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2012年高考英语试题(含答案)(全国2卷)

发布时间：2022-11-10 20:59:54   来源：文档文库   
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2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英 语（全国卷）
注意事项：
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.答第卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
3.答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4.考试结束后。将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分
从A、B、C、D四个选项中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 例：have A. gave B. save C. hat D. made 答案是c。 1.theater A. treasure B. wheat C. season D. realize 2. persuade A. usual B. insist C. sugar D. trousers 3. company A. alone B. carrot C. money D. knock 4. opposite A. service B. outside C. pioneer D. police 5. society A. official B. recent C. chocolate D. difficult 第二节 语法和词汇知识(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白扯的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. A. however B. whatever. C. whichever D. whenever 答案是B。
6. —What shall we do tonight then? — - whatever you want. A. Help yourself B. It's a deal C. No problem D. It's up to you 7. He miss gold in the high jump, but will get second chance in the long jump. A. the; the B. 不填；a C. the; a D. a不填 8. That evening, I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 9. Sarah made to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning. A. herself B. this C. that D. it 1 0. Tony lent me the money, that I'd do as much for him. A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped 11. I had hardly got to the office my wife phoned me to go back home at once. A. when B. than C. until
D. after

12. we to paint the whole house but finished only the front pan that day. A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down 13. Next to biology, I like physics . A. better B. best C. the better D. very well 14. —Did you ask Sophia for help? — I need to - I managed perfectly well on my own. A. wouldn't B. don't C. didn't
D. won't 15. The old man sat in from of the television every evening, happy _ _ anything that happened to be on. A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched 16.100℃ is the temperature which water will boil. A. for B. at C. on D. of 17. I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I find the money. A. can B. might C. would D. need 18. The manager the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. A. has told B. is telling C. has been telling D. will have told 19. The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great in this city. A. quantity B. progress C. production D. demand 20. —Try not to work yourself too hard. Take it easy.

—Thanks.
A. So what? B. No way. C. What for D. You too. 第三节完形填空(共20小题：每小题l.5分，满分30分
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Around twenty years ago I was living in York. 21 I had a lot of experience and a Master's degree, I could not find 22 work. I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had 25 five interviews (面试 with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26 the job. "Why has my life become so 27 ？“ I thought painfully.
As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earring 29 I should keep it 30 somebody claimed (认领 it. The earring was painted、black and said "BE HAPPY". At first I got angry. Then it 31 me - I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy with. Later, I decided to 35 more things to the list. That night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a large 37 . she asked me if I would 38 a one-day lecture on stress (压力 management to 2O0 medical workers. I said yes. My 39 there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job. To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of 40 that I completely changed my life. 21.A. As B. Though C. If D. When 22. A. successful B. extra C. satisfying D. convenient. 23. A. driving B. repairing C. taking D. designing 24. A. working B. traveling C. discussing D. living 25. A. prepared for B. attended C. asked for D. held 26. A. lose B. like C. find D. get 27. A. hard B. busy C. serious D. short 28. A. wave at B. drop off C. call on D. look for 29. A. ordering B. promising C. saying D. showing 30. A. in case B. or else C. as if
D. now that

31. A. hurt B. hit C. caught D. moved 32. A. feelings B. attention C. strength D. interests 33. A. opinions B. education C. experiences D. life 34. A. list B. book C. check D. copy 35. A. connect B. turn C. keep D. add 36. A. her B. a passenger C. me D. my friend 37. A. hospital B. factory C. restaurant D. hotel 38. A. listen to B. review C. give D. talk about 39. A. plan B. choice C. day D. tour 40. A. operation B. speaking C. employment D. thinking 第二部分 阅读理解（共25小题。第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. sometimes owners forget that their pets just as used to the warm shelter(住所）as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There many things you can do to keep your animal and safe. Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. lf you have to take them out, stay outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water. If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet's water. Sometimes owners don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can't get anything to drink. Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them. 41. What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1？ A. They are often forgotten by their owners. B. They are used to living outdoors. C. They build their own shelters. D. They like to stay in warm places. 42. Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather? A. To know when to bring them inside. B. To keep them from eating bad food. C. To help them find shelters. D. To keep them company. 43. If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may
. A. run short of clean water B. dig deep holes for fun C. dirty the snow nearby D. get lost in the wild 44. What is the purpose of this text? A. To tell a problem. B. To give practical advice C. To tell an interesting story,
D. To present a research result. B You may think that sailing is a difficult, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind, First, you must ask yourself, "Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side? You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail. Let's start with the wind blowing from behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度 to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best. If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45°angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind. but it shouldn't

