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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解

发布时间：2020-04-29   来源：文档文库   
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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解
高一上学期U1基础语法讲解
一、本节内容
（一）过去完成时 1.过去完成时：
1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc. 3.基本结构：have/has + done 4.否定形式：have/has + not +done. 5.一般疑问句：have或has提前
概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）
----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|---------------------------->

那时以前 那时 现在

构成：过去完成时由"助动词 had + 过去分词"构成，其中 had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.
She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning.
2、过去完成时的判断依据:由时间状语来判定 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。
Eg: I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。
Eg: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。
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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解
Eg: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
3.课堂练习:

一.用动词的适当形式填空
1. We _____________ (paint the house before we ______________ (move in. 2. That rich old man _____________ (make a will before he _____________ (die. 3. They _____________ (study the map of the country before they ________ (leave. 4. The robbers _____________ (run away before the policemen_______ (arrive. 5. I __________ (turn off all the lights before I ____________ (go to bed. 6. Paul __________ (go out with Jane after he __________ (make a phone call. 7. Tom __________ (say he ___________ (read the book twice. 8. Our plan ____________ (fail because we _____________ (make a bad mistake. 9. When the chairman ______________ (finish speaking, he _____________ (leavethe hall. 10.The Reads __ ______ (have lunch when I ________________(get to their house.
二．句型转换
1．I had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句） 2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.（改否定句）
3.They began to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks.（否定）

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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解
4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. （改一般疑问）

5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑问）

6.By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. （改一般疑问） 7..He had broken his arm when I saw him.（对划线部分提问） 8.When he had read the note, he ate it. （对划线部分提问）

9..Jack didn’t go to the cinema because he had seen the film. （对划线部分提问）

10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. （对划线部分提问）


三.Keys:
一.用动词的适当形式填空
1. had painted... moved 2. had made ... died 3. had studied…left4. had run away..arrived5. had turned off …went 6. went …had made 7. said …had read 8 failed …had made 9. (had finished …left 10. were having/had had …got 1．I hadn't sold the ticket when she came. 2. She hadn't sung a song to us before she danced.
3. They didn't begin to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks. 4. Had you been very hungry by 10:00 a.m? 5. Had Lucy completed the project when I arrived yet? 6. Had the plane taken off by the time he got to the airport?

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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解
7. What had he done when you saw him? 8.What did he do when he had read the note? 9. Why didn't Jack go to the cinema?

10. How long had you/we had the toys before you/we gave them to the child?

(二.过去将来时：

定义：

它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。但这个"将来"时间绝不会延伸到“现在”；而仅限于“过去时间区域内”。 句中会带有“过去某个时间点”的状语： Eg：He said he would come here next Friday.
他说他下周星期五来这儿。
基本构成 1 would + 动词原形
Eg：He asked me if I would stay here.

他问我是否要待在这儿。
When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 过去当你请她帮忙时，他绝不会拒绝。

2 was / were going to + 动词原形
Eg：No one knew when he was going to finish his homework.
没有人知道他什么时候会完成作业。
He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他说将要拍我去火车站接她
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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解

