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全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)试题_附答案

发布时间：2020-10-21 来源：文档文库

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全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）试题_附答案
Section Ⅰ
Use of English Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points

The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot__1___ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law___2___ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that__3___ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.
Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be__4__ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not ___5__ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself____6___ to the code of conduct that __7____to the rest of the federal judiciary.
This and other cases ___8___the question of whether there is still a ___9__ between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law__10__ having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions __11__ they would be free to __12__those in power and have no need to__13___ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely __14___. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social ___15___like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it __16___is inescapably political — which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily ___17__ as unjust.
The justices must __18___doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making

themselves __19___to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, __20___, convincing as law.

1. [A] emphasize [B] maintain [C] modify [D] recognize 2. [A] when [B] best [C] before [D] unless

3. [A] restored [B] weakened [C] established [D] eliminated 4. [A] challenged [B] compromised [C] suspected [D] accepted 5. [A] advanced [B] caught [C] bound [D] founded 6. [A] resistant [B] subject [C] immune [D] prone
7. [A] resorts [B] sticks [C] leads [D] applies

8. [A] evade [B] raise [C] deny [D] settle 9. [A] line 10. [A] by [B] barrier [C] similarity [D] conflict [B] as [C] through [D] towards

11. [A] so [B] since [C] provided [D] though 12. [A] serve [B] satisfy 13. [A] confirm
[C] upset [D] replace

[D] offer
[B] express [C] cultivate
14. [A] guarded [B] followed [C] studied [D] tied 15. [A] concepts [B] theories [C] divisions [D] convenience 16. [A] excludes [B] questions [C] shapes [D] controls 17. [A] dismissed [B] released
[C] ranked
[D] distorted 18. [A] suppress [B] exploit [C] address [D] ignore 19. [A] accessible [B] amiable [C] agreeable [D] accountable 20. [A] by all means [B] at all costs [C] in a word

[D] as a result

Section Ⅱ
Reading Comprehension Part
A Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40 points Text 1
Come on –Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word. Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers. The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.” Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.

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