flap (摆动 . It shouldn't look like a flag on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.
Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can't go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat. 45. What should you consider first while sailing? A. Sailors' strength B. Wave levels. C. Wind directions. D. Size of sails. 46. What he word "It" underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The boat. B. The wind. C. The sail. D. The angle. 47. what do you have to do when sailing against the wind? A. Move in a straight line. B. Allow the sail to flap. C. Lower the sail. D Tack the boat. 48. Where can you probably find the text? A. In a popular magazine. B. In a tourist guidebook. C. in physics textbook. D. In an official report C Facial expressions carry, meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture(文化 the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. we often causes confusion (困惑 across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities. Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; frequently used to cover painful feelings, Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile. Our faces show emotions (情感， but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly. It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of "reading" the other person incorrectly. 49. What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.? A. Love. B. Politeness. C. Joy.
D. Thankfulness 50. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smile can .
A. show friendliness to strangers B. be used to hide true feelings C. be used in the wrong places D. show personal habits 5 I. What should we do before attempting to "read" people? A. Learn about their relations with others. B. Understand their cultural backgrounds. C. Find out about their past experience. D. Figure out what they will do next. 52. What would be the best title for the text? A. Cultural Differences B. Smiles and Relationships C. Facial Expressiveness
D. Habits and Emotions D ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia - One of the world's most famous fossils (化石 - the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton ( 骨骼 unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 - will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday. Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice.


The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital. Addis Ababa is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. A team from the Museum of National Service in to U.S. tour. Texas spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour. Which will start in Houston next September. "Ethiopia's rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,"said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum. The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York. Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U.S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not yet been worked out. Traveling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils. Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 3½-foot-ball ape-man (猿人. 53. The author writes this text mainly to . A. introduce a few U.S. museums B. describe some research work C. discuss the value of an ape-man D. report a coming event 54. What do the words "a replica" in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A painting of the skeleton. B. A photograph of Lucy. C. A copy of the skeleton. D. A written record of Lucy. 55 How many cities has Lucy's U.S. tour plan already included? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Eleven. 56. What was the skeleton named after? A. An ape-man. B. A song. C. A singer.
D. A camp E Make Up Your Mind to Succeed Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because "everyone's a winner." And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的 than ever before. AS a result. Stanford University professor Carol-Dweck, PhD, calls them "the overprized generation." Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here's how they work: A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能 is genetic you're a born artist point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult it's quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.

On the other band, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego ( 自尊 isn't on the line as much. the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it's quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience. We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to live in the world. But parents, teachers and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck's book, Mind-set:The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure. 57. What does the author think about the present generation? A. They don't do well at school. B. They are often misunderstood. C. They are eager to win in sports. D. They are given too much praise. 58. A fixed mind-set person is probably one who . A. doesn't want to work bard B. cares a lot about personal safety C. cannot share his ideas with others
D. can succeed with the help of teachers

59. What does the growth mind-set believe? A. Admitting failure is shameful. B. Talent comes with one's birth. C. Scores should be highly valued. D. Getting over difficulties is enjoyable. 60. What should parents do for their children based on Dweck's study? A. Encourage them to learn from failures. B. Prevent them from making mistakes. C. Guide them in doing little things.
D. Help them grow with praise. 第二节 根据对话内容从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Daughter: Dad: You love me, don't you? Father: Of course, I do. 61
Daughter: Well, I saw this great offer for a free phone here in the newspaper, and... Father: 62
Daughter: Well, the phone is free… after the $5O I pay is returned to me. Daughter: Dad. All my friends have one. Father: Ah, I don't know. 64
Daughter: But the monthly charge for this service is only $29.99, with 1,000 free weekday minutes nationwide, and unlimited weekend minutes. Father:
I don't know. Daughter: Please Dad. With the new phone you won't have to worry about me while I'm driving the new car. Father: 65
Daughter: The new car you'll need to buy so I can use the phone. A. Ah… What's on your mind? B. New car? What new car? C. Free? Nothing's ever free. D. What did you do to the new car? E. And why on earth do you need a phone? F. They always charge a lot for the service. G. But what is the term of the service agreement? 第11卷
第三部分 写作(共三节．满分55分
第一节 单词拼写(共l0小题目；每小题l分，满分l0分 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡相应题号的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空只写一词 66. Do you speak any (外国 languages? 66. 67. Rebecca was the (骄傲 of her family. 67. 68. Will you stop (打断 me when l'm talking? 68. 69. David Beckham's (国籍 is British. 69. 70. The (现代 history of Italy dates from 1860. 70. 7 I. Bob's (侄子 is a freshman at Harvard University. 71. 72. Alice wanted to borrow Jack's computer, but he (拒绝. 72. 73. Her （书架 are filled with books and photos. 73. 74. What are you girls (耳语）about? 74. 75.Don't (咳嗽more than you can help. 75. 第二节短文改错(共10小题：每小题15分，满分15分
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾 （√）；如有错误(每行只有一个错误，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横向上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。


