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发布时间：1714589700 来源：文档文库
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过去完成时
<表现形式>
1. 基本形式：had + 过去分词。
2. 否定形式：had + not + 过去分词(had not照样可缩写hadn't。
3.一般疑问形式：had提到句首，回答用Yes, 主语 + had. / No, 主语 + hadn't. 例如： --- Had she told you to go there earlier yesterday? 她昨天告诉过你早点儿到那儿吗？ --- Yes, she had. / No, she hadn't. 是的，她告诉了。/ 不，她没有。 4. 被动语态形式：had + been + 过去分词。如：
When I got there, the windows had been broken. 当我到那儿时，窗户已经被打破了。
<最佳拍档> 过去完成时是个相对的时态，自然不能离开过去某时 / 动作而“独闯天下”，只能早于过去某时 / 动作，或频频“光顾”于主句为一般过去时的宾语从句中，所以already / yet / still / just / before / never / by（the end of）last year 等时间状语常来“配合作战”；也常活跃在after / before / when + 过去时态从句或by the time + 过去时态从句等的主句中。如： By the time we got there, she had left. 当我们到达那里的时候，她已经离开了。
<与其他时态间的联系与区别> 1. 与一般过去时态“小同大异”：过去完成时和一般过去时都可指动作发生在过去，但过去完成时强调动作相对于过去某一时刻已经完成；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间或过去经常性、习惯性动作，需要特别注意的是：当动作附带yesterday、last year等过去时间状语时，应用一般过去时态。请区别： By the end of last year, I had visited seven different cities. 截止到去年年底，我已经参观过七个不同的城市了。
We learned another English song last month. 上个月我们学了另一首英文歌曲。
2.与现在完成时态“似是而非”：现在完成时表示动作相对于现在已经完成，其标准对照时间点为现在；而过去完成时表示动作相对于过去某一时刻前已完成，其标准对照时间点为过去。试比较：
I have been there twice. 我去过那儿两次。
I had been there twice before I went to school. 在我上学前，我去过那儿两次。
【完成时态专练】
1. He ___________（turn）off the light. We can leave now. 2. By the time we got to the cinema, the film ___________（begin）. 3. She ___________（finish）her homework before I left school. 4. My mother ___________（be）a teacher since 2003. 5. He told us that he ___________（give）the book to his brother.
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6. I ___________（wash）all the clothes. So I can have a rest. 7. They ___________（stay）in China for a long time. 8. My father ___________（arrive）home before nine o’clock last night.
1. We _________the work by six yesterday evening. A. finished B.would finish C. had finished D. had been finished 2. Mrs. Wu told me that her sister___________. A. left about two hours before B. would leave about two hours before C. has left about two hours ago
D. had left about two hours before 3. When I reached home, my parents __________their supper. A.are having B.have already had C.have had
D. had already had 4. It seems that the old man _________something important. A.has lost B. had lost C. lost
D. would lose 5. Did you see Xiao Li at the party? No, ______by the time I arrived. A.she’d left B.she's left C. She was left
D.she must leave 6. We couldn’t catch up with the others because they _____too long before us.
A.started B.were starting C.have started
D.had started 7. By the time the speaker entered the hall, all the listeners_______.