3 was/ were about to + 动词原形 Eg：He said that they were to leave at six.
他说他们将于6点动身。
We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我们要离开时，天突然下起了大雨。 4 was / were to + 动词原形
Eg：The building was to be completed next month.
这座建筑改在下个月竣工。 Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李蕾很快就要到了。
5 come, go, arrive, leave, die 等瞬时动词或was / were +现在分词，用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来
Eg：He was leaving the next day.
他第二天要走了。
We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们学校。
基本用法
1 主句为过去时，宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。 Eg：Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years.
没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事。 He said he would never go there again. 他说他绝不会再去那儿。
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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解
He didn't expect that we would all be there. 他没料到我们会全在那儿。
2 表示过去习惯性的动作
Eg：During that period , he would do morning-exercises every day.
在那段时间，他每天早锻炼。
Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework. 无论他什么时间有空,他总是帮他妈妈干点家务活。
3 表示过去情况中的“愿望”、“倾向”，多用于否定句。 Eg: They knew that we would never permit such a thing. 他们知道我们绝不会允许发生这样的事。
Even after the lecture ended, the audience would not leave . 甚至在讲座结束之后，听众仍不肯离去。
3. 课堂练习: Ⅰ、单项选择
( 1. A: The train is leaving right now , but David hasn’t arrived yet .
B: Well , he said he ______ here on time .
A. came B, will be C. would come D. can be ( 2. They wondered if their teacher ________ them another story the next week .
A. would tell B. had told C. will tell D. told ( 3.The teacher said that she ______ us to the park the next day .
A. will take B. has taken C. would take D. is taking ( 4. Xiao Hua told us that she _______ a film with her mother the next day .
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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解
A. would see B. will watch C. would have a look at D. will see ( 5. They said that they ________ to England the next day .
A. will fly B. had flown C. would fly D. flew ( 6. His father has gone to Shanghai . He said that he ______ in a week .
A. had been back B. would be back C. was going back D. will be back ( 7. A: What did your son say in the letter ?
B: He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day .
A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit ( 8. He told me that he _____ to London the next day .
A. would go B. go C. went D. has gone ( 9. He told me he _____ see me again before long .
A. will come to B. is going to come C. would come to D. comes to ( 10. He said that he _____ in two days .
A. would come back B. will come back C. comes back D. came back ( 11. We hoped that they ______ leave at once .
A. will B. shall C. should D. would ( 12. My brother said that he _____ going ____ his friend the next day .
A. was ... to meet B. would go ... has C. will go ... was going to D. will go ... will ( 13. The teachers told me that they _______ me to smooth away the difficulties .
A. helped B. will help C. help D. were going to help
( 14. I heard that she _____ apples if she was free .
A. was picking B. will pick C. was going pick D. was going to pick
( 15. He asked what you ______ when you grew up .
A. were B. will be C. were going to be D. had been ( 16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _____ the classroom.
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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解
A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left ( 17.They _________ in Guangzhou since 2000.
A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living ( 18. The train from Beijing_______ ten minutes ago.
A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived ( 19. The students _________ their classroom when the visitors arrived.
A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned
( 20. Fergie_______ the project in one hour.
A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished

Ⅱ、用动词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit the Great Wall next summer. 2. She told him that she ________(not stay here for long. 3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come the next year.
4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow down in future. 5. She said the bus _______(leave at five the next morning.
6. I wasn't sure whether he _______(lend me his book the next morning. 7. He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be fifty-eight. 8. Whenever she has time, she ______(help them in their work.
9. When the chairman ______________ (finish speaking, he _____________ (leavethe hall. 10.The Reads ________ (have lunch when I ________________(get to their house.

Ⅲ、句型转换
1. I had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句）
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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解

2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.（改否定句）

3.They began to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink.（否定）

4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. （改一般疑问）

5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑问）

6.By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. （改一般疑问）

7.He had broken his arm when I saw him.（对划线部分提问）

8.When he had read the note, he ate it. （对划线部分提问）

9.Jack didn’t go to the cinema because he had seen the film. （对划线部分提问）

10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. （对划线部分提问） 答案：
Ⅰ.1-5 CACBC 6-10 BDACA 11-15DADDC 16-20 DCCBB
Ⅱ. 1. would visit 2. would not stay 3. would come 4. would slow 5. was leaving 6. would lend 7. would be 8. would help 9. finished, was 10. was having, got Ⅲ. 1. I had not sold the ticket when she came. 2.She had not sung a song to us before she danced.
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牛津上海版高一上学期Unit1基础语法讲解
3.Theydidn’t began to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink. 4.By 10:00 a.m, had you been very hungry.
5.Had Lucy already completed the project when I arrived. 6.By the time he got to the airport, had the plane taken off. 7. What had he done when I saw him? 8. What did he do when he had read the note? 9. Why didn’t Jack go to cinema? 10. How long had you had the toys?

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