此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧．在该行右边横线上写出该加的词． 此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。 注意：1. 原行没有错的不要改；
2．答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上。 Dear Editor,

I'm writing to tell you opinion about water saving. 76. Water is important. We, as well as animal, cannot live 77. without water and neither agriculture or industry can go 78. without it. Yet it seemed water is becoming less and less. 79. Many countries in the world find we don't have enough water. 80. TO deal with a problem, I think, we should first go all 81. out to plant trees though tress will help save water. Next, no 82. drinking water should be left running. Third, we should find 83. ways to reuse the water using in washing, especially bath 84. water for which is quite a lot, and that will save much water. 85. Sincerely, Li Hua 第三节 书面表达(满分30分
假定你是李毕。你班同学决定为小明举办生日聚会．请你写信邀请外教Susan参加，要点包括： 1．时问：周五晚8点至9点 2.地点：学生俱乐部
3.内容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等 4.要求：备小礼物 注意: 1．词数100左右，开头语已为你写好： 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上。

















2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语答案及评分参考

第一部分
1.D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. D 10.A 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.D
20. D 21.B 22.C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A
28. B 29.C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. D 34.A 35. D 36.C 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. D 第二部分：

41.D 42.A 43.A 44.B 45.C 46.C 47.D 48.A 49.C 50. B 51.B 52.C 53.D 54.C 55. B 56. B 57. D 58.A 59. D 60.A 61.A 62. C 63. E 64. F 65. B 第三部分 第一节
66.foreign 67. pride 68. interrupting
69. nationality 70. modern 71. nephew 72. refused 73. bookshelves/bookcases 74. whispering 75. cough 第二节
Dear Editor, I’m writing to tell you∧opinion about water saving. 76. my Water is important. We, as well as animal, cannot live 77. animals without water and neither agriculture or industry can go 78. nor without it. Yet it seemed water is becoming less and less. 79. seems Many countries in the world find we don’t have enough water. 80. they
To deal with a problem, I think, we should first go all 81. the/this/that out to plant trees though trees will help save water. Next, no 82. because/since/as drinking water should be left running. Third, we should find 83. √ ways to reuse the water using in washing, especially bath 84. used water for which is quite a lot, and that will save much water. 85. for
Sincerely, Li Hua 第三节
Hi, Susan, We’re throwing a surprise party for Xiaoming’s birthday. We’d like to invitee you to the party. We want to give him a surprise, so please keep quiet about it. We’ll gather at the Students’ Club at 8 p.m. this Friday, after the evening classes. And it’s going to last about an hour. We each will prepare a little present. When he comes, we’ll light the candles and sing “Happy Birthday” together for him. Then the cake will be cut and we’ll sing songs and play games. It’ll be nice to see how excited he will be. I’m sure you’ll have a good time at the party, too.
Yours, \ \

Li Hua
第三节： 一、评分原则
1．本题总分为30分，按5个档次给分．
2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量。确定档次，最后给分。

3.词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中减去2分。

4.评分时应注意的主要内容为：内容要点，应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。 5．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6.如书写较差，以至影响空际．将分数降低一个档次。
二、内容要点
1. 时间：周五晚8点至9点 2．地点：学生俱乐部

3.内容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等 4.要求：备小礼物
第一档（1-6分）—未完成规定的任务．
—明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容。原因可能是未理解试题要求。 —语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
—较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解· 一 —缺乏语句问的连接成分，内容不连贯。 信息未能传达给读者。 0分
未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判：写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。 四、说明
1．内容要点可用不同方式表选。
2．应紧扣主题．可适当发挥。


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