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2012年全国高考英语试题及答案-全国卷

发布时间：2022-11-10 20:59:50   来源：文档文库   
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2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英 语
绝密 启用前
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第Ⅰ卷1至14页。第Ⅱ卷15至16页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项： 1．答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。 2．短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1．5分，满分7．5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小脱．从题中所给的A．B．C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A．￡19．15． B．￡9．15． C．￡9．18． 答案是B。
1．Where does this conversation probably take place? A．In a bookstore． B．In a classroom． C．In a library． 2．At what time will the film begin? A．7:20 B．7:15 C．7:00 3．What are the two speakers mainly talking about? A．Their friend Jane． B．A weekend trip． C．A radio programme． 4．What will the woman probably do? A．Catch a train． B．See the man off． C．Go shopping． 5．Why did the woman apologize? A．She made a late delivery． B．She went to the wrong place． C．She couldn't take the cake back．
第二节（共15小题;每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料．回答第6．7题。 6．Whose CD is broken? A．Kathy's． B．Mum's． C．Jack's． 7．What does the boy promise to do for the girl? A．Buy her a new CD． B．Do some cleaning． C．Give her 10 dollars．

听第7段材料．回答第8、9题。 8．What did the man think of the meal? A．Just so-so． B．Quite satisfactory． C．A bit disappointing． 9．What was the 15% on the bill paid for? A．The food． B．The drinks． C．The service． 听第8段材料，回答第I0至12题。 10．Why is the man at the shop? A．To order a camera for his wife． B．To have a camera repaired． C．To get a camera changed． 11．What colour does the man want? A．Pink． B．Black． C．Orange． 12．What will the man do afterwards? A．Make a phone call． B．Wait until further notice． C．Come again the next day． 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday? A．Go toaplay． B．Stay at home． C．Visit Kingston． 14．What is Ariel going to do in Toronto? A．Attend a party． B．Meet her aunt． C．See a car show． I5．Why is Ariel in a hurry to leave? A．To call up Betty． B．To buy some DVDs． C．To pick up Daniel． 16．What might be the relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates． B．Fellow workers． C．Guide and tourist． 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Where does Thomas Manning work? A．In the Guinness Company． B．At a radio station． C．In a museum． 18．Where did the idea of a book of records come from? A．A bird-shooting trip． B．A visit to Europe． C．A television talk show． 19．When did Sir Hugh's first book of records A．In 1875． B．In 1950． C．In 1955． 20．What are the two speakers going to talk about next? A．More records of unusual facts． B．The founder of the company． C．The oldest person in the world. 第二部 分英语知识运用 （共两节．满分45分）
第一节 单项填空 （共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中．选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 例：We last night ,butwe went to the concert instead A．must have studied B．might study C．should have studied D．would study 答案是：C 21．-Which one of these do you want? - Either will do ． A．I don't mind B．I'm sure C．No problem D．Go ahead 22．Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction．

A．不填；a B．a; the C．the; 不填 D．the; a 23．"Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step ” A．has shown B．is showing C．shows D．showed 24．It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike． A．how B．Which C．that D．what 25．I don't believe we've met before, I must say you do look familiar． A．therefore B．although C．since D．tailes 26．The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much A．the best B．Best C．better D．the better 27．Mary is really good at taking notes in class．She can_ almost every word her teacher says． A．put out B．put down C．put away D．put together 28．The party will be held in the garden, weather ． A．permitting B．to permit C．permitted D．permit 29．This restaurant wasn't_ that other restaurant we went to． A．half as good as B．as half good as C．as good as half D．good as half as 30．I _use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house． A．couldn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．needn't 31．Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but_ of them wants to, because they have work to do． A．either B．Any C．neither D．none 32．Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting． A．having compared to B．comparing to C．compare to D．compared to 33．I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers before my eyes． A．swim B ．Swum C．swam D．had swum 34．You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you． A．so B．Or C．and D．but[ 35．If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will her． A．persuade B．Promise C．invite D．support 第二节 完形填空（共20小．:每小1．5分．满分30分）
阅读下面短文．从短文后各题所给的四个选项《A、B．C和D》中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项小涂黑。
Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all !It speaks 36 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication(非言语交际 takes up about 50% of what we really 38 , And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）.Indeed, what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it . 41 , different societies treat the 42 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接触even with friends, and certainly not with 44 . People from Latin American countries 45 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in 46 , it may look like a Latino is 47 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the Latino will in return regard as 50 _. Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves.
And when parties are from 52 cultures, there's a strong possibility of 53 . But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 _. 36. A. straighter 37. A. sounds 38. A. hope 39. A. immediate 40. A. well 41. A. For example 42. A. trade B. louder B. invitations B. receive B. misleading B. far B. Thus B. distance C. harder C. feelings C. discover C. important C. much C. However C. connections
D. further D. messages D. mean D. difficult D. long D. In short D. greetings

43. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone 44. A. strangers B. Relatives C. neighbours D. enemies 45. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means 46. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment 47. A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D. following 48. A. closer B. faster C. in D. away 49. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out 50. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness 51. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think 52. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich 53. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness 54. A. chance B. time C. result D. advice 55. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased 第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出最佳选项．并在答且卡 上将该项涂黑。
A Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids （孩子） to? Try some of these places:
·Visit art museums．They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest．Many offer workshops for making land-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings by children's favorite writer, and even musical performances and other arts ·Head to a natural history museum．This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur（恐龙） models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky．Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up．
·Go to a Youtheater．Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors．Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts- Puppet（木偶）making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find．
·Try hands-on science．Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around the country．These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike．They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building．When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums． 56．If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit A．a Youtheater B．an art museum C．a natural history museum D．a hands-on science museum
57．What can kids do at a Youtheater? A．Look at rock collections． B．See dinosaur models． C．Watch puppet making． D．Give performances． 58．What does "hands-on science" mean in the last paragraph? A．Science games designed by kids． B．Learning science by doing things． C．A show of kids' science work． D．Reading science books． 59．Where does this text probably come from? A．A science textbook． B．A tourist map． C．A museum guide． D．A news report．
B Honey（蜂蜜）from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious．Most people, and many animals, like eating it．However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest（巢）and take the honey from it．Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them．In parts of Africa, though, people and animals unexpected helper一a little bird called a honey guide．
The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax （蜂蜡） in the beehives （蜂）finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches．Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share．
Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it．The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away．They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit．
60．Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest? A．It's small in size．B．It's hidden in trees．C．It's covered with wax．D．It's hard to recognize． 61．What do the words "the follower" in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．A bee． B．A bird． C．A honey seeker． D．A beekeeper． 62．The honey guide is special in the way_· A．it gets its food B．it goes to church C．it sings in the forest D．it reaches into bees' nests 63．What can be the best title for the text? A．Wild Bees B．Wax and Honey C．Beekeeping in Africa D．Honey-Lover's Helper C About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio（影棚）to take part in a crowd-scene．Although our "act" would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things．
We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path．Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position．The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby．Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path．A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in "snow"．Two more fans were turned on, and a "strong wind" blew through the trees．The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold．
The next scene was a complete contrast （对比）．The way it was filmed was quite unusual．Pictures in front taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen （幕）．An actor and actress stood
of the scene so that they looked trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, as if they were at the water's edge on an island．By a simple and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio! Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us．For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film "stars"! 64．Who is the author? A．A cameraman． B．．A film director． C．A crowd-scene actor． D．A workman for scene setting． 65．What made the author feel cold? A．The heavy snowfall．B．The man-made scene． C．The low temperature．D．The film being shown．
66．What would happen in the "three minutes" mentioned in the last paragraph? A．A new scene would be filmed．B．More stars would act in the film． C．The author would leave the studio．D．The next scene would be prepared．
D Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced still swim as well as ever ever since．A man when he gets back who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can in the water．He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away．He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son．A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star"。remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears．
One explanation is the law ofoverlearninrf , which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials（尝试）increase the length of time we will remember it．
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them．We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks．We not only learn but overlearn．
The multiplication tables（乘法口诀表）are an exception to the eeneral rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood．
The law of over learning explains why cramming（突击学习）for an examination．though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course．By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned．A little overlearning．on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development．
67．What is the main idea of paragraph 1? A．People remember well what they learned in childhood． B．Children have a better memory than grown-ups． C．Poem reading is a good way to learn words． D．Stories for children arc easy to remember．
68．The author explains the law of overleaming by_________． A．presenting research findings B．setting down general rules C．making a comparison D．using examples 69．According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is_______． A．a result of overlearning B．a special case of cramming
C．a skill to deal with math problems D．a basic step towards advanced studies 70．What is the author's opinion on cramming? A．It leads to failure in college exams． B．It's helpful only in a limited way． C．It's possible to result in poor memory．D．It increases students' learning interest． 第二节（共5小题 ,每小题2分,满分10分） 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
Kids' health: Four steps for fighting stress Everybody gets stressed from time to time．71 Some ways of dealing with stress - like screaming or hitting someone - don't solve much．But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better． Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: （1）Get support．When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you．Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives．72 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet． （2）Don't take it out on yourself．Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves．Oh, dear, that's not a good idea．Remember that there are always people to help you．Don't take it out on yourself．73 （3）Try to solve the problem．After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business．74 Even if you can't solve it all, you can solve a piece of it． （4）Be positive．Most stress is temporary （暂时的）．Remember stress does go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it． These steps aren't magic, but they do work．And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster．75 A．Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation． B．Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them． C．Different people feel stress in different ways． D．Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone． E．You need to figure out what the problem is． F．And don't forget about your friends． G．Then, find a way to calm down．

绝密*启用前

第II卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除 或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（＾），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive．From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy．I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it．For a while parents bought me new toys．But before long they began to see which was happening．When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, "That's it．No more toys to you．" My punishment lasted a year． Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last． My attitude changed from then on．

第二节书面表达（满分25分）（注意：在试题卷上作答无效）
假定你是李华，从互联网（the Internet）上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡（Singapre）举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。 内容主要包括：
1．自我介绍（包括英语能力）; 2．参加意图（介绍中国、了解其他国家）； 3．希望获准。 注意：
1．词数100左右：
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 3．邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。

Dear Sir or Madam,
Regards, Li Hua


参考答案

第一\二\三部分
l．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．A 15．C 16．B 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．A 36．B 37．D 38．D 39．C 40．C 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．A 45． B 46．B 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．A 52．A 53．C 54．D 55．B 56．C 57．C 58．B 59．C 60．B 61．C 62．A 63．D 64．C 65．B 66．A 67．A 68．D 69．A 70．B 71．C 72．F 73．A 74．E 75．D
I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive．From less the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy．I toys was happy when the toys worked, but when things did ＾wrong, I got angry and went/go broke it．For a while ＾ parents bought me new toys．But before long they began them my to see which was happening．When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my what tore father said, "That's it．No more toys to you．" My punishment lasted a year．
for Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last． could/might My attitude changed from then on．

五, One Possible Version Dear Sir or Madam, I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China．I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it．I know that you welcome students from different countries and I'd like to take part in it．I've been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English．What is more, I'll be able to tell students from other countries about China and learn about their countries as well．I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp．
Looking forward to your reply! Regards, Li Hua



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