英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

发布时间:2020-04-23 09:17:50   来源:文档文库   
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英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

一、单项选择被动语态

1As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by 2025.

Awill have been put Bwill have put Chave been put Dwill be putting

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到2025年为止,全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A

2Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated.

Abelonging Bbelongs Cis belonging Dis belonged

【答案】B

【解析】

考查短语:belong to 属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选B

3________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation.

AHaving explained BHaving been explained

CThough it was explained DIt was explained

【答案】D

【解析】

因为有连词but,前面应是完整的句子,排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用,所以选D

4When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?

Not until our plan________ by the committee

Awill be approved Bapproves

Cis to approve Dhas been approved

【答案】D

【解析】

这题考查时态语态,our planapprove是被动关系,用被动,选择ADA项是一般将来时,not until引导的是时间状语从句,不能用将来时,可以用一般现在时或现在完成时,选D

5The affairs of each country should be by its own people.

Aelected Bsettled

Cdeveloped Dcontained

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知,选settle,意为解决elect选举;develop 发展;contain 包含,控制。故选B

6The new library ________; it will be open next year.

Ahad been built Bwas built

Cwas being built Dis being built

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放。根据后面一句可推知,图书馆是正在建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D

7— Did he decide to take part in the competition?

— Yes, of course. He _____ to.

Ahas been encouraging Bhad been encouraged

Chas been encouraged Dwas to be encouraged

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:——他决定参加比赛吗?——是的,当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据he和动词encourage之间的逻辑关系分析,此处应该使用被动形式,故先排除A 项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析, 此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B

8Due to the country’s growing rate of urbanization, China’s migrant population _______ to be over 200 million by 2020.

Apredicts Bis predicted Cwill have been predicted Dwill be predicted

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:由于中国城市化的速度不断提高,到2020年,中国的流动人口预计将超过2亿。结合句意可知,用一般现在时态的被动语态,句子主语是population,单数第三人称形式,故答案为B。该题容易误选D项,是现在预计,而不是将来预计,故用现在时态。

9In no time______ by a string of measures backing Hainan’s efforts to deepen reform and opening-up.

Athe landmark decision was followed

Bwas the landmark decision followed

Cdid the landmark decision follow

Dthe landmark decision had been followed;

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考察句子语序。句意:在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深化改革和扩大开放。In no time(立刻,马上)位于句首,句子用陈述语序,不用部分倒装。另外,该句陈述的过去的事情,因而用一般过去时,综述选A

【点睛】

关于部分倒装。部分倒装,也叫不完全倒装,指的是谓语部分的be动词,情态动词或助动词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类:第一,否定性副词或者赋词短语,比如seldomhardlyat no time, in no case, on no occasion等位于句首时,比如,Hardly does he get late. 第二,only修饰副词性短语谓语句首时,比如only in this way can we succeed.而本题中in no time (立刻,马上),不是否定意义的短语,故不用部分倒装。

10—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?

—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have made it out safely.

Ahave thought Bare thought

Chad thought Dwere thought

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:——你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗?——是的,在现场的35名矿工中,只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有2个人被认为安全获救,用一般现在时的被动语态,故选B.

11The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more.

Awas broken into; is belonged to Bbroke into; is belonged to

Cbroke into; belonging to Dwas broken into; belongs to

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查被动语态和主动语态。句意:这所房子昨晚被拆了,它属于我的姑妈,但她已经不在那里住了。第一空,根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,break into“破门而入,答案为was broken into;第二空,belong to“属于,无进行和被动语态,结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,答案为belongs to。故选D

12A new function of China’s official train ticket booking website ______to boost buyers’ chances of obtaining a ticket during the upcoming Spring Festival travel rush.

Awill be expected Bexpects Chas been expected Dis expected

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意:中国火车票预订官网的一项新功能有望在即将到来的春运期间增加购票机会。be expected to do表示有望……”,常用于一般现在时,故D项正确。

13The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.

Atreated

Bwere treated

Cwould treat

Dwould be treated

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态的用法。句意:在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。the guests ___ in the hotel是定语从句U,修饰The waytreat是从句的谓语动词,The guests treat之间是被动的关系,并且动作已经发生,所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选B

14I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.

Ahave told; wash Bhave been told; wash

Cwas told; washed Dhave been told; are washed

【答案】B

【解析】

考察时态。根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,故用一般现在时态。选B

15An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.

Awas held Bwould hold Chas hold Dwill be held

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

考查时态语态。

【详解】

句意:午门画廊将展出885件文物。上文中的to be displayed表将来,故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系,故用will be held。故选D

16 —I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?

—I __________. But my car ___________ .

Awould; was fixed Bwould have; was fixed

Cwould have; was being fixed Ddid; was being fixed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意:---我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢?---我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情,应该用would have done;而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候,表示过去正在进行的动作,故答案选C

17With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ___in the past few years.

Adiscovered Bhave discovered

Chad been discovered Dhave been discovered

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:因为有高科技的帮助,在最近几年中,越来越多的新物质已经被发现了。根据时间状语in the past few years,说明使用现在完成时。根据句意新物质和发明之间用被动形式。故D正确。

18After completing the training, I, together with my classmates, ____ to the town that was far from the city.

