really fit and healthy. Just watch me in the playground between lessons! I play most ball games well. But I’m really good at football, and I play basketball in the school team. Because I have a lot of good playing skills, I usually get the best score in every match. I can teach you some if you like. Choose me for the PE monitor and you can get the best score too!
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