英语被动语态

被动语态

一 被动语态的构成

一般现在时 am/is/are + done

一般过去时 was/were + done

现在进行时 am/is/are + being done

现在完成时 has/have + been done

一般将来时 will/shall/be going to +be done

过去进行时 was/were + being done

过去完成时 had been done

过去将来时 would/should/be going to +be done

含有情态动词 can/may/must + be done

二 被动语态的用法

1 不知道动作的执行者是谁

2 没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁

3 需要强调和突出动作的承受着

4 句子的主语是物

三 主动语态变被动语态

主动语态：动作执行者 +谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者

被动语态：动作承受者 +谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者

四 特殊例子

1 带双宾语的谓语动词变成被动语态

She give me a book.

2 动词短语变被动语态

We should speak to old man politely

3 带复合宾语的动词变成被动语态

I heard Jane playing the piano in her room

4 变被动语态后动词形式的选择

感官动词 ：see ,hear, watch ,feel, notice 等及役使动词let, make, have等后跟省略to的不定式，在变被动语态时应加上不定式符号to

He makes the boy stay the classroom

五 主动结构表示被动情况

1 不及物动词open ,lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, burn, drive等词，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。

This kind of pen writes very smoothly

This kind of shirt sells well here.

2 look,sound,taste,smell, be worth doing 用主动形式表被动, want/need/require +doing 相当于 want/need/require +to be done

This coat looks ugly on her

That book is worth reading

My car needs repairing = My car needs to be required

真题演练

1 -Has anyone taught him how to do it ?

- Sure, lots of advice＿,but he hasn′t made a decision

A gave B were given C have been given D has been given

2 -The Noble prize in Literature 2012 was awarded to Mo Yan and his books＿well around the world

A would sell B are sold C sell D have been sold

3- As a volunteer ,Guo Ming Yi ＿always ＿help others who are in trouble

A is ,seen B is ,seen to C is ,see D is ,saw

4-When did you go last night ?

-I ＿ to go to Li Lei ′s birthday party .

A asked B am asked C have been asked D was asked

5- The sick people must be ＿ when they are in hospital.

A take care of B be taken care C be taking care of D be taken care of

6 -The pollution problem here seems to get more and more serious .Something ＿with it.

A has done B must be done C is doing D was done

7-Have you ever been to Beijing ?

- Of course. Look ,this photo ＿there last year .

A are planted B were planting C were planted D have planted

8 – A new zoo ＿ in the area next year .

A built B was built C builds D will be built

9-Every year ,more than 70,000,000 sharks ＿ for their fins(鱼翅).

A were killed B have killed C are killed D will kill

10-Is this your coat, sir ?

- No, Mine ＿ over there near the window ?

A hangs B is hanging C hung D has hung

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