Awere sent Bwas sent Chave been sent Dhas been sent

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意:完成了训练,我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。together with(和)符合就远原则,故现在只看主语I,是单数;根据下文的was判断为一般过去时,send和主语I之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,即一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,故用was sent,故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查就远原则,即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原则的词或短语有:as well as;(together/along/combined) with; rather than; except; besides; but; including; in addition to; apart frominstead of

例如:

1. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.除了这两个学生,没有人在教室。

2. Everybody except you is down on me.除了你,大家都看不起我。

3. A woman with two children has come.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。

4. John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.约翰,而不是他的室友,应该受到责备。

19By the end of last year, another new hospital __________ in our city.

Awould complete Bwould be completed

Cwas completed Dhad been completed

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意:去年年底为止,我们这座城市又建了一个新的医院。句中有by the end of表示为止如果后面接过去的时间,句子要用过去完成时。本句中by the end of last yearby后是过去的时间状语,句子要用过去完成时,故选D

【点睛】

By表示时间,意为......时为止;该词经常与完成时连用。如果后接by后面是现在的时间,句中就使用现在完成时;如果by后面是过去的时间状语,就使用过去完成时;如果后面是将来的时间,就使用将来完成时。

By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.

到他十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语

By 2012the population of this city will have risen to 20 millon.

2020年,这个城市的人口将增至二千万。

By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.

当简到家时,她的姑妈已经动身去伦敦参加一个会议了

20They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.

Awill install Bwill have been installed Care installed Dhave been installed

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,用将来完成时;“5G终端安装之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选B

21—Pity that I haven’t got a ticket for the concert tonight.

—It doesn’t matter. I’m sure it _______ on TV.

Awill be broadcast Bwill broadcast

Chas been broadcast Dis broadcasting

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态及语态。句意:——很可惜我没有今晚的音乐会的票。——没关系,我相信它会在电视上现场直播的。因为今晚将发生的事,所以应用将来时,it代替concert,它与broadcast之间是被动关系,应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A

【点睛】

本题难度适中。动词的时态和语态放在一起考查增加了试题的难度,需要考生有分析理解复杂的句子结构的能力,必须会根据语境或已给动词的形式来判断动词的时态。如本题中,因为今晚将发生的事,所以应用将来时,it代替concert,它与broadcast之间是被动关系,应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A

22As is expected, it will be not long before our domestically built aircraft Carriers _____ into operation.

Awill be put Bare put

Cwill have been put Dhave been put

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意: 按照预计,在不久的将来,我们国内制造的航母就会投入使用。时间状语从句中使用主将从现,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。before是从句要用一般现在时。投入和主语是被动关系。故选B

23New energy-sharing projects _____ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel China’s sharing economy in the next few years.

Aare to carry out Bare being carried out

Cwere carried out Dwill have been carried out

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正在全国数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目正在城市中开展实施,才能给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。New energy-sharing projects 与动词carry out是被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。A. are to carry out一般将来时的被动,表示将实施,B. are being carried out一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施,C. were carried out表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动;D. will have been carried out将来完成时的被动。故选B

24Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.

Ais given Bare given

Cwas given Dwere given

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意:艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时,受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知,应用过去时,排除选项AB;本句的主语是Amy,她受到热烈欢迎,所以用过去时的被动。故选C

25I want to buy that kind of cloth because I_____the cloth_____well.

Ahave told;washed Bhave been told;washes

Chave been told;washed Dwas told;washes

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态句意:我想买这种布,因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。告诉是被动关系,且动作发生在过去,强调对现在的影响,所以需用完成时态的被动语态;一些动词washlocksellwearreadopenshutclean等,如果主语如果是物,且表示主语的特性或品质时,常用主动形式表示被动意义。the cloth washes well是指这种布料很好洗就是说明这种布料的特征的,应使用一般现在时。故选B

26They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _______.

Ato solve Bsolved Cto be solved Dsolving

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语be difficult to do sth.“难以;很难……”后跟不定式,且在此结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。故用to solve形式。故选A

27–The pine tree in front of the lecture hall is so tall.

–Yes. It ______ nearly 20 metres.

Ameasures Bis measured Cwill measure Dis measuring

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态及语态。句意:——演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。——是的。它近20米。measure此处意为测量,量起来……”,为不及物动词,后接量的结果,不用于被动语态或进行时态。此处为描述客观事实用一般现在时,且主语为it,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故选A

28The Olympic Sports Center _______at present in the city and is said to be open to the public in 2019

Ais built Bhas built Cis being built Dwill be built

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:奥运会体育中心现在正在被建。据说2019年会对公众开放。句中时间状语是at present意为现在,介绍正在发生的事情,主语the Olympic Sports Centerbuild该词被动关系,所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故C项正确。

29His sister left home in 1998, and_________________ since.

Ahad not been heard of Bhas not been heard of

Chad not heard of Dhas not heard of

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态:句意:他的妹妹在1998年离家,至今杳无音讯 And前用过去式表示她1998年离家这一事实,而and后用has not been heard of表示从1998到现在这一段时间的状态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,而且his sisterhear of是被动关系,选B

考点:考查时态

30My brother and I have __________her birthday party.

Abeen invited Bbeen invited for

Cinvited to Dbeen invited to

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查语态和固定搭配。句意:我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother and Iinvite之间是被动关系,invite sb to somewhere表示邀请某人去某地,故D项正确。

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