六年级上册英语知识点归纳
发布时间:2020-08-14 来源:文档文库
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Unit 1
The king's new clothes 1、一般过去时
一般过去时的概念
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
一般过去时的形式
1be动词的一般过去时形式
○be动词的一般过去时的构成是“主语+be(was/were+其他”。例如: I was ill yesterday. 我昨天生病了。
The boys were happy last weekend. 男孩们上周末很开心。
2实义动词的一般过去时形式
○实义动词的一般过去时的构成是“主语+动词的过去式+其他”。例如: She went shopping last Sunday. 她上周日去购物了。
I caught a big fish on the farm last weekend. 我上周末在农场抓了一条大鱼。
一般过去时的句型
1肯定句:○“主语+谓语动词的过去式+其他”。例如:
It was rainy yesterday. 昨天下雨了。
We had a picnic last week. 上周我们去野餐了。
2否定句:○“主语 +was/were +not+ 其他”或者“主语+didn't+谓语动词原形+其他”。例如:
It wasn't rainy yesterday. 昨天没下雨。
We didn't have a picnic last week. 上周我们没有去野餐。
3一般疑问句及回答:○“Was/Were+主语+其他”或者“Did+主语+谓语动词原形+其他”,其肯定回答分别为“Yes,主语+did”或“Yes,主语+was/were”,否定回答分别为“No,主语+didn't”或“No,主语+wasn't/weren't”。例如:
—Was it rainy yesterday? 昨天下雨了吗? —Yes, it was. 是的,下雨了。
—Did you have a picnic last week? 你们上周去野餐了吗? —No, we didn't. 不,我们没有去。
一般过去时的用法
1表示在过去的时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,常与just now, a moment ago, ○yesterday, last week/month/year, two years ago, in 1980等表示过去的时间状语连用。例如:
I am a student two years ago. 两年前我是一名学生。
2表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作或过去经常存在的状态,常与always, usually, often, ○sometimes 等表示频度的时间状语连用。例如:
She always helped her mother with the housework last year. 去年她总帮她妈妈做家务。
3表示过去某一段不确定的时间发生的动作或存在的状态,○这些动作发生的时间不太清楚,但实际上是过去发生的。例如:
He worked in the shop for two years. 他在商店里工作了两年。
4用于叙述性文字(如故事、小说、童话等或谈到已故的人时。例如:
○Long long ago, there was a lion. 很久很久以前,有一只狮子。 Lu Xun was a great writer. 鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。
2.动词的过去式
规则动词的过去式如下表所示
构成规则
例词
jump-jumped, help-helped, walk-walked, laugh-laughed, point-pointed, shout-shouted, 一般在动词后面直接加-ed show-showed, look-looked, walk-walked, work -worked, play-played , wanted-wanted, act-acted
以不发音的e结尾的动词,直接加-d live-lived, like-liked, close-closed, move-moved, taste-tasted, hope-hoped 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i再加-ed 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,应双写这个辅音字母后再加-ed study-studied, carry-carried, cry-cried, copy-copied drop-dropped, stop-stopped, plan-planned 不规则动词的过去式,需要靠记忆,平时多积累,常见的有:
get-got, forget-forgot; meet-met,
feed-fed; drive-drove, ride-rode, write-wrote; draw-drew, grow-grew, know-knew, throw-threw; begin-began, drink-drank, give-gave, ring-rang, sing-sang, sit-sat, swim-swam; keep-kept, sleep-slept, sweep-swept; break-broke, speak-spoke; sell-sold, tell-told; stand-stood, understand-understood; bring-brought, buy-bought, think-thought, catch-caught, teach-taught; can-could, shall-should, will-would ; come-came, become-became; hear-heard, say-said, mean-meant;
let-let, must-must, put-put, read-read; go-went, do-did, have/has-had, take-took, run-ran, , steal-stole, am/is-was, are-were, see-saw, wake-woke, can-could, fly-flew, eat-ate, make-made, build-built, fall-fell, feel-felt, find-found, hold-held, leave-left, may-might, wear-wor,lose-lost等等。
3.过去式“-ed”的发音规则
动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/ id /音,
want →wanted (要) need →needed (需要)
动词词尾为清辅音时,发/ t / 音。
help →helped (帮助) laugh →laughed (笑) look →looked (看) kiss →kissed (吻) wash →washed (洗) watch →watched (注视) 动词词尾为